Name______
CELLS AND CELL
PROCESSES
UNIT QUESTIONS
Grade 8
Unit – Cells and Cell Processes
QUESTION / FORMAT / STANDARD1 / MC / 1.1b
2 / MC / 1.1b
3 / MC / 1.1c
4 / MC / 2.1a
5 / MC / 1.1c
6 / MC / 1.1f
7 / MC / 1.1e
8 / MC / 1.1a
9 / MC / 1.1c
10 / MC / 1.1e
11 / MC / 1.1f
12 / MC / 1.1a
13 / MC / 2.1d
14 / MC / 2.1e
15 / MC / 2.1d
16 / MC / 1.1e
17 / MC / 1.1d
18 / MC / 1.1a
19 / MC / 2.1e
20 / MC / 2.1d
21 / MC / 2.1h
22 / MC / 1.1c
23 / MC / 1.1e
24 / MC / 1.1c
25 / MC / 1.1f, 4.4a
26 / MC / 1.1e
27 / MC / 4.4a
28 / MC / 4.4c
29 / MC / 4.4b
30 / MC / 4.4c
31 / MC / 1.1b
32 / MC / 1.1d
33 / MC / 1.1a
34 / MC / 1.1a
35 / MC / 1.1a
36 / MC / 1.1a
37 / MC / 1.1a
38 / MC / 1.1a
39 / MC / 1.1a
40 / MC / 1.1a
(Cont.)
Grade 8
Unit – Cells and Cell Processes
QUESTION / FORMAT / STANDARD41 / MC / 1.1c
42 / MC / 1.1c
43 / MC / 1.1c
44 / MC / 1.1d
45 / MC / 1.1c
46 / MC / 1.1c
47 / MC / 1.1c
48 / MC / 1.1b
49 / MC / 1.1e
50 / MC / 1.1g
51 / MC / 1.1b
52 / MC / 1.1b
53 / MC / 2.1a
54 / MC / 2.1a
55 / MC / 2.1a
56 / MC / 2.1a
57 / MC / 2.1a
58 / MC / 2.1a
59 / MC / 2.1a
60 / MC / 2.1a
61 / MC / 2.1e
62 / MC / 2.1d
Grade 8
Unit – Cells and Cell Processes
QUESTION / FORMAT / STANDARD1 / CR / 2.1d
2 / CR / 2.1d
3 / CR / 2.1a
4 / CR / 2.1e
5 / CR / 1.1a
6 / CR / 1.1a
7 / CR / 1.1e
8 / CR / 1.1e
9 / CR / 1.1e
10 / CR / 2.1d
11 / CR / 2.1e
12 / CR / 2.1d
13 / CR / 2.1d
14 / CR / 1.1c
15 / CR / 1.1c
16 / CR / 1.1c
17 / CR / 4.2a
18 / CR / 4.2a
19 / CR / 2.1e
20 / CR / 2.1e
21 / CR / 2.1e
22 / CR / 2.1e
1. The process of “burning” food inside an organism’s cells to release energy is called
1) excretion. 3) digestion.
2) photosynthesis. 4) respiration.
2. Which part of a cell allows nutrients and other materials to enter or leave the cell?
1) cytoplasm 3) chloroplast
2) nucleus 4) cell membrane
3. Hereditary information is found in a cell’s
1) chloroplasts. 3) cytoplasm
2) chromosomes. 4) membranes
4. What is a major cause of variation within a species?
1) sexual reproduction
2) asexual reproduction
3) extinction
4) photosynthesis
5. Which part of the cell controls cell activities and stores genetic material?
1) nucleus 3) chloroplast
2) cell membrane 4) centriole
6. Which of the following structures are found only in plant cells?
1) chromosomes 3) cell membranes
2) chloroplasts 4) cytoplasm
7. Of the following groups, which is organized from simple to complex?
1) tissue → cell → organ system → organ
2) organ system → organ → cell → tissue
3) organ → tissue → organ system → cell
4) cell → tissue → organ → organ system
8. If a new type of living thing is discovered, of which basic unit of structure will it most likely be composed?
1) cells 3) organ systems
2) organs 4) tissues
9. Which structure is the main control center of the cell?
1) chloroplast 3) mitochondria
2) cytoplasm 4) nucleus
10. Which cell would be most efficient at transferring messages from one point to another?
1) skeletal 3) nerve
2) muscle 4) skin
11. The destruction of its chlorophyll would most directly affect a plant’s ability to
1) take in minerals. 3) produce seeds.
