Respiratory System Study Guide
1. What are the functions of the nasal cavity?
2. What is the name of the area of the throat that is sued for respiration only?
3. What is the name of the voice box?
4. The thyroid cartilage or Adam’s apple is located where?
5. What is the name of the smooth muscle tube that contains C rings made of cartilage and has cilia that beat upward?
6. What is the name of the smallest respiratory passageways in the lungs?
7. What closes off the lumen of the larynx when swallowing?
8. Where is the actual site of gas exchange?
9. The pleural membrane layer covering the surface of the lungs is the:
10. What primary muscle is responsible for breathing?
11. The mechanics of pulmonary ventilation is based on the law P1V1= P2V2. What law is this?
12. What drives the movement of gasses down a concentration gradient?
13. A non-respiratory air movement involving a sudden inspiration resulting from spasms of the diaphragm is called a:
14. When the diaphragm contracts, air
a. rushes out of the lungs c. rushes out of the nose
b. rushes into the lungs d. all of the above
15. What occurs when the diaphragm relaxes?
16. What happens to the pressure inside the lungs when the diaphragm contracts?
17. What happens to the lung volume when the diaphragm contracts?
18. What happens to the internal volume of the thorax when the diaphragm contracts?
19. Where will the carbon dioxide go if the alveolar air PCO2 is 40, and the plasma PCO2 is 45? What type of respiration is this an example of?
20. The exchange of oxygen between the arteries and tissue capillaries is the:
21. The PCO2 of the veins is
a. higher than the PCO2 of air c. lower than the PCO2 of air
b. lower than the PCO2 of arteries d. all of the above
22. What is the name of the air in the respiratory passages that doesn’t contribute to gas exchange?
23. What is the term for the amount of air that can still be exhaled forcibly after normal exhalation?
24. What is carbon dioxide primarily carried by?
25. Control of respiration in the nervous system is centered where?
26. If someone holds their breath, they will be forced to inhale when:
27. If a person hyperventilates during an anxiety attack, the blood could show signs of what?
28. Surfactant helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing by:
29. Know the characteristics for the diseases cystic fibrosis and tuberculosis
30. Know the signs/symptoms of hypocapnia, atelectasis, and asthma
Be able to identify the following on the graph for lung volumes:
-residual volume
-inspiratory reserve volume
-expiratory reserve volume
-tidal volume
-vital capacity