History of Muslim Societies Since 1700 Kevin W. Fogg

History of Muslim Societies since 1700 Kevin W. Fogg

History of Muslim Societies, 1700 to the present

(Class leader: Kevin W. Fogg)

This optional paper is designed to think about Muslim societies around the world not just as a religious community but as a social and cultural bloc (identified by Marshall Hodgson as the ‘Islamicate’ world). This lens allows for the study of trends across societies—spread across Asia, the Middle East, Europe and Africa, and in the last centuries in diasporas even further afield—and appreciation of the diversity of the Muslim world in the modern era. The paper will allow students to contrast different Muslim societies over the last three centuries, examine points of confluence for geographically- or culturally-distinct Muslim peoples in the last three centuries, and/or focus on the history of one society in a wider Islamicate context.

General References

Marshall G.S. Hodgson, The venture of Islam: Conscience and history in a world civilization volume III: The gunpowder empires and modern times (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974).

Ira M. Lapidus, A History of Islamic Societies, 2nd ed., (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2002)

Francis Robinson, Atlas of the Islamic World since 1500 (Phaidon, Oxford, 1982)

Francis Robinson, The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World (Cambridge UP, Cambridge, 1996)

Carl Ernst, Following Muhammad: Rethinking Islam in the Contemporary World (University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 2003)

H.A.R. Gibb et al., eds., The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd ed, (Brill, Leiden, 1960- )

M.A.S. Abdel Haleem, trans., The Qur’an (Oxford UP, Oxford, 2004)

1. Theological Renewal and Revival

Key Readings

Ahmad Dallal, ‘The Origins and Objectives of Islamic Revivalist Thought, 1750-1850,’ Journal of the American Oriental Society vol. 113 no. 3 (1993): 341-359.

Albert Hourani, Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age, 1798-1939 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983).

Additional Readings

Hamid Algar, Wahhabism: A Critical Essay (New York: Oneonto, 2002).

Azyumardi Azra, The Origins of Islamic Reformism in Southeast Asia (New South Wales: Asian Studies Association of Australia, 2004).

Hala Fattah, ‘ “Wahhabi” Influences, Salafi Responses: Shaikh Mahmud Shukri and The Iraqi Salafi Movement, 1745–1930’, Journal of Islamic Studies, 14, 2 (2003): 127-148.

Nikkie R. Keddie, Sayyid Jamal al-Din al-Afghani: A Political Biography (Berkeley: U of California P, 1972).

Nehemiah Levtzion and John O. Voll. Eds, Eighteenth-Century Renewal and Reform in Islam (New York: SUNY P, 1987).

Deliar Noer, The Modernist Muslim Movement in Indonesia, 1900-1942 (Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1972).

Madawi al-Rasheed, A History of Saudi Arabia (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), especially chapter 1.

Primary Sources

Rifa`a Rafi` al-Tahtawi, An Imam in Paris: An Account of a Stay in France by an Egyptian Cleric, 1826-1831, Daniel L. Newman, trans. (London: Saqi, 2004).

‘Part I: Early Responses’ in John J. Donohue and John L. Esposito, eds., Islam in Transition: Muslim Perspectives, 2nd ed. (Oxford: Oxford UP, 2007), 7-38.

2. Vernacularization and Orthodoxy

Key Readings

Zvi Ben-Dor Bennite, The Dao of Muhammad: A Cultural History of Muslims in Late Imperial China (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2005).

Rafiuddin Ahmed, The Bengal Muslims 1871-1906: A Quest for Identity (Dehli: Oxford UP, 1981).

Additional Readings

Southeast Asia

Jeffrey Hadler, Muslims and Matriarchs: Cultural Resilience in Indonesia through Jihad and Colonialism (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2008).

Clifford Geertz, The Religion of Java (New York: The Free Press, 1960).

Mitsuo Nakamura, The Crescent Arises over the Banyan Tree 2nd ed. (Singapore: ISEAS, 2012), part I.

M.C. Ricklefs, Polarizing Javanese Society: Islamic and Other Visions (c. 1830-1930) (Honolulu, HI: U of Hawai’i P, 2007).

