NAME ______
Unit 4- Birth Defects Study Guide
Section 1- Birth Defects
1. Every couple has a ____% risk of having a child with a birth defect.
2. Most major birth defects occur during which period of the pregnancy?
3. Most birth defects can be identified by the _____ day of pregnancy.
4. ______is the term used to describe an abnormally formed body part or organ.
5. A chemical agent or factor which can harm a developing embryo or fetus is called a ______.
6. ______describe the package that contains our genetic information.
7. Another word used to describe something that is inherited or handed down biologically ______.
8. List three of the five causes for birth defects.
9. A single birth defect can have a significant impact on not only the individual, but also the family. Evaluate the impact that this can have on the following areas:
Medical-
Emotional-
Financial-
Section 2- Folic Acid- The Miracle Vitamin?
10. The embryonic structure that later becomes the brain and spinal cord is known as the ______.
11. ______is the neural tube defect that involves a partial or complete absence of the brain.
12. Most neural tube defects are due to ______and ______factors.
13. Folic acid has been show to reduce the chances for a neural tube defect by ______%.
14. The neural tube should be closed by day _____ of the pregnancy.
15. Neural tube defects affect approximately 1 out of every ______babies each year.
16. Identify four foods that are good sources of folic acid.
17. Summarize the two major roles of folic acid.
18. Name three factors that may increase your risk for having a baby with a neural tube defect.
19. Explain why it would be important for a woman who is planning on becoming pregnant to begin taking folic acid on a daily basis.
Section3- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome-There is No Excuse!
20. T or F A woman who consumes the same amount of alcohol as a man will very likely have a higher blood alcohol concentration.
21. Alcohol gets passed into the bloodstream of the fetus, through what?
22. What condition is used to describe a set of physical, cognitive, and behavioral abnormalities that occur together as a result of exposure to alcohol during pregnancy?
23. Alcohol is an example of a ______, which is a chemical agent or factor which can harm a developing embryo or fetus.
24. The ______is the main organ that is vulnerable to alcohol exposure during pregnancy, and is greatly affected if alcohol is consumed.
25. The average IQ of a child with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is ______.
26. What physical facial characteristics are associated with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?
Section 4- Tobacco: No Smoking Allowed!
27. T or F Nicotine and other chemicals in cigarette smoke can be found in every body tissue type.
28. The baby’s birth weight will likely be normal if the mother stops smoking before what week of pregnancy?
29. Smoking during pregnancy causes the fetus to receive a lower amount of ______and ______.
30. Smoking during pregnancy, increases the babies risk for ______, a condition in which the baby dies suddenly and without warning.