Biology QUIZ: Chapter 8 (Photosynthesis) and Chapter 9 (Cellular Respiration)
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____1.Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called
a. / autotrophs.b. / heterotrophs.
c. / thylakoids.
d. / pigments.
____2.Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from the foods they eat are called
a. / autotrophs.b. / heterotrophs.
c. / thylakoids.
d. / plants.
____3.What are the three parts of an ATP molecule?
a. / adenine, thylakoids, stromab. / stroma, grana, chlorophyll
c. / adenine, ribose, phosphate
d. / NADH, NADPH, and FADH2
____4.Energy is released from ATP when
a. / a phosphate group is added.b. / adenine bonds to ribose.
c. / ATP is exposed to sunlight.
d. / a phosphate group is removed.
____5.Suppose Priestley repeated his experiment using many kinds of plants besides mint, and that when different plants were placed under the jar, the candle remained lighted for different periods of time. What would be a logical conclusion from these experiments?
a. / Different plants require different amounts of water.b. / Different plants release different amounts of carbon dioxide.
c. / Different plants require different amounts of light.
d. / Different plants release different amounts of oxygen.
____6.A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at a temperature of 27°C. The gas being collected is probably
a. / oxygen.b. / carbon dioxide.
c. / ATP.
d. / vaporized water.
____7.Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
a. / oxygen.b. / high-energy sugars.
c. / ATP and oxygen.
d. / oxygen and high-energy sugars.
____8.Which of the following are used in the overall reactions for photosynthesis?
a. / carbon dioxideb. / water
c. / light
d. / all of the above
____9.In the overall equation for photosynthesis, six molecules of carbon dioxide result in six molecules of
a. / glucose.b. / water.
c. / oxygen.
d. / ATP.
____10.Plants gather the sun’s energy with light-absorbing molecules called
a. / pigments.b. / thylakoids.
c. / chloroplasts.
d. / glucose.
____11.Plants take in the sun’s energy by absorbing
a. / high-energy sugars.b. / chlorophyll a.
c. / chlorophyll b.
d. / sunlight.
____12.Most plants appear green because chlorophyll
a. / does not absorb green light.b. / reflects violet light.
c. / absorbs green light.
d. / none of the above
____13.A granum is a
a. / stack of chloroplasts.b. / stack of thylakoids.
c. / membrane enclosing a thylakoid.
d. / photosynthetic pigment molecule.
____14.The stroma is the space that surrounds
a. / thylakoids.b. / chloroplasts.
c. / plant cells.
d. / all of the above
____15.Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found?
a. / in the stromab. / in the thylakoid
c. / in the ATP
d. / in the glucose
____16.Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?
a. / in the stromab. / outside the chloroplasts
c. / in the thylakoid membranes
d. / only in chlorophyll molecules
____17.What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
a. / oxygen gasb. / ATP
c. / NADPH
d. / all of the above
____18.Which of the following is inside the thylakoid membrane?
a. / electron transport chainb. / photosystem I
c. / ATP synthase
d. / all of the above
____19.If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant’s environment, what would you expect to happen to the plant’s production of high-energy sugars?
a. / More sugars will be produced.b. / Fewer sugars will be produced.
c. / The same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide.
d. / Carbon dioxide does not affect the production of high-energy sugars in plants.
____20.Which of the following affects the rate of photosynthesis?
a. / waterb. / temperature
c. / light intensity
d. / all of the above
____21.If you continue to increase the intensity of light that a plant receives, what happens?
a. / The rate of photosynthesis increases with light intensity.b. / The rate of photosynthesis decreases with light intensity.
c. / The rate of photosynthesis increases and then levels off.
d. / The rate of photosynthesis does not change.
Figure 8-2
____22.Which of the graphs in Figure 8-2 represents the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis?
a. / Ab. / B
c. / C
d. / D
____23.Which of the graphs in Figure 8-2 represents the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis?
a. / Ab. / B
c. / C
d. / D
____24.Which of the following is released during cellular respiration?
a. / oxygenb. / air
c. / energy
d. / lactic acid
____25.Cellular respiration uses one molecule of glucose to produce
a. / 2 ATP molecules.b. / 34 ATP molecules.
c. / 36 ATP molecules.
d. / 38 ATP molecules.
____26.What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a. / 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energyb. / 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy 6CO2 + 6H2O
c. / 6CO2 + 6H2O 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d. / 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy 6O2 + C6H12O6
____27.What is the correct equation for photosynthesis?
a. / 6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energyb. / 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy 6CO2 + 6H2O
c. / 6CO2 + 6H2O 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d. / 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy 6O2 + C6H12O6
____28.Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down
a. / food molecules.b. / ATP.
c. / carbon dioxide.
d. / water.
