University of California, Berkeley Spring 2007
Architecture and City and Regional Planning Professor Nezar AlSayyad
ARCH 219A / CP 231
HOUSING, URBANIZATION, AND URBANISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Time: Tuesdays, 9:30 am-11:00 am
Room: 314B Wurster
Lectures: Tuesdays and Thursdays, 12:30 pm-2:00 pm in 112 Wurster
Units: 3
Course Description
This course is concerned with the study of urban landscapes, some dream-like, some nightmarish. Its purpose however is to unravel the “secret discourses and absurd rules,” the “desires and fears” that undergrid the urbanism of cities. In other words, we will study not only physical landscapes, but also social, economic, political, and cultural ones. Our focus will be the landscapes of housing, our lens will be the processes of urbanization, and our intent will be to investigate the space for action by the professionals of the “urban.”
While the emphasis of the coyrse will be on the diverse trajectories of developing countries, “First World” experiences will also be used to illuminate the specific transnational connections that mark the turn of the century.
Course Requirements and Grading
Students are expected to attend classes regularly and to participate in class discussion. Students are also required to attend the ARCH111/CP111 lectures on Tuesdays and Thursdays, 12:30-2 pm at 112 Wurster.
Attendence and Class Discussion (20%)
Response Papers and other assignments (20%)
Research Paper (60% of the grade): Each student is expected to write a reseach paper related to the theme of the class (20-25 double-spaced pages).
The reader is available at Cal Copy, 1748 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley, Tel.: 549-7171.
University of California, Berkeley Spring 2006
Architecture and City and Regional Plannng Professor Nezar AlSayyad
Tuesdays, 9:30 am – 11:00 am, 314B Wurster 3 units
ARCH 219A / CP 231
HOUSING, URBANIZATION, AND URBANISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
1. January 20: General Discussion
Housing as a Field of Study (Tuesday, January 18)
Housing as a Problem
2. January 27
Housing Form, Culture and Tradition (Thursday, January 20)
Housing, Urbanization and Development (Tuesday, January 25)
1. Rapoport, Amos, “Alternative Theories of House Form” Chapter 2 in House Form and Culture, Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1969, pp. 19-45.
2. Oliver, Paul, “Introduction” in Dwellings, Austin: University of Texas Press, 1987, pp. 7-15.
3. Roberts, Bryan, “Urbanization and Underdevelopment” in The Making of Citizens: Cities of Peasants Revisited, New York: Arnold, 1995, pp. 1-27.
4. Gore, Charles, Excerpts from “Some Anti-Theses: Polarization and the Development of Underdevelopment” in Regions in Question: Space, Development Theory and Regional Policy, New York: Metheun, 1984, pp. 118-121, 127-145.
3. February 3
Migration and Urbanization (Thursday, January 27)
Housing as a Program: Historical Notes (Tuesday, February 1)
1. Gilbert, Alan and Josef Gugler, “The Urban-Rural Interface and Migration” in Gilbert, A and J. Gugler, eds. Cities, Poverty, and Development, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1992, pp. 62-86.
2. Gilbert, Alan and Owen Crankshaw, “Comparing South African and Latin American Experience: Migration and Housing Mobility in Soweto” Urban Studies 36:13, 1999, pp. 2375-2400.
3. Hall, Peter, “The City of Dreadful Night” in Cities of Tomorrow, Oxford: Blackwell, 1988, pp. 14-46.
4. Bristol, Kate, “The Pruitt-Igoe Myth” Journal of Architectural Education, 1991, pp. 163-171.
4. February 10
Colonial and Postcolonial Legacies: The Bungalow (Thursday, February 3)
Home and Nation: The Anglo American Ideal (Tuesday, February 8)
1. King, Anthony, “India 1600-1800” in The Bungalow: The Production of a Global Culture, New York: Oxford University Press, 1995, pp. 14-64
2. Dethier, J., “Evolution of the Concepts of Housing, Urbanism, and Country Planning in a Developing Country: Morocco 1900-1972” in Brown, L.C. ed. From Medina to Metropolis, Princeton: Darwin Press, 1973, pp. 197-243.
3. Mitchell, Timothy, “Making the Nation: The Poltics of Heritage in Egypt,” in AlSayyad, N., ed., Consuming Tradition, Manufacturing Heritage: Global Norms and Urban Forms in the Age of Tourism, London: Routledge, 2000, pp. 212-239.
4. Boyer, Christine M., “The Rupture of a Rural Order” and “The Quest for Disciplinary Control” in Dreaming the Rational City: The Myth of American City Planning, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1983, pp. 3-32.
