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Assessment
Study Guide-Force and Motion
Matter in Motion
USING KEY TERMS
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below. Each term may be used only once. Some terms may not be used.
motionvelocityforce
gravityweightspeed
accelerationfrictionmass
1.Any change in position over time is an example of______.
2.The newton is the SI unit of ______.
3.The speed of an object in a particular direction is ______.
4.A force that always acts to oppose motion is ______.
5.An object’s ______can change with its location.
UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS
Write the letter of the correct answer in the space provided.
_____6.What is an object that appears to stay in place that helps you detect motion in another object?
a.a newton c. a lubricant
b.a black hole d. a reference point
_____7.Which is an example of friction that is helpful?
a.friction that causes engine parts to wear out
b.friction between car tires and the road that moves a car forward
c.friction that wears holes in your socks
d.wind causing soil erosion
_____8.To calculate an object’s acceleration, you need to know
a.distance traveled and total time.
b.starting point, endpoint, and the object’s mass.
c.starting velocity, final velocity, and time it takes to change velocity.
d.average speed and direction traveled.
_____9.The force of gravity is greater between two objects that
a.have greater masses. c. are farther apart.
b.have rougher surfaces. d. are moving at greater speed.
Chapter Test B continued
_____ 10. Two forces act on an object. One force has a magnitude of 10 N and is directed toward the north. The other has a magnitude of 5 N directed toward the south. The object experiences a net force of
a.5 N south. c. 50 N north.
b.15 N north. d. 5 N north.
11.Describe two differences between mass and weight.
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12.Describe how to determine average speed.
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13.Describe both speed and velocity, and state the difference between the two.
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14.Describe how unbalanced forces affect both moving objects and nonmoving objects.
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Chapter Test B continued
CRITICAL THINKING
15.A hiker’s initial speed at the bottom of the hill is 1.8 m/s and 1.5 m/s when the hiker reaches the top. It took the hiker 180 s to climb the hill. Explain how to calculate the hiker’s acceleration, including whether it would be positive or negative.
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16.List three ways of reducing friction in everyday life. Then list three examples of friction being helpful in everyday life.
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17.Discuss how the gravitational force of Earth affects you. Include a description of how the gravitational force of the sun affects you as compared to how it affects Earth.
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Chapter Test B continued
18.A student has a weight of 420 N on Earth. Assume that the moon’s gravitational force is exactly 1/6 the gravitational force on Earth. What would be the student’s weight in newtons on the moon? Explain your calculations.
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INTERPRETING GRAPHICS
The following graph shows the distance Kyle traveled on his bicycle trip and the amount of time it took him to travel that distance. Use the graph to answer questions 19 and 20.
19.During which 5-minute interval did Kyle achieve the greatest average speed?
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20.What may have happened in the time period between 10 and 15 minutes?
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Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Science and technology1Matter in Motion