____29.What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?
a. / oxygen and lactic acidb. / carbon dioxide and water
c. / glucose and oxygen
d. / water and glucose
____30.Which of these is a product of cellular respiration?
a. / oxygenb. / water
c. / glucose
d. / all of the above
____31.The two main types of fermentation are called
a. / alcoholic and aerobic.b. / aerobic and anaerobic.
c. / alcoholic and lactic acid.
d. / lactic acid and anaerobic.
____32.Which process is used to produce beer and wine?
a. / lactic acid fermentationb. / glycolysis
c. / alcoholic fermentation
d. / the Krebs cycle
____33.Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it requires
a. / light.b. / exercise.
c. / oxygen.
d. / glucose.
____34.Which organism is NOT likely to carry out cellular respiration?
a. / treeb. / mushroom
c. / anaerobic bacterium
d. / tiger
____35.The electron transport chain can be found in
a. / prokaryotes.b. / animals.
c. / plants.
d. / all of the above
____36.In eukaryotes, electron transport occurs in the
a. / mitochondria.b. / chloroplasts.
c. / cell membrane.
d. / cytoplasm.
____37.Breathing heavily after running a race is your body’s way of
a. / making more citric acid.b. / repaying an oxygen debt.
c. / restarting glycolysis.
d. / recharging the electron transport chain.
____38.When the body needs to exercise for longer than 90 seconds, it generates ATP by carrying out
a. / lactic acid fermentation.b. / alcoholic fermentation.
c. / cellular respiration.
d. / glycolysis.
____39.If you want to control your weight, how long should you exercise aerobically each time that you exercise?
a. / at least 90 secondsb. / less than 15 minutes
c. / 15 to 20 minutes
d. / more than 20 minutes
____40.Which process does NOT release energy from glucose?
a. / glycolysisb. / photosynthesis
c. / fermentation
d. / cellular respiration
____41.How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis almost opposite processes?
a. / Photosynthesis releases energy, and cellular respiration stores energy.b. / Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration puts it back.
c. / Photosynthesis removes oxygen from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration puts it back.
d. / all of the above
____42.Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to
a. / chloroplasts.b. / cytoplasm.
c. / mitochondria.
d. / nuclei.
____43.Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in
a. / animal cells only.b. / plant cells only.
c. / all but plant cells.
d. / all eukaryotic cells.
____44.Plants cannot release energy from glucose using
a. / glycolysis.b. / photosynthesis.
c. / the Krebs cycle.
d. / cellular respiration.
____45.The products of photosynthesis are the
a. / products of cellular respiration.b. / reactants of cellular respiration.
c. / products of glycolysis.
d. / reactants of fermentation.
Other
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
A student prepared two beakers with identical sprigs of a water plant as shown below. She placed one beaker in the shade and the other beaker beside a fluorescent lamp. She then systematically changed the distance of the beaker from the lamp. She counted the bubbles given off by each sprig of the water plant. Shown here is the graph of the data for the beaker she placed in the light.
Figure 8-446.Controlling Variables Which beaker is the student’s control?
a. the one in direct sunlightc. the one in the shade
b. the one in the fluorescent lightd. a control is not needed
47.Applying Concepts Look at Figure 8-4. If the student later tested the air bubbles collected in the test tube, what would she find they are made of?
a. carbon dioxideb. nitrogenc. oxygend. air
48.Using Tables and Graphs Look at the graph in Figure 8-4. At what distance from the light source was the greatest number of bubbles produced?
a. o cmb. 5 cmc. 10 cmd. 15 cm
49.Analyzing Data Look at the graph in Figure 8-4. What do the student’s data show?
a. The student’s data show that as the light gets closer to the water plant, the water plant gives off more bubbles.
b. The student’s data show that as the light gets farther from the water plant, the water plant gives off more bubbles.
c. The distance does not matter.
50.Predicting If the lamp were placed closer than 5 centimeters from the water plant, would the plant give off many more bubbles?
a. yesb. no
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Figure 8-6
51.Interpreting Graphics What process is shown in Figure 8-6?
a. cellular respirationb. digestionc. photosynthesisd. circulation
52.Interpreting Graphics What structure is shown in Figure 8-6?
a. the nucleusb. rough ERc. cytoplasmd. a chloroplast
53.Interpreting Graphics Look at Figure 8-6. What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
a. oxygen gasb. ATPc. NADPHd. all of the above
54.Interpreting Graphics What are the products of the Calvin cycle shown in Figure 8-6?
a. proteinsb. lipidsc. sugars
55.Interpreting Graphics In Figure 8-6, what chemical is converted to sugar?
a. oxygenb. energyc. carbon dioxided. none of the above
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
A scientist set up a respiration chamber as shown below. She placed a mouse in flask B. Into flasks A, C, and D, she poured distilled water mixed with the acid-base indicator phenolphthalein. In the presence of CO2, phenolphthalein turns from pink to clear. She allowed the mouse to stay in the chamber for about an hour.
