ENDI 20101

File Name

***CAMP TOURNY UPS ENDI 10 – 6 WEEK***

Iraq - Econ Advantage

Debt 1AC

Debt 1AC- Alternate Impact Senario

Debt Add-On

EXT-Solves

A2: Afghanistan

Neg Cards

Iraq - Terrorism Advantage

Terror 1ac

Terror Add-On

Ext- Terrorists Can get the bomb

Ext- Attack soon

Neg Cards

Iraq - RMA Add-on

RMA Add-On

RMA Good-Terror

RMA Good-Heg

EXT-Plan Solves Rma

Politics - Climate Bill

Will Pass

A2: Economy turn

Won’t pass

Doesn’t solve warming

No modeling

Economy turn

Politics - START

Will pass

Start Good – Russian Relations k2 North Korea

Start Good – Russian Relations Extension

Start – A2: Start Bad

Won’t pass

Start Bad – North Korea

Start Bad – Russian War

Politics - Immigration Reform

Bipart key

Internal Links

Polcap high

Obama Popular – International polls

Obama Popular – Domestic Polls

Polcap low

Polcap low (Climate Specific)

A2: Financial Reform boosts capital

Bipart – Low

Obama Unpopular – Polls prove

Obama unpopular – Lowest ever

Poltics - Midterms

Dems Majority – Obama key

Dem Majority – GOP falling

Dems Majority – GOP falling

Dems Majority – GOP divided

Dems Majority – Momentum

GOP Win – Economy

GOP Win – Obama declining

GOP Win – Voter enthusiasm

GOP Win - Senate

GOP Win - House

GOP Win – Independents key

AT: Too far right

Econ k2 Midterms

Economic - Growth Good/Bad

Growth good – generic

Growth bad – enviornment

Growth bad – enviro/VTL

Growth bad – fuels war

Economy - United States

High – 1NC

Econ High Extensions

A2 Jobs Down

Low – 1NC

Econ Low Extensions

Low – inflation

Low – deflation

Growth down

Economy - South Korea

High – general

High – exports

High – growth rates

High – industrial exports

High – fast growth

Low – currency decline

Low – OECD

Economy - Japan

High – general

High – capital spending

High – bond advances

Low – general

Low – deflation

Low – unemployment

Low – debt

Economy - Russia

High – general

High – mining industry

High – farmers

High – NAFTA

High – growth

High – banks prove

High – foreign investors and MOD

High – growth underway

High – industrial consumption

Econ stable – foreign policy

Russia trying to build econ

Low – climate change

Low – minimal growth

Low – growth exagerated

Econ On The Brink

Economy - Iran

High – general

High – stock market

Econ Stable

Econ Growing

Econ Right in the Middle

Econ On The Brink

Low – general

Low – inflation

Low – government

Low – oil

Low – barriers

Low – subsidies won’t solve

Low – multiple reasons

Low – gov’t Fails

AT: Stock Market High

Relations - China-Taiwan

High – domestic advances

High – ECFA

Low – AT: ECFA

Low – missiles

Impact – Warming

Impact – Taiwan Econ

AT: China-Taiwan war

Relations - US-NATO

US-NATO Alliance Resilient

NATO UP

US-NATO Alliance Weak Now

Democracy Good

Good – Democratic Peace

Good – Kant

Democracy Bad

A2 DPT – Empirically Denied

A2 DPT – Realism

A2 DPT – Statistics

Bad – Public Opinion

A2: Common Values

Bad – A2 Trust Other Democracies

Bad – A2 Conflict Resolution Norms

Bad – A2 Trade Solves

Democractic Transitions Bad

Transitions Bad – 1NC

Transitions Bad – Elite Takeover

Transitions Bad – Integrates Opposites

Transitions Bad – Logrolling

Transitions Bad – National Prestige

Transitions Bad – Weak Central Authority

AT: DPT – new democracies aren’t

AT: Authoritarian Worse

Stability - Middle East

Middle east Stable

Middle east unstable

Peace process prevents US-Iran war

Stability - Afghanistan

Stability high

Instability high

Multilaterism

Yes Multilateralism

No Multilateralism

Heg – on the brink

Military

Yes – recruitment

No – readiness

No – morale

No – recruitment

Defense Spending

Spending high – defense

Spending low – general

Spending low – defense

Oil Prices

Oil prices high

Oil prices low

Warming

No Warming – generic

No Warming – multiple factors

No Warming – long term

No Warming – exaggerate

No Warming – studies flawed

Yes Warming – generic

Yes Warming – risk high now

Yes Warming – big threat

a2 climagate

Prolif

Prolif High – China arm sale

Prolif High – Iran Sanctions

Prolif High – Risk high

Prolif High – US proliferating

Prolif Low – No arm sales

Prolif Low – Start key

Immigration

Immigration Rates Low

Terrorism

Terrorism impact – 3nr

High – India

High – Afghanistan

High – cyberterrorism

Low – generic

Deforestation

High – general

High – illegal timber

High – carelessness

AT: Chatham Report

Low – general

Low – studies

Low – private sectors

Low – opposition

Low – global warming

***NEW IRAQ ADVS***

**Econ ADV**

Debt 1AC

Contention______- Economy

Current Obama spending make the debt high and financial collapse inevitable

Lochhead 10

[Carolyn Lochhead, Chronicle Washington Bureau SFGate “National debt seen heading for crisis level” 4/5/10,

