Chapter 15 Assessment:
The Evolution of Species & Patterns of Evolution (pgs. 417-421)
The questions below are based on the reading. Once you have read pages 417-421 in your textbook answer the following questions.
I. Multiple Choice Questions (1 point each): Choose the best answer.
1. A physical barrier that separates a population causes ______.
- behavioral isolationc. geographic isolation
- physiologic isolationd. emigration
2.If formerly interbreeding organisms are prevented from the production of fertile offspring, ______has occurred.
- behavioral isolationc. physiologic isolation
- reproductive isolationd. geographic isolation
3.Two closely related species of squirrels live on opposite sides of the Grand Canyon. The ancestral species probably evolved into two species because of ______.
- Structural isolationc. Behavioral isolation
- Punctuated isolationd. Geographic isolation
4.Which of the following pairs of terms is not related?
- analogous structures –butterfly wingsc. vestigial structure –appendix
- evolution –natural selectiond. adaptive radiations –convergent evolution
5.The idea that evolution occurs in rapid bursts followed by long periods of stability is known as ______
- Gradualismc. adaptation
- punctuated equilibriumd. adaptive radiation
6.Apply what you know about punctuated equilibrium versus gradualism, what methods of speciation are most likely to lead to punctuated equilibrium?
a.polyploidyc. convergent evolution
b.geographic isolationd. reproductive isolation
7. In Figure 15.16 what type of speciation and which rate hypothesis is shown?
a.reproductive isolation/punctuated equilibrium c. geographic isolation/punctuated equilibrium
b.reproductive isolation/gradualism d. geographic isolation/gradualism
8. Scientists use fossil evidence to support the following theory/theories ______.
a.punctuated equilibriumc. a and b
b.gradualism d. none of the above
9. Scientist suggest various birds on the Hawaiian Islands migrated from North America and over time exhibited which pattern of evolution?
a.convergent evolutionc. adaptation evolution
b.convergent radiationd. adaptive radiation
10. Interpret Figure 15.20, cacti from the family Cactaceae and Euphorbiaceae illustrate what type of evolution?
a.convergent evolutionc. adaptation evolution
b.convergent radiationd. adaptive radiation
II. Short Response Questions (2 Pts ea): Give a 1-2 sentence response for each question/statement.
11.What happened to the ancestor of the honeycreeper when it left the mainland and encountered the diverse niches of Hawaii?
12.Summarize what happens in adaptive radiation?
13.Adaptive radiation is one example of divergent evolution. When does divergent evolution occur?
14.When unrelated species occupy similar environments in different parts of the world what would you expect to see and why?
15. How do gradualism and punctuated equilibrium differ? How are they similar?
16. Hummingbird moths are night-flying insects whose behavior and appearance are similar to those of hummingbirds. Explain how these two organisms demonstrate the concept of convergent evolution.
17.How can geographic isolation change a population’s gene pool?
18.Describe adaptive radiation as a form of divergent evolution.
19. On a scale of 1-10 how well did you comprehend the reading? Specifically, what did you find difficult or challenging?
III. Extended Response Question (4 points):
20. Generate a concept map that encompasses evolution, specifically, causes and patterns.