Figure 9-2
56.Inferring Based on the equation for cellular respiration and the setup shown in Figure 9-2, what substance(s) would you expect the mouse in flask B to give off?
a. oxygenb. nitrogenc. carbon dioxided. sugar
57.Interpreting Graphics What will the mouse require to carry out cellular respiration?
a. oxygenb. carbon dioxidec. nitrogend. none of the above
58.Interpreting Graphics Based on Figure 9-2, how will the scientist be able to detect whether the mouse is carrying out cellular respiration?
a. If the mouse is carrying out cellular respiration, it will give off CO2, the CO2 will flow into flask A, and the phenolphthalein in flask A will change from pink to clear.
b. If the mouse is carrying out cellular respiration, it will give off O2, the O2 will flow into flask A, and the phenolphthalein in flask A will change from pink to clear.
c. If the mouse is carrying out cellular respiration, it will give off N2, theN2 will flow into flask A, and the phenolphthalein in flask A will change from pink to clear.
d. It is impossible to tell if the mouse is carrying out cellular respiration.
59.Applying Concepts Assume that the scientist set up an identical respiration chamber, except that in this setup she placed a cricket in flask B instead of a mouse. At the end of one hour, she measured the amount of CO2 given off by the cricket and the mouse. A small amount of CO2 had been given off by the mouse, but little to no CO2 had been given off by the cricket. Was the cricket undergoing cellular respiration?
a. The cricket, like all living organisms, is not carrying out cellular respiration. However, the mouse is larger than the cricket and gives off less CO2 than the cricket.
b. The cricket, like all living organisms, is carrying out cellular respiration. However, the mouse is larger than the cricket and gives off more CO2 than the cricket.
c. Neither animal is carrying out cellular respiration.
60.Predicting Assume that the scientist set up an identical respiration chamber, except that in this setup she placed a mouse that had been exercising on a hamster wheel. Then, the scientist measured the amount of CO2 given off by both mice at the end of 15 minutes. Predict which setup produced the most CO2.
a. The mouse that had been exercising should give less more CO2 because this mouse will be breathing more heavily.
b. The mouse that had been exercising should give off more CO2 because this mouse will be breathing less heavily.
c. The mouse that had been exercising should give off more CO2 because this mouse will be breathing more heavily.
d. The exercise has no effect on the amount of CO2 given off.
USING SCIENCE SKILLS
A student poured a solution of bromthymol blue indicator into three test tubes. Then, he placed an aquatic plant in two of the test tubes, as shown below. He placed a stopper on each test tube and placed them all in the dark for 24 hours. Bromthymol blue turns from blue to yellow in the presence of CO2.
Figure 9-4
61.Applying Concepts Look at Figure 9-4. Which process or processes would you expect the organisms in the test tubes to carry out—cellular respiration, photosynthesis, or both? When would you expect each process to occur?
a. When exposed to light, the aquatic plants will carry out both cellular respiration and photosynthesis. After a time in the dark, the plants will carry out only cellular respiration.
b. When exposed to light, the aquatic plants will carry out both cellular respiration and photosynthesis. After a time in the dark, the plants will carry out only photosynthesis.
c. When exposed to light, the aquatic plants will carry out neither cellular respiration nor photosynthesis.
62.Inferring What is the purpose of the bromthymol blue in Figure 9-4?
a. The purpose of the indicator is to detect the presence of oxygen.
b. The purpose of the indicator is to detect the presence of hydrogen.
c. The purpose of the indicator is to detect the presence of nitrogen.
d. The purpose of the indicator is to detect the presence of carbon dioxide.
63.Predicting Predict what will happen to the test tubes in Figure 9-3 after 24 hours in the dark.
a. The solution in test tubes 2 and 3 will turn yellow because the plants will give off CO2 from cellular respiration but will not use it up through photosynthesis.
b. The solution in test tubes 2 and 3 will turn green because the plants will give off CO2 from cellular respiration but will not use it up through photosynthesis.
c. There will be no color change.
64.Predicting Assume that after 24 hours in the dark, the bromthymol blue in test tubes 2 and 3 in Figure 9-3 had turned yellow. The student then placed test tube 3 in a sunny window. He left test tube 2 in the dark. Predict what color the solution in each test tube will be after the next 24 hours.
a. After another 24 hours, test tube 2 will still be blue. Test tube 3 will be yellow.
b. After another 24 hours, test tube 2 will still be yellow. Test tube 3 will be blue again.
c. There will be no change.
65.Applying Concepts Explain your prediction in question 67 in terms of cellular respiration and/or photosynthesis. Is the following explanation a valid answer:
The plant in test tube 2 remained in the dark and was not able to carry out photosynthesis, so it did not use up carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide keeps the bromthymol blue yellow. However, the plant in test tube 3 was in the light, where it could carry out photosynthesis. This plant took in carbon dioxide, which turned the color of the bromthymol blue back to blue.
a. yesb. no