Health care may have been the last big bang of the Obama presidency.With ferocious speed, the financial crisis, recession and efforts to combat the recession have swung the U.S. debt from worrisome to ruinous, promising to handcuff the administration. Lost amidlast month's passage of the new health care law,the Congressional Budget Office issued a report showing thatwithin this decade,President Obama's own budget sends the U.S. government to apotential tipping point where the debt reaches 90 percent of gross domestic product. Economists Carmen Reinhart of the University of Maryland and Kenneth Rogoff of Harvard University have recently shown that a90 percent debt-to-GDP ratio usually touches off a crisis. This year, the debt will reach 63 percent of GDP, a ratio that has ignited crisesin smaller wealthy nations. Fiscal crises gripped Canada, Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Ireland when their debts were below where the United States is shortly headed. Japan's debt is much higher, but most of it is held domestically, and Japan's economy has been weak for 20 years. "I really don't think we want to be like Japan," said UC Berkeley economist Alan Auerbach.

We are on the verge of a super debt cycle- NOW is key to solving national debt

Reynolds and Goodman 10

[Garfield Reynolds and Wes Goodman, Bloomberg Financial Analysts, “U.S.'s $13 Trillion Debt Poised to Overtake GDP: Chart of Day” 6/4/10,

PresidentBarack Obamais poised to increase the U.S. debt to a level that exceeds the value of the nation’s annual economic output,a step toward whatBill Grosscalled a “debt super cycle.” The CHART OF THE DAY tracks U.S. gross domestic product and the government’s total debt, which rose past $13 trillion for the first time this month.The amount owed will surpass GDP in 2012, based on forecasts by the International Monetary Fund. The lower panel shows U.S. annual GDP growth as tracked by the IMF, which projects theworld’s largest economy to expand at a slower pace than the 3.2 percent average during the past five decades. “Over the long term, interest rates on government debt will likely have to rise to attract investors,”saidHiroki Shimazu, a market economist in Tokyo at Nikko Cordial Securities Inc., a unit of Japan’s third-largest publicly traded bank. “That will be a big burden on the government and the people.” Gross, who runs the world’s largest mutual fund at Pacific Investment Management Co. in Newport Beach, California, said in hisJune outlookreport that “the debt super cycle trend”suggests U.S. economic growth won’t be enough to support the borrowings “if real interest rates were ever to go up instead of down.” Dan Fuss, who manages the Loomis Sayles Bond Fund, which beat 94 percent of competitors the past year, said last week that he sold all of his Treasury bonds because of prospects interest rates will rise as the U.S. borrows unprecedented amounts. Obama is borrowing record amounts to fund spending programs to help the economy recover from its longest recession since the 1930s. “The incremental borrower of funds in the U.S. capital markets is rapidly becoming the U.S. Treasury,”Boston-based Fuss said. “Do you really want to buy the debt of the biggest issuer?”

Failure to reduce debt causes U.S.-China leadership switch

Seib 10

[Gerald F. Seib, assistant managing editor and the executive Washington editor of The Wall Street Journal, “US status, security weakened by deficit” 2/3/10, lexis]