Sub-Saharan Africa

Louis Brenner, West African Sufi: The Religious Heritage and Spiritual Search of Cerno Bokar Saalif Taal (London: Herst, 1984).

Sean Hanretta, Islam and Social Change in French West Africa (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2009).

Ousman Murzik Kobo, Unveiling Modernity in 20th Century West African Islamic Reforms (Leiden: Brill, 2012).

David Owusu-Ansah, ‘Prayer, Amulets, and Healing,’ in Nehemia Levtzion and Randall L. Pouwels, eds., The History of Islam in Africa (Athens, OH: Ohio UP, 2000).

David Robinson, ‘The Africanization of Islam’, in Muslim Societies in African History (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2004).

Primary Sources

‘Babad Jaka Tingkir in Translation’ in Nancy Florida, Writing the Past, Inscribing the Future: History as Prophesy in Colonial Java (Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1995), 81-245.

3. Islam’s Own States and Empires

Key Readings

Seema Alavi, ‘Introduction’, in The Eighteenth Century in India (New Delhi: Oxford UP, 2007).

Alan Mikhail and Christine Philliou, ‘The Ottoman Empire and the Imperial Turn,’ Comparative Studies in Society and History, 54, 4 (October 2012): 721-745.

David Robinson, The Holy War of Umar Tal (Oxford: Oxford UP, 1985).

Additional Readings

Southeast Asian Polities

Ann Kumar, “Javanese Court Society and Politics in the Late Eighteenth Century: The Record of a Lady Soldier, Part I: The Religious, Social, and Economic Life of the Court,” Indonesia 29 (1980): 1-46.

Anthony Milner, Kerajaan: Malay Political Culture on the Eve of Colonial Rule (Tucson: U of Arizona P, 1982).

Martin van Bruinessen, “Shari'a Court, Tarekat and Pesantren: Religious Institutions in the Banten Sultanate,” Archipel 50 (1995): 165-200.

James Francis Warren, The Sulu Zone, 1768-1898: The Dynamics of External Trade, Slavery, and Ethnicity in the Transformation of a Southeast Asian Maritime State, 2nd ed. (Singapore: NUS Press, 2007).

Mughal Empire

Muzaffar Alam, The Crisis of Empire in Mughal North India, 2nd ed. (New Delhi: Oxford UP, 2013).

Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subrahmanyam, ‘The Political Thought of a Late Eighteenth Century Mughal Prince’ and ‘Epilogue: The Mughals in Exile’, in Writing the Mughal World (New York: Columbia UP, 2012), 429-466 and 467-484.

A. Azfar Moin, The Millenial Sovereign: Sacred Kingship and Sainthood in Islam (New York: Columbia UP, 2012).

John F. Richards, ‘Imperial Decline and Collapse’, in The Mughal Empire (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1993), 253-281.

Qajar Empire

Hamid Algar, ‘Religious Forces in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Iran’, in Peter Avery, Gavin Hambly, and Charles Melville, eds., Cambridge History of Iran, volume 7 (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1991), 705-731.

Abbas Amanat, Pivot of the Universe: Nasir al-Din Shah and the Iranian Monarchy (New York: I.B. Tauris, 2008)

Anne Lambton, Qajar Persia: Eleven Studies (London: Tauris, 1987).

Ottoman Empire

Selim Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains: Ideology and the Legitimation of Power in the Ottoman Empire, 1876-1909 (London: I.B. Tauris, 1998).

Carter V. Findley, Bureaucratic Reform in the Ottoman Empire: The Sublime Porte, 1789-1922 (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1980).

Carter Vaughn Findley, ‘The Ottoman Lands to the Post-First World War Settlement’, in Francis Robinson, ed., The New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), 31-78.

M. Sükrü Hanioğlu, A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire (2008)

Kemal H. Karpat, The Politicisation of Islam: Reconstructing Identity, State, Faith and Community in the Late Ottoman State (Oxford: Oxford UP, 2001).

Anna M. Mirkova, ‘ “Population Politics” at the End of Empire: Migration and Sovereignty in Ottoman Eastern Rumelia, 1877–1886’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 55, 4 (2013): 955-985.

West African States

John H. Hanson, Migration, Jihad, and Muslim Authority in West Africa (Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1996).

