Name: ______

Class: ______Date: ______

Chapter 13 Directed Reading

Plant Processes

Section: Photosynthesis

_____1. Aside from oxygen, which gas is important to plants?

a. ozonec. carbon dioxide

b. nitrogend. other gases

2. What is photosynthesis?

______

______

3. Plants make the sugar ______from carbon dioxide and water.

CAPTURING THE LIGHT ENERGY

4. The pigment in plants that absorbs light energy is called ______.

5. Why are most plants green?

______

______

MAKING SUGAR

6. What happens to the light energy that is captured by chlorophyll?

______

______

7. When photosynthesis takes place, the plant gives off ______gas.

GETTING ENERGY FROM SUGAR

8. Define cellular respiration.

______

______

9. Excess glucose is converted to another type of sugar called ______or stored as ______.

GAS EXCHANGE

Directions: Match the correct description with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided.

______10. a waxy coating that protects the plant from water loss
______11. an opening in a leaf’s epidermis
______12. “double doors” for a stoma
______13. the loss of water from leaves /
  1. stoma
  1. transpiration
  1. cuticle
  1. guard cells

THE IMPORTANCE OF PHOTOSYNTESIS

_____14. The base of nearly all food chains on earth is formed by

  1. chemical energy.
  2. light energy.
  3. photosynthetic organisms.
  4. animals.

15. How do some animals get energy from plants indirectly?

______

______

Section: Reproduction of Flowering Plants

_____1. The largest and most diverse group of plants is

  1. prairie grasses.
  2. trees.
  3. flowering plants
  4. shrubs.

FERTILIZATION

Directions: Match the labels to the parts of the drawing. Write the letter(s) in the spaces.

_____2. anther
_____3. ovary
_____4. ovule
_____5. ovule containing eggs
_____6. pollen / ______7. pollen tube
______8. sperm
______9. stigma
______10. style

11. When pollen is moved from anthers to stigmas, ______takes place.

12. When sperm fuses with the egg inside an ovule, ______takes place.

FROM FLOWER TO FRUIT

13. After fertilization takes place, the ______develops into a seed.

14. After fertilization takes place, the ______becomes a fruit.

FROM SEED TO PLANT

15. What is a dormant seed? ______

16. Define the word germination.

______

______

17. What three things do seeds need in order to sprout?

______

______

______

OTHER METHODS OF REPORDUCTION

Directions: Match the correct description with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided.

______18. above-ground stems from which new plants can grow
______19. tiny plants that grow along the edges of a plant’s leaves and fall off and grow on their own
______20. underground stems from which new plants can grow /
  1. plantlets
  1. tubers
  1. runners

SECTION: Plant Responses to the Environment

1. Name three stimuli to which plants respond.

______

______

______

PLANT TROPISMS

2. What is a tropism?

______

______

3. What is a positive tropism?

______

______

4. What is a negative tropism?

______

______

Directions: For each description listed, write whether it is an example of a positive tropism or negative tropism.

______5. plant growth in response to light.

______6. shoot growth in response to gravity.

______7. root growth in response to gravity.

8. A change in the direction a plant grows that is caused by light is called ______.

9. Plant growth that changes in response to the direction of gravity is called ______.

SEASONAL RESPONSES

10. What would happen if a plant bloomed during a cold winter?

______

______

11. How do plants living in areas with cold winters detect the change in seasons?

______

______

12. Plants that flower when nights are long are called ______

13. Plants that flower when nights are short are called ______

14. What are the characteristics of evergreen trees?

______

______

______

______

______

15. What are the characteristics of deciduous trees?

______

______

______

______

______

Directions: Fore each tree listed, write the whether it is an evergreen tree or a deciduous tree.

______16. maple

______17. oak

______18. pine

______19. elm

______20. holly

21. Why do leaves of some deciduous trees change color in the fall?

______

______

______

______

______

______

Chapter 13—Plant Processes1