5. February 17
Squatting and Governments’ Response to Squatting (Thursday, February 10)
Housing and the Informal Economy (Tuesday, February 15)
1. Castells, Manuel, “Squatters and the State in Latin America” in Gugler, J. ed. The Urbanization of the Third World, New York: Oxford University Press, 1988, pp. 338-365.
2. Perlman, Janice, “Six Misconceptions about Squatter Settlements” Development 4, 1986, pp. 40-44.
3. Angel, Shlomo and Stan Benjamin, “Seventeen Reasons why the Squatter Problem Can’t be Solved” Ekistics 242, 1976, pp. 20-26.
4. De Soto, Hernando, “Informal Housing” in The Other Path, New York: Harper and Row, 1989, pp. 17-55.
5. De Soto, Hernando, “The Five Mysteries of Capital,” “The Mystery of Missing Information,” and “The Mystery of Capital,” in The Mystery of Capital: Why Capitalism Triumphs in the West and Fails Everywhere Else, New York: Basic Books, 2000, pp. 1-67.
6. February 24
Housing and Land Markets: The Colonias (Thursday, February 17)
The Political Economy of Housing & the Squatting Triangle (Tuesday, February 22)
(Guest: Prof. Ananya Roy)
1. Ward, Peter, “Informality of Housing Production at the Urban-Rural Interface: The ‘Not-So-Strange Case’ of the Texas Colonias,” in Roy, A and N. AlSayyad, eds. Urban Informality: Transational Perspectives from the Middle East, South Asia, and Latin America, Lanham: Lexington Press, 2004, pp. 243-70.
2. Roy, Ananya, “The Gentleman’s City: Urban Informality in the Calcutta of New Communism” in Roy, A and N. AlSayyad, eds., Urban Informality: Transational Perspectives from the Middle East, South Asia, and Latin America, Lanham: Lexington Press, 2004, pp. 147-170.
3. Castells, Manuel and Alejandro Portes, “World Underneath: The Origins, Dynamics and Effects of the Informal Economy,” in The Informal Economy, Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press, 1989, pp. 11-37.
4. AlSayyad, Nezar, “Urban Informality as a ‘New’ Way of Life” in Roy, A and N. AlSayyad, eds. Urban Informality: Transational Perspectives from the Middle East, South Asia, and Latin America, Lanham: Lexington Press, 2004, pp. 7-30.
7. March 3
Land Markets and the Politics of Squatting (Thursday, February 24)
Urban Informality, Culture and Squatting (Tuesday, March 1)
1. Berner, Erhard, “Poverty Alleviation and the Eviction of the Poorest: Towards Urban Land Reform in the Phillipines” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 24:3, 2000, pp. 554-566.
2. AlSayyad, Nezar, “Squatting and Culture: A Comparative Analysis of Informal Developments in Latin America and the Middle East” Habitat International 17:1, 1993, pp. 33-44.
3. Bayat, Asef, “The Housing Rebels: The Occupation of Homes and Hotels, 1979-1981” in Street Politics, New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 59-67.
8. March 10
Self Help Housing Strategies (Thursday, March 3)
Critiquing Self Help Housing (Tuesday, March 8)
1. Turner, John, “Who Decides?” and “Authority Over Housing” Chapters 1 and 5, Housing by People, New York: Pantheon Books, 1977, pp. 3-34, 94-107.
2. Ward, Peter and G.Chris Macoloo, “Articulation Theory and Self-Help Housing Practice in the 1990s” Urban Studies 16:1, 1992, pp. 60-80.
3. Harms, Hans, “Historical Perspectives on the Practice and Purpose of Self-Help Housing” in Ward, P, ed. Self Help Housing: A Critique, London: Mansell, 1982, pp. 17-53.
4. Burgess, Rod, “Self-Help Housing Advocacy: A Curious Form of Radicalism. A Critique of the Work of John F. C. Turner” in Ward, P, ed. Self Help Housing: A Critique, London: Mansell, 1982, pp. 55-97.
9. March 17: Class Discussion (of Papers)
10. March 31
The Genesis of American Housing Policy (Tuesday, March 29)
1. Jackson, Kenneth, “Federal Subsidy and the American Dream: How Washington Changed the American Housing Market” and “The Baby Boom and the Age of the Subdivision” in Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States, New York: Oxford University Press, 1985, pp. 190-218, 231-245.
2. Deutsche, Rosalyn, “Uneven Development: Public Art in New York City,” in Evictions: Art and Spatial Politics, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996, pp. 49-107.
11. April 7
Public Housing: American Experience in Context (Thursday, March 31)
Public Housing: The Asian Miracle (Tuesday, April 5)
(Guest: Discussant)
1. Hanchett, Thomas W., “The Other ‘Subsidized Housing’: Federal Aid to Suburbanization, 1940s-1960s” in John F. Bauman, Roger Biles, and Kristin M. Szylvian (eds.), From Tenements to the Taylor Homes, University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000, pp. 163-179.
