Sem 1 Final Review Problems
1. As the distance between two bodies increases 10 fold, how much does the force of gravitational attraction between the bodies change?
2. A track star in the long jump goes into the jump at 12 m/s and launches herself at 20.0° above the horizontal. How long is she in the air before returning to Earth? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
3. A hockey puck is given an initial speed of 8.0 m/s and continues to move in a straight path for a distance of 16 m before coming to rest. What is the acceleration of the puck?
4. The force parallel to a frictionless plane inclined at 20.0° when you put a 100.N box on it is
5. If the force of gravity on a balloon is 3000. N, and the lift force provided by the atmosphere is 3300. N, in which direction is the net force acting?
6. A wagon with a weight of 300.0 N is accelerated across a level surface at 0.5 m/s2. What net force acts on the wagon? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
7. A baseball is dropped from the top of the Washington Monument. It hits the ground after falling for 6.00 s. What was the height from which the ball was dropped?
8. A duck waddles 2.5 m east and 6.0 m north. What are the magnitude and direction of the duck’s displacement with respect to its original position?
9. An 100.0 kg climber with a 8848 m to the top of Mount Everest. What is the climber’s potential energy?
10. If two small beakers of water, one 125 g at 70°C and one 250 g at 80°C, are emptied into a large beaker, what is the final temperature of the water?
11. The force of gravitational attraction between two 90.0 kg spheres of metal spaced so their centers are 0.400 m apart is
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13. In the free-body diagram shown above, which of the following is the weight of the car?
14. An elevator weighing 2.00 ´ 105 N is supported by a steel cable. What is the tension in the cable when the elevator is accelerated upward at a rate of 4.00 m/s2? (g = 9.81 m/s2)
15. A 3.00 kg toy falls from a height of 10.0 m. Just before hitting the ground, what will be its kinetic energy? (Disregard air resistance. g = 9.81 m/s2.)
16. A boy pulls a sled across a level field by exerting a force of 110. N at an angle of 30.° with the ground. What are the horizontal and vertical components, respectively, of this force with respect to the ground?
17. Calculate the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures: 10.5 ´ 8.8 ´ 3.14
18. A toy car is given an initial velocity of 5.0 m/s and experiences a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2. What is the final velocity after 6.0 s?
19. A model rocket flies horizontally off the edge of the cliff at a velocity of 50.0 m/s. If the canyon below is 100.0 m deep, how far from the edge of the cliff does the model rocket land?
20. An airplane flying at 120 km/h due west moves into a region where the wind is blowing at 40 km/h due east. If the plane's original vector velocity is vplane, which of the following is the correct expression for the plane’s resulting velocity?
21. A city jogger runs 10.0 due east, 5.0 blocks due south and another 2.0 blocks due east. Assume all blocks are of equal size. What is the magnitude of the jogger’s displacement, start to finish?
22. A 7.0 kg bowling ball strikes a 2.0 kg pin. The pin flies forward with a velocity of 6.0 m/s, the ball continues forward at 4 m/s. What was the original velocity of the ball?
23. Wiley Coyote has missed the elusive roadrunner once again. This time, he leaves the edge of the cliff at 50.0 m/s horizontally. If the cliff is 100. m high, how far from the edge of the cliff does the coyote land?
24. A baseball is released at rest from the top of the Washington Monument. It hits the ground after falling for 6.00 s. What was the height from which the ball was dropped? (Disregard air resistance. g = 9.81 m/s2.)
25. The statement by Newton that for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction is which of his laws of motion?
26. The world’s strongest man does 4.5 x 105 J of work in 17 s. How much power was required?
27. A swimmer with a mass of 75 kg dives off a raft with a mass of 500 kg. If the swimmer’s speed is 4 m/s immediately after leaving the raft, what is the speed of the raft? (Hint: Recoil)
28. A force of 35.0 N is exerted through a distance of 2.50 m on a 3.00 kg box initially at rest on a frictionless surface. What is the final speed of the box?
29. A block having a mass of 5.0 kg rests on a horizontal surface where the coefficient of sliding kinetic friction between the two is 0.20. A string, attached to the block, is pulled horizontally resulting in a 2 m/s2 acceleration by the block. What is the tension in the string?
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31. It takes 40.0 J to push a large box 4.00 m across a floor. Assuming the push is in the same direction as the move, what is the magnitude of the force on the box?
32. Calculate the speed of a satellite moving in a stable circular orbit about the earth at a height of 3.20x106 m above the surface of the earth.
33. A centripetal force of 26.0 N is applied to a 0.60kg stone to keep it rotating in a horizontal circle of radius 0.40m. Calculate its speed.
34. A tourist accidentally drops a camera from a 40.0 m high bridge. If g = 9.81 m/s2 and air resistance is disregarded, what is the speed of the camera as it hits the water?