2) transport water 4) undergo photosynthesis.
12. Which form of life is an exception of the cell theory?
1) bacterium 3) amoeba
2) plant 4) virus
13. How much of a new individual’s genetic information is carried in a sex cell?
1) 1/4 3) 1/2
2) all 4) twice what is needed
14. Cells identical to the parent cell are created by the process of
1) fertilization. 3) mitosis.
2) meiosis. 4) mutation.
15. Which represents the correct sequence of development for complete metamorphosis?
1) egg, larva, pupa, adult 3) egg, pupa, larva, adult
2) egg, nymph, adult 4) adult, egg, pupa, larva
16. A colony of organisms is found, all containing identical genes. This group of organisms most likely reproduces
1) asexually. 3) through fertilization.
2) sexually. 4) slowly.
17. The genetical information found in any human body cell will
1) be identical. 3) differ according to cell function.
2) match its parents. 4) differ according to cell location.
18. The diagram at the right represents a cell
process. If the cell in diagram 1 contains
4 chromosomes, what is the number of
chromosomes in each cell in diagram 3?
1) 8 3) 16
2) 2 4) 4
19. Cancer is a disease characterized by the
1) uncontrolled division of abnormal cells.
2) unlimited production of abnormal sex cells.
3) uncontrolled replication and lining up of chromosomes.
4) limited production of normal sex cells.
20. Each body cell of a chimpanzee contains 48 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would normally be present in a sex cell produced by this chimpanzee?
1) 24 3) 48
2) 36 4) 96
21. The diagram below shows a cell.
This cell would be found in which type of organism?
A) animals
B) fungi
C) viruses
D) plants
22. Tissue is composed of a group of
A) similar cells working together.
B) different organs working together.
C) organ systems working together.
D) nuclei in a cell working together.
23. What is the function of DNA in a cell?
A) regulating the movement of nutrients
B) storing and releasing chemicals
C) carrying genetic material
D) providing energy for activities
24. A plant forms new tissue at the tips of its roots and stems. This new tissue growth is a direct result of
A) circulation.
B) coordination.
C) cellular respiration.
D) cell division.
25. Which sequence correctly shows the levels of organization for structure and function in a human?
A) cell ® tissue ® organ ® organ system
B) organ system ® cell ® tissue ® organ
C) tissue ® organ ® organ system ® cell
D) cell ® organ ® tissue ® organ system
26. Asexually produced offspring are genetically
A) identical to the parent.
B) different from the parent.
C) different from each other.
D) formed by two parents.
27. Compared to the amount of hereditary information in a human body cell, how much hereditary information is contained in a human sex cell?
A) one-quarter the amount
B) one-half the amount
C) the same amount
D) twice the amount
28. In the animal skin tissue, cell division is responsible for
A) growth and repair.
B) sexual reproduction.
C) obtaining energy.
D) production of sex cells.
29. Which statement describes a method of sexual reproduction that occurs in plants?
A) Stem cuttings are placed in water and grow roots.
B) Seeds are produced from the flower of the plant.
C) Underground stems from a plant grow into new plants.
D) A leaf falls to the soil, develops roots, and grows.
30. The structures found in a living cell can be compared to the parts of a factory that produces cars. Which part of the factory is most similar to the nucleus of a living cell?
A) a conveyor belt that transport materials
B) a storage bin that holds the pieces needed to assemble a car
C) the computer room that controls the assembly process
D) the generator that provides energy for the factory
31. What is the basic unit of structure and function in protists and monerans?
A) cell C) organ
B) system D) sytem
32. Which organism is considered an exception to the cell theory because it has a noncellular structure?
A) alga C) virus
B) bacterium D) moss
33. Viruses are exceptions to the cell theory, but they have some characteristics of living things. What is one of these characteristics?