M. Hiskett, The Sword of Truth: the Life and Times of Shehu Usuman dan Fodio (New York, 1973).

4. Muslim Societies Face Colonialism

Key Readings

Lisa Pollard, Nurturing the Nation: The Family Politics of Modernizing, Colonizing, and Liberating Egypt, 1805-1923 (Berkeley: U of California P, 2005).

Francis Robinson, ‘The British Empire and the Muslim World’, in J.M. Brown and Wm. Roger Louis eds., The Oxford History of the British Empire, volume 4 (Oxford: Oxford UP, 1999), 398-420.

Paolo Sartori, ‘Constructing Colonial Legality in Russian Central Asia: On Guardianship’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 56, 2 (2014): 419-447.

Additional Readings

Central Asia

Moshe Gammer, Muslim Resistance to the Tsar: Shamil and the Conquest of Chechnia and Dagestan (London: Cass, 1994).

Adeeb Khalid, The Politics of Muslim Cultural Reform: Jadidism in Central Asia (Berkeley: U of California P, 1998).

Adeeb Khalid, ‘Russia, Central Asia and the Caucasus to 1917’, in Francis Robinson, ed., The New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), 180-202.

Anna Zelkina, In Quest for God and Freedom: The Sufi Response to the Russian Advance in the North Caucasus (London: Hurst, 2000).

East Asia

Ho-dong Kim, Holy War in China: The Muslim Rebellion and State in Chinese Central Asia, 1864-1877 (Stanford: Stanford UP, 2004).

Rian Thum, ‘Modular Histories: Identity Maintenance before Uyghur Nationalism’, Journal of Asian Studies, 71, 3 (2012): 627-653.

Southeast Asia

Peter Carey, The Power of Prophecy: Prince Dipanagara and the End of an Old Order in Java, 1785-1855 (Leiden: KITLV, 2008).

Jeffrey Hadler, Muslims and Matriarchs: Cultural Resilience in Indonesia through Jihad and Colonialism (Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP, 2008)

Sartono Kartodirdjo, The Peasants’ Revolt of Banten in 1888 (’S-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1966).

South Asia

Sonia Nishat Amin, The World of Muslim Women in Colonial Bengal, 1876-1939 (Leiden: Brill, 1996).

Nile Green, Bombay Islam: The Religious Economy of the Western Indian Ocean, 1840-1915 (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2011)

Peter Hardy, The Muslims of British India (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1972).

Barbara Metcalf, Islamic Revival in British India: Deoband 1860-1900 (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1982).

Middle East and North Africa

Julia Clancey-Smith, Rebel and Saint: Muslim Notables, Populist Protest, Colonial Encounters (Algeria and Tunisia, 1800-1904) (Berkeley: U of California P, 1994).

Juan Cole, Colonialism and Revolution in the Middle East: Social and Cultural Origins of Egypt’s ‘Urabi Movement (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1993).

Juan Cole, Napoléon's Egypt: Invading the Middle East (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007).

Khaled Fahmy, All the Pasha's Men: Mehmed Ali, His Army, and the Making of Modern Egypt (Cairo: American University in Cairo P, 2002).

P.M. Holt, The Mahdist State in Sudan (Nairobi: Oxford UP, 1977)

Ussama Makdisi,The Culture of Sectarianism: Community, History, and Violence in Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Lebanon (Berkeley: U of California P, 2000).

James McDougall, ‘The secular state’s Islamic empire: Muslim spaces and subjects of jurisdiction in Paris and Algiers, 1905-1957’ Comparative Studies in Society and History 52,3 (2010): 553-80.

Eugene L. Rogan, Frontiers of State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850-1921 (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999).

Sub-Saharan Africa

Roman Loimeier, ‘Africa south of the Sahara to the First World War’, in Francis Robinson, ed., The New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), 269-299.

Muhammad Sani Umar, Islam and Colonialism: Intellectual Responses of Muslims of Northern Nigeria to British Colonial Rule (Leiden: Brill, 2006).