2. Marcuse, Peter, “Housing Policy and the Myth of the Benevolent State” in Bratt, R., C. Hartman and A. Meyerson, eds. Critical Perspectives on Housing, Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1986, pp. 248-257.
3. Castells, Manuel et al, Excerpts from “The Public Housing Program and the Planning of Singapore,” “Public Housing as Political Strategy,” and “The Crisis of the Public Housing System” in The Shek Kip Mei Syndrome: Economic Development and Public Housing in Hong Kong and Singapore, New York: Pion, 1990, pp. 209-211, 226-247, 290-295, 303-328.
4. Goh, Robbie, “Ideologies of ‘Upgrading’ in Singapore Public Housing: Postmodern Style, Globalization, and Class Construction in the Built Environment” Urban Studies 38:9, 2001, pp. 1589-1604.
12. April 14
Public Housing: France (Thursday, April 7)
Public Housing: European Experiences (Tuesday, April 12)
1. Wacquant, Loic, “Urban Outcasts: Stigma and Division in the Black American Ghetto and the French Urban Periphery” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 17:3, 1993, pp. 366-383.
2. Kleinman, Mark, “Housing, Welfare and the State” in Housing, Welfare and the State in Europe, Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 1996, pp. 1-17.
3. Merrifield, Andy, “Fredrick Engels: Backstreet Boy in Manchester,” in MetroMarxism, New York: Routledge, 2002, pp. 31-48.
13. April 21
Urban Renewal and Gentrification (Thursday, April 14)
Homelessness (Tuesday, April 19)
1. Auyero, Javier, “The Hyper-Shantytown: Neo-liberal Violence(s) in the Argentine Slum,” Ethnography 1:1, 2000, pp. 93-116.
2. Beauregard, Robert, “The Chaos and Complexity of Gentrification” in Smith, N and P. Williams, eds. Gentrification of the City, Boston: Allen and Unwin, 1986, pp. 35-55.
3. Smith, Neil, “New City, New Frontier: The Lower East Side as Wild, Wild West,” in Sorkin, M., ed., Variations on a Theme Park: The New American City and the End of Public Space, New York: Hill and Wang, 1992, pp. 61-93.
4. Mitchell, Don, “To Go Again to Hyde Park: Public Space, Rights, and Social Justice,” in The Right to the City: Social Justice and the Fight for Public Space, New York: Guilford Press, 2003, pp. 13-41.
5. Corr, Anders, “Homes Not Jails: The Secret Success of a Squatting Movement to House the Homeless,” in No Tresspassing! Squatting, Rent Strikes, and Land Struggles Worldwide, Cambridge, MA: South End Press, 1999, pp. 17-37
14. April 28
Housing and Ethnicity (Thursday, April 21)
Designing Community: The Utopia of New Urbanism, here and elsewhere (Tuesday, April 26)
1. Mele, Christopher, “Neighborhood ‘Burn-Out’: Puerto Ricans at the End of the Queue” in Abu-Lughod, J, ed. From Urban Village to East Village, Oxford and Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1994, pp. 125-140.
2. Frantz, Douglas and Catherine Collins, “Prologue,” “The Cult of the Mouse,” “Back to the Future” and “Citizen Disney” in Celebration, U.S.A: Living in Disney’s Brave New Town, New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1999, pp. 5-81.
3. Till, K., “Neotraditional Towns and Urban Villages: The Cultural Production of a Geography of Otherness” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 11, pp. 709-732.
4. Hall, Denise, “Community in the New Urbanism: Design Vision and Symbolic Crusade,” Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review 9:2, 1998, pp. 23-36.
15. May 5: General Discussion
Housing and Sustainability (Tuesday, April 28)
Housing, Globalization, Tourism and the New Virtual World (Thursday, May 3)
1. Islam, Nazrul, “Sustainability Issues in Urban Housing in a Low-Income Country: Bangladesh” Habitat International 20:3, 1996, pp. 377-388.
2. AlSayyad, Nezar, “Culture, Identity, and Urbanism in a Changing World: A Historical Perspectvie on Colonialism, Nationalism, and Globalization,” Cohen, M., B. Ruble, and J. Tulschine, eds., Preparing for the Urban Future, Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1997, pp. 108-122.
3. AlSayyad, Nezar, “Global Norms and Urban Forms in the Age of Tourism: Manufacturing Heritage, Consuming Tradition” in AlSayyad, N., ed. Consuming Tradition, Manufacturing Heritage, London: Routledge, 2001, pp. 1-33.
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