A) They are made up of many specialized cells.
B) They contain genetic material.
C) They reproduce by mitosis.
D) They contain chlorophyll.
34. The cell theory states that
A) all cells have nuclei that contain genetic information.
B) living organisms are made of cells that arise from preexisting cells.
C) all cells regenerate and contain the same basic structures.
D) organisms that lack certain organelles reproduce by binary fission.
35. Living things contain units of structure and function that arise from preexisting units. This statement best describes the
A) cell theory.
B) lock-and-key model of enzyme activity.
C) concept of natural selection.
D) heterotroph hypothesis.
36. Which factor contritubed most to the development of the cell theory?
A) the discovery of many new species
B) the development of techniques to determine the chemical composition of substances
C) the increase in knowledge concerning factors influencing the rate of evolution
D) the improvement in microscopes and microscopic techniques
37. Which statement is part of the cell theory?
A) Cells are microscopic.
B) Cells have definite boundaries.
C) Cells require oxygen for metabolism.
D) Cells come fro preexisting cells.
38. Which invention most influenced the development of the cell theory?
A) ultracentrifuge
B) light microscope
C) thermometer
D) electron microscope
39. Most of the hereditary information that determines the traits of an organism is located in
A) only those cells of an individual produced by meiosis.
B) the nuclei of body cells of an individual.
C) certain genes in the vacuoles of body cells.
D) the numerous ribosomes in certain cells.
40. Transport of molecules within animal cells occurs in the
A) cytoplasm.
B) nucleus.
C) ribosomes.
D) chloroplast.
41. Which letter in the diagram below indicates the cell membrane?
1) A
2) B
3) C
4) D
42. Which structures are used by a paramecium for maintaining water balance?
A) contractile vacuoles
B) food vacuoles
C) pseudopodia
D) cilia
43. A structure involved in regulating the movement of materials into a cell is the
A) ribosome.
B) centriole.
C) chloroplast.
D) cell membrane.
44. The diagram below shows a plant cell.
Which cell structure is as a storage site for wastes?
1) A 3) C
2) B 4) D
45. Which organelle contributes the energy for muscles in an earthworm?
A) vacuoles
B) chloroplasts
C) mitochondria
D) ribosomes
46. Which statement best describes the cell membrane of a cell?
A) It controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
B) It is composed of proteins only.
C) It allows all substances in and out of the cell.
D) It is only found in animal cells.
47. Some human body cells are shown in the diagrams below.
These groups of cells represent different
A) tissues in which similar cells function together.
B) organs that help to carry out a specific life activity.
C) systems that are responsible for a specific life activity.
D) organelles that carry out different functions.
48. Which statement describing the cells in a body system is correct?
A) Each cell in the system is identical to the other cells in the system, and each works independently of the other cells.
B) Some cells in the system may be different from the other cells in the system, but all cells are coordinated and work together.
C) Each cell in the system is different from the other cells in the system, and each cell works independently of the other cells.
D) All cells in the system are identical to each other and work together.
49. The diagram below represents a cross section of a plant leaf.
Which letter indicates the region where photosynthesis occurs?
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
50. Base your answer on the diagram below which represents some of the events that take place in a chloroplast.
Chlorophyll is involved in the production of
A) oxygen.
B) carbon dioxide.
C) carbon monoxide.
D) ozone.
51. Which diagram represents the type of asexual reproduction known as regeneration?
52. Which sequence shown below represents the process of regeneration?
53. Which diagram represents the reproductive process of budding?
54. Budding is a form of asexual reproduction characterized by
A) equal division of cytoplasm and equal division of genetic material.
B) unequal division of cytoplasm and unequal division of genetic material.
C) unequal division of cytoplasm and equal division of genetic material.
D) equal division of cytoplasm and unequal division of genetic material.