Name ______Date ______Period ______

THE MONGOLS AND THEIR IMPACT

UNIT 3, SECTION 2

I.SECTION OVERVIEW

-1200—the ______swept the grasslands of central ______to build the largest empire in the world.

-They were led by ______and ______, conquering ______, Persia, and even parts of ______.

-They often brought ______, ______, and prosperity, which encouraged ______exchange between East and West.

-Decline occurred due to the size of the empire, poor administration, and internal ______.

II.KEY THEMES, CONCEPTS, PEOPLE, AND TERMS

  1. Genghis Khan- ______
  2. Golden Horde- ______
  3. Kublai Khan- ______
  4. Yuan Dynasty- ______
  5. Mughal Dynasty- ______
  6. Akbar the Great- ______
  7. Pax Mongolia- ______
  8. Marco Polo- ______
  9. Ibn Battuta- ______

III.RISE OF THE MONGOLS

-They were ______herders.

-They were skilled ______and fierce ______and raiders.

A.Genghis Khan (“World Emperor”)
  1. With his organized and disciplined armies, ______took most of ______.
  2. The Mongols were successful because they were skilled ______and bowmen. They also borrowed new military technology, such as ______, from the ______and the Turks.
B.Expansion to the West
  1. EASTERN EUROPE—During the rule of ______, the Mongols invaded ______Europe. They attacked _____, led by ______, Genghis’ grandson. This became known as the ______because of the color of their tents. They were fierce warriors but tolerant rulers.
  2. THE MIDDLE EAST—late 1300s—______gathered Mongol groups and conquered ______, Mesopotamia, Russia, and ______.
  1. A Mongol Dynasty in China
  1. 1279—______, another grandson of Genghis, completed the job of conquering ______.
  2. He named the dynasty ______(a Chinese name).
  3. He refused to become absorbed into Chinese civilization by giving the best ______jobs to Mongols and only allowed Mongols to serve in the army.
  1. Mughal India (1526-1857)
  1. Babur established India’s ______dynasty.
  2. The greatest Mughal ruler was ______. He was a ______, but won Hindu support because of his ______policies.
  1. THE MONGOL IMPACT
  1. Destruction and Conquest
  1. They spread ______and destruction throughout conquered areas.
  2. Example—They ______and burned the city of Kiev in Russia.
  3. Despite brutality in ______, most Mongol rulers ruled with ______. Genghis Khan respected academics, artists, etc.
  4. Conquered peoples were often allowed to ______as before, as long as they ______tribute to the ______.
  1. Lasting Effects on Russia
  1. ABSOLUTIST GOVERNMENT—Mongol absolute power served as a ______for later Russian rulers who expected to rule without interference from nobles or the ______.
  2. ISOLATION—Mongol rule cut Russia off from ______. This deprived Russia of many advances in the ______and ______of the later ______Ages and the ______.
  1. Prosperity and Discontent in China
  1. Established ______and ______in China.
  2. Since only ______could hold the best government jobs and serve in the army, ______resentment resulted, and uprisings occurred.
  1. Pax Mongolia and Global Trade
  1. Due to ______rule political ______was common throughout most of Asia—this is ______, which allowed for an exchange of ______and ideas between ______and ______.
  2. THE SILK ROAD AND TRADE—the ______Road linked ______to the Middle East. It became dangerous and ______used it less. The Mongols then protected it resulting in flourishing ______.
  3. MARCO POLO AND IBN BATTUTA—this safer travel meant that more people could explore other lands. ______, from ______, traveled to the court of ______in the late 1200s. His travels introduced Europe to the beauty and riches of China. Ibn Battuta, from ______, traveled around the Middle East and Asia as well as to Spain.
  1. DECLINE OF MONGOL POWER
  1. Mongol ______were too large and diverse for one power to govern effectively.
  2. They had little experience in ______.
  3. They often depended on other people to govern, often these people were incompetent.
  4. The deaths of strong leaders also hurt.
  5. Resentment among conquered people, like in ______and ______. They desired independence from foreign rule.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

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4. ______