THE US federal budget deficit has graduatedfrom pressing national concerninto a fully fledged national security threat, as theUS government this year will borrow one of every three dollarsit spends, with many of those funds comingfrom China. The budget plan released yesterdayby the WhiteHouse shows a $US1.6 trillion ($1.8 trillion) deficit this year, $US1.3 trillion next year,$US8.5 trillion for the next 10 years combined -- assuming congress enacts US President Barack Obama's proposals to start bringing it down, and that the proposals work. The numbers are seen as an economic and domestic problem but they have ramifications for the US's ability to continue playing its traditional global role. Experts warn theUS government's heavy borrowing from foreign countries will weaken the US's standing and its freedom to act, while it strengthens China and other world powersincluding cash-rich oil producers. It puts long-term defence spending at risk and undermines the US system as a model for developing countries-- it reduces the aura of power that has been a great intangible asset for presidents for more than a century. ``We've reached a point now where there's an intimate link between our solvency and our national security,'' said Richard Haass, president of the Council on Foreign Relations and a senior national security adviser in both the first and second Bush presidencies. ``What's so discouraging is that our domestic politics don't seem to be up to the challenge. And the whole world is watching.'' The classic, narrow definition of national security threats already has expanded in ways that make traditional foreign policy thinking antiquated,with the list of US security concerns now including dependence on foreign oil and global warming, for example. But the budget deficits also threaten Americans' national security as they make the US vulnerable to foreign pressures. The US has about $US7.5 trillion in accumulated debt held by the public, about half of that in the hands of investors abroad. Each American next year will chip in more than $US800 just to pay interest on this debt and the situation means the US government is dependent on the largesse of foreign creditors and subject to the whims of international financial markets.A foreign government, through the actions of its central bank, could put pressure on the US in a way its military never could.Even under a more benign scenario,a debt-ridden US is vulnerable to a run on the US dollar that begins abroad. Either way, Mr Haass says, ``it reduces our independence''. Chinese power is growing as a result. A lot of the deficit is being financed by China, which is selling the US many billions of dollars of manufactured goods, then lending the accumulated dollars back to the US. The IOUs are stacking up in Beijing. So far this has been a mutually beneficial arrangement, butit is slowly increasing Chinese leverage over American consumers and the US government. At some point, the US may have to bend its policies before either an implicit or explicit Chinese threat to stop the merry-go-round. Just last weekend, for example, the US angered China by agreeing to sell Taiwan $US6.4 billion in arms. At some point, will the US face economic servitude to China that would make such a policy decision impossible? This year, thanks in some measure to continuing high costs from wars in Iraq and Afghanistan,the US will spend a once-unthinkable $US688bn on defence. Staggering as the defence outlays are, the deficit is twice as large. The much smaller budgets for the the US's other international operations -- diplomacy, assistance for friendly nations -- are dwarfed even more dramatically by the deficit. These national security budgets have been largely sacrosanct in the era of terrorism. But unless the deficit arc changes, at some point theywill come under pressure for cuts. The US model is being undermined before the rest of the world. This is the great intangible impact of yawning budget deficits. The image of an invincible US had two large effects over the last century or so. First, it made other countries listen when Washington talked. And second, it often made other peoples and leaders yearn to be like the US. Sometimes that produced jealousy and resentment among leaders, butoften it drew to the top of foreign lands leaders who admired the US and wanted their countries to emulate it. Such leaders are good allies.The Obama administration has pledged to create a bipartisan commission charged with balancing the budget, except for interest payments, by 2015. The damage deficits can do to the US's world standing is a good reason to hope the commission works.

The Switch leads to a massive power war

David, Zweig, Director of the Center on China’s Transnational Relations at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and Bi Jianhai, post-doc at the Center, 05, Foreign Affairs, “China’s Global Hunt for Energy”, September/October, proquest

Although China's new energy demands need not be a source of serious conflict with the Westin the long term, at the moment, Beijing and Washington feel especially uneasy about the situation.While China struggles to manage its growing pains, the United States, as the world's hegemon, must somehow make room for the rising giant; otherwise,war will become a serious possibility. According to the power transition theory,to maintain its dominance, a hegemon will be tempted to declare war on its challengers while it still has a power advantage. Thus,easing the way for the United States and China--and other states to find a new equilibrium will require careful management, especiallyoftheirmutual perceptions.

US/China war causes extinction

Straits Times 00 (“No One Gains In War Over Taiwan”, 6-25, Lexis)

THE DOOMSDAY SCENARIOTHE high-intensity scenariopostulates a cross-strait war escalating into a full-scale war between the US and China. If Washington were to conclude that splitting China would better serve its national interests, thena full-scale war becomes unavoidable. Conflicton such a scalewould embroil other countriesfarandnear and -- horror of horrors --raise the possibility of a nuclear war. Beijing has already told the US and Japan privately that it considers any country providing bases and logistics support to any US forces attacking China as belligerent parties open to its retaliation. In the region, this means South Korea, Japan, the Philippines and, to a lesser extent, Singapore. If China were to retaliate,east Asia will be set on fire. And the conflagration may not end there as opportunistic powers elsewhere may try to overturn the existing world order. With the US distracted, Russia mayseek toredefine Europe'spoliticallandscape. The balance of power in the Middle East may be similarly upset by the likes of Iraq. In south Asia,hostilities between India and Pakistan, each armed with its own nuclear arsenal, could enter a new and dangerous phase. Will a full-scale Sino-US war lead to a nuclear war? According to General Matthew Ridgeway, commander of the US Eighth Army which fought against the Chinese in the Korean War, the US had at the time thought of using nuclear weapons against China to save the US from military defeat. In his book The Korean War, a personal account of the military and political aspects of the conflict and its implications on future US foreign policy, Gen Ridgeway said that US was confronted with two choices in Korea -- truce or a broadened war, which could have led to the use of nuclear weapons. If the US had to resort to nuclear weaponry to defeat China long before the latter acquired a similar capability, there is little hope of winning a war against China 50 years later, short of using nuclear weapons. The US estimates that China possesses about 20 nuclear warheads that can destroy major American cities. Beijing also seems prepared to go for the nuclear option. A Chinese military officer disclosed recently that Beijing was considering a review of its "non first use" principle regarding nuclear weapons. Major-General Pan Zhangqiang, president of the military-funded Institute for Strategic Studies, told a gathering at the Woodrow Wilson International Centre for Scholars in Washington that although the government still abided by that principle, there were strong pressures from the military to drop it. He said military leaders considered the use of nuclear weapons mandatory if the country risked dismemberment as a result of foreign intervention. Gen Ridgeway said that should that come to pass, we would see the destruction of civilisation. There would be no victors in such a war. While the prospect of a nuclearArmaggedon over Taiwanmight seem inconceivable, it cannot be ruled outentirely, for China puts sovereignty above everything else.