Topic: MATTER and Its PHASES

Essential Question: What is matter and how does MATTER change from one phase to the next?

QUESTIONS:
What is matter?
How is weight different from mass?
What is volume? How is it similar or different from mass?
Identify the phases of matter. What do you do to change the phases of matter?
Describe Kinetic energy of particles in solid, liquid, gas and plasma?
Compare and contrast exothermic and endothermic reaction / Matter-It’s what the world’s made of. Ex. __desk______; ______water______; plants
Matter is anything that has ___Mass______and ___Volume______
Mass is the ____amount of matter______in an object
Units of mass: (triple beam balance is used to measure mass)
1.)mg – milligrams
2.)g-grams;
3.)kg- kilograms –SI unit (International System)
Weight – force exerted on an object due to ___gravity______
-Is equal __mass x acceleration__ due to gravity (9.8m/s2) on earth
Volume – is the ___space______the matter takes up
Units of volume: (graduated cylinder)
1.)L- liters SI unit
2.)mL – milliliters– liquid  used a graduated cylinder; 1,000mL = 1L
3.)cm3 – cubic centimeters– solid (ruler method)
4.)gallons
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4 Phases of Matter:
  1. SOLIDSSolids hold their own ___definite shape_____.
Particles are __packed tightly together______
Have very ___little ENERGY_(Kinetic energy)______
Examples: __rock______; ____concrete__; ___cement__; ice_
  1. LIQUIDS Liquids take the ____shape/form of container_.
Particles are ___loosely packed______
Have __Medium Energy____ levels
Examples: __water______; _soda______; __vinegar_; milk_
  1. GAS gases ____spread out____ to fill the entire space given
Particles move ____freely_____
Have __high level______of energy
Examples: ___carbon dioxide___; ___oxygen____; __Nitrogen_gas (70%)____
  1. PLASMAare _____electrically______charged
Have ___extremely ___high__ __Energy__
Levels
_Lightning______is a plasma
Used in fluorescent __light_ ____bulbs______and ___neon______lights
Plasma is a lot ___like______gas______but the particles are electrically charged.
Phase in which matter is extremely high in energy, and
cannot be contained by ordinary matter, __very __
_____rare_on Earth.
ENERGY determines the State of Matter. (Copy the diagram- see the board)
ADDITION of ENERGY to MATTER:
When ENERGY is added, particles move _Faster______!
When energy is taken away, particles move ____Slower______!
a.)SOLID + Energy = ____LIQUID_____
Examples: _____ice to water______
b.)LIQUID + ENERGY = ____GAS______
Examples: ___water to water vapor (boiling)_____
c.)GAS + Energy = ___PLASMA______
Example: ___metals heated__
REMOVAL of ENERGY from MATTER:
a.)Plasma – Energy = ______GAS______
b.)Gas – Energy = ______LIQUID______
c.)Liquid – Energy = ______SOLID______
PHASE CHANGES of MATTER:
a.)__Freezing______phase change from liquid to solid
b.)__Melting______ phase change from solid to liquid
c.)__Condensation____change from gas to liquid
d.)___Vaporization______change from liquid to gas Ex. boiling
e.)__Evaporation_____  vaporization that takes place at
the surface of a liquid.
f.)___Sublimation______ change from the solid phase directly to the gas phase.
Ex. Solid Carbon dioxide (CO2) Dry ice sublimes
g.)Ionization – gas to plasma
h.)Recombination – plasma to gas
TO
FROM / Solid / Liquid / Gas / Plasma
Solid / N/A / Melting / Sublimation / N/A
Liquid / Freezing / N/A / Vaporization
Evaporation
Gas / Deposition / Condensation / N/A / Ionization
Plasma / N/A / N/A / Recombination / N/A
Explain what will happen to pressure if volume of the matter is increase or decrease?