35. When a golfer hits a golf ball, the magnitude of the force exerted by the ball on the club is _____ that exerted by the club on the ball
36. Multiply the following and select the answer with the correct significant figures 10.5 x 8.8 x 3.14
37. A toy rocket is launched straight up into the air. The total displacement of the toy rocket upon landing is
38. A book with a mass of 2.0 kg is held in equilibrium on a board with a slope of 60.0° by a horizontal force. What is the normal force exerted by the book?
39. A truck has an initial velocity of 15 m/s and an acceleration of 1.0 m/s2. In the first 10. s after the acceleration begins, the car travels a distance of
40. A sports car accelerates at a constant rate from rest to a speed of 27.8 m/s in 8.00 s. What is the displacement of the sports car in this time interval?
41. Using an ideal machine, a worker exerts an effort force of 5.0 N to move a 12.0 N weight a distance of 3.0 m. The effort distance is
42. A dolphin swims 1.85 km/h. How far has the dolphin traveled after 0.60 h?
43. What is 50°C in K?
44. What is 50°C in °F?
45. What is the average power output of a weight lifter who can lift 250 kg 2.0 m in 2.0 s?
46. Add the following numbers and select the answer with the correct significant figures: 21.4 + 85 + 17.17 + 4.003
47. A 6.0 ´ 10–2 kg tennis ball moves at a velocity of 12 m/s. The ball is struck by a racket, causing it to rebound in the opposite direction at a speed of 18 m/s. What is the change in the ball’s momentum?
48. What is the kinetic energy of a 0.135 kg baseball thrown at 40.0 m/s?
49. A cart is given an initial velocity of 5.0 m/s and experiences a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2. What is the final velocity after 6.0 s?
50. A 1000. kg car has a kinetic energy of 4.50 x 105 J. The car’s speed is
51. What is the Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) of the following lever?
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53. A clay ball with a mass of 0.35 kg strikes another 0.35 kg clay ball at rest, and the two balls stick together. The final velocity of the balls is 2.1 m/s north. What was the first ball’s initial velocity?
54. A baseball thrown from the outfield is thrown from shoulder height. The initial velocity is 29.4 m/s at an initial angle of 30.0° above the horizon. It is in flight for a total of 3.00 seconds before it is caught by the third baseman at shoulder height. (Assume air resistance is negligible.) What is the ball’s horizontal displacement?
55. A mass of 150 kg of water is heated from 35 °C to 95 °C. How much heat is absorbed by the water if the specific heat of water is 4186 J/kg °C?
56. A bowling ball with a mass of 7.0 kg strikes a pin that has a mass of 2.0 kg. The pin flies forward with a velocity of 6.0 m/s, and the ball continues forward at 4.0 m/s. What was the original velocity of the ball?
57. Old Faithful geyser in Yellowstone National Park shoots water every hour to a height of 40.0 m. With what velocity does the water leave the ground? (Disregard air resistance. g = 9.81 m/s2.
58. If both the mass and the velocity of a ball are tripled, the kinetic energy of the ball is increased by a factor of
59. The centripetal force needed to keep the earth in orbit is provided by
60. A roll of copper (Ccopper =387 J/kg °C) pennies is thrown out an apartment window 250 meters high. How much warmer are the pennies when they come to rest on the ground. Assume the pennies absorb all the energy.
61. Planet Rama has 2 moons. Moon Shiva is 3500 km from the center of Rama and takes 36 days to orbit. If Moon Vishnu takes 25 days to orbit, how far is it from the center of Rama?
62. Which scientist made meticulous charts of the planets in the sky, and was also the teacher of Johannes Kepler?
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64. A cup of water at 40 ºC and a cup of water at 5 ºC are left on a table. Which graph (above) correctly shows the tempurature of the water in the two cups as time passes.
65. A 750 N man stands on a scale inside the elevator which reads 525 N. What is the acceleration of the elevator?
66. Mr. Harmon drinks a soda that contians 3.2 kJ of energy. How high up the stairs does the 93.0kg Mr. Harmon need to climb to burn off these calories?
67. Where does the heat go when an object melts from the solid to the liquid phase?
68. How many meters are in 725 nm?
69. Significant Figures are used because
70. A 95 kg man stands on the surface of a planet X with a mass of 4.47 x 1023kg and is located 4.57 x 1016 m away from the sun. Find local g on planet X if the planet has an average radius of 2.37 x 106 meters and the man has a weight of 504 N.
71. What is the acceleration of a 6.0kg block of cheese that slides down a frictionless incled plane with a slope of 35º?
72. Jake pulls a 5.0 kg box with a force of 35 N. What is the coefficient of friction if the box only moves with an acceration of 5.0 m/s?