Primary Sources

C. Snouck Hurgronje, Mekka in the Latter Part of the 19th Century (Leiden: Brill, 2007).

5. Muslim Societies Exit Colonialism

Key Readings

Felicitas Becker, Becoming Muslim in Mainland Tanzania, 1890-2000: The Spread of Islam Beyond the Indian Ocean Coast (Oxford: Oxford UP, 2008).

Michael Francis Laffan, Islamic Nationhood and Colonial Indonesia: The Umma Below the Winds (New York: Routledge, 2003).

Ayesha Jalal, The Sole Spokesman: Jinnah, the Muslim League, and the Demand for Pakistan (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1994).

Erez Manela, The Wilsonian Moment: Self-Determination and the International Origins of Anticolonial Nationalism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), Part II, ch. 3 (‘The Internationalization of Nationalism’ and ‘President Wilson Arrives in Cairo’)

Additional Readings

East Asia

Dru C. Gladney, ‘Islam in China from the First World War’, in Francis Robinson, ed., The New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), 659-685.

Justin Jon Rudelson, Oasis Identities: Uyghur Nationalism along China’s Silk Road (New York: Columbia UP, 1997).

Southeast Asia

Chiara Formichi, Islam and the Making of the Nation: Kartosuwiryo and Political Islam in Twentieth-Century Indonesia (Leiden: KITLV, 2012).

Anthony Milner, The Invention of Politics in Colonial Malaya: Contesting Nationalism and the Expansion of the Public Sphere (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1995).

South Asia

David Gilmartin, Empire and Islam: Punjab and the Making of Pakistan (London: Tauris, 1988).

Javed Majeed, Muhammad Iqbal: Islam, Aesthetics and Postcolonialism (London: Routledge, 2009).

Middle East and North Africa

Ervand Abrahamian, Iran Between Two Revolutions (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1982).

Ali Ansari, The Politics of Nationalism in Modern Iran (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2009).

Said Amir Arjomand, ed., From Nationalism to Revolutionary Islam (Albany: SUNY P, 1984).

Michael Ezekiel Gaspar, The Power of Representation: Publics, Peasants, and Islam in Egypt (Stanford: Stanford UP, 2009).

Rashid Khalidi, ed., The Origins of Arab Nationalism (New York: Columbia University Press, 1991)

M. Sait Özervarlı, ‘Intellectual Foundations and Transformations in an Imperial City: Istanbul from the Late Ottoman to the Early Republican Periods’, Muslim World, 103, 4 (2013): 518-534.

Michael Provence, The Great Syrian Revolt and the Rise of Arab Nationalism (Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2005).

Elizabeth Thompson, Colonial Citizens: Republican Rights, Paternal Privilege, and Gender in French Syria and Lebanon (New York: Columbia UP, 2000).

Sub-Saharan Africa

John H. Hanson, ‘Africa south of the Sahara from the First World War’, in Francis Robinson, ed., The New Cambridge History of Islam, volume 5 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), 623-658.

Ousmane Kane, Muslim Modernity in Postcolonial Nigeria: A study of the Society for the Removal of Innovation and Reinstatement of Tradition (Boston, MA: Brill, 2003)

Primary Sources

Taj Al-Saltana, Crowning Anguish: Memoirs of a Persian Princess from the Harem to Modernity 1884-1914, Abbas Amanat, ed., Anna Vanzan and Amin Neshati, trans. (Washington, DC: Mage, 1993).

6. Islam and Modernity: Socialism, Feminism, Islamism, Democracy

Key Readings

Ousmane Kane, ‘Islamism: What is New, What is Not? Lessons from West Africa,’ African Journal of International Affairs 11, no. 2 (2008):157-187.

Carool Kersten, Cosmopolitans and Heretics: New Muslim Intellectuals and the Study of Islam (London: Hurst, 2011).

Afsaneh Najmabadi, Women with Mustaches and Men without Beards: Gender and Sexual Anxieties of Iranian Modernity (Berkeley: U of California P, 2005).

Additional Readings

Sergei Abashin, ‘A Prayer for Rain: Practising Being Soviet and Muslim’, Journal of Islamic Studies 25, 2 (2014): 178-200.

Fouad Ajami, The Vanished Imam: Musa Al Sadr and the Shia of Lebanon (Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1986).