National Programme
Of
Mid Day Meal in Schools
[MDMS]
Annual Work Plan & Budget
2009-10
State: Chhattisgarh
Mid Day Meal Programme
Annual Work Plan and Budget
2009-10
1. Introduction:
1.1 Brief history, objectives and rational of Mid Day Meal Programme
Ø ‘Mid-Day-Meal Programme and its concept regarding nutritional support to Primary Education is not new in India because way back in 1925 when Madras Municipal Corporation started a school lunch Programme and first time Mid-Day-Meal Programme’ was introduced for disadvantaged children in Chennai (Madras) Municipal Corporation. However it was only in 1995, Mid-Day-Meal Programme was launched at the National level in order to provide nutritional support to students in Primary schools. The objective of Mid-Day-Meal Scheme was to give boost to universalization of Primary Education and to impact the nutrition of students in primary classes. Mid-Day-Meal Programme was first initiated in Chhattisgarh in 1943 when erstwhile Koriya Princely State provided Gur-Chana meals in all the 18 Schools existing at that time in Koriya. In the State of Chhattisgarh, which was a part of Madhya Pradesh, Under ‘Mid Day Meal Programme’ Hot cooked Meal was being provided to children in tribal areas only. By 1990-91, Madhya Pradesh including the Chhattisgarh-Region was implementing the ‘Mid Day Meal Programme’ with its own resources on large scale. Mid-Day-Meal Scheme of giving cooked hot meals was started on 2nd October 1995 in the undivided state of Madhya Pradesh Since Mid 1990s the tribal blocks provided hot cooked food to the children and the Mid-Day-Meal programme got universalized in all state run government, aided and local bodies primary schools in 2001i.e. after the Supreme Court ruling in SLP writ petition No 196 and passed an interim order dated 28.11.2001.
Ø It is true fact that ‘Mid Day Meal Programme’ exerts a positive influence on enrolment and attendance in schools. A hungry child is likely to attend school irregularly. Chronic hunger can lead to mal-nutrition and with a view to enhancing enrolment retention and attendance and simultaneously improving nutritional levels among children. Mid Day Meal Programme is a very important in education sector. Since inception of National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education (NP-NSPE) i.e. way back in 1995, only free food grains of 3 kilograms per child/month were given till 31st March 2002. Chhattisgarh started serving cooked hot meal in all the primary schools from 1st April 2002.
Ø Cooked meal was served in all Primary school in M.P. till 31st March 1997. Whereas free food grain was given by GOI. State Government spent 0.75 paise per beneficiary per day as conversion cost.
The State of Madhya Pradesh stopped giving cooked Mid- Day- Meal in Primary Schools of Community Development Blocks from April 1997. Whereas cooked meal was still served in Tribal Development Blocks. In Community Development Blocks food grains @ 100 gms/day for20 days in a month was given through Fair Price Shops.
Ø Consequent to the order of Supreme Court of India in SLP No. 196/2001 dated 28th November 2001, Chhattisgarh started serving cooked hot meal in all Primary Schools from 1st April 2002. Conversion cost was kept at 75 paise.
Ø Later on, conversion cost was increased to Rs 1/day on 23rd Feb 2004.
Ø From September 2004, Government of India decided to give Rs1/beneficiary/day as conversion cost. In the state level continues to give Rs1/beneficiary/day. Thus increasing the conversion cost of Rs. 2/ beneficiary/day.
Ø Mid-Day-Meal Programme’s revised guidelines of NP-NSPE 2006 as earlier it was known by name as National Programme for Nutritional Support to Primary Education but presently is known as National Programme for Mid-Day-Meal, increase the conversion cost per child per day @ Rs 1.50, in order to increase nutritional level of the students and indeed Chhattisgarh is only state in India where state’s share is remain Rs1.00 i.e. 60-40 ratio and Rs2.50/child/day is the conversion cost in the state.
Ø Since July 2008, Government of India raised cooking cost by 8 paise and 10 paise per child per day for Primary and Upper-Primary Schools respectively and now cooking cost is Rs2.58 for primary and Rs 2.60 for Upper-Primary.
Process of Plan Formulation
Plan Preparation activities are the base of the plan, the Department is expected to develop Mid-Day-Meal Plan in order to achieve the goal of necessary nutritious and quality cooked food to the children of Primary and Upper- Primary schools. However, before the preparation of Annual Work Plan & Budget 2009-10, every implementing agency is supposed to undertake various activities known as “Pre-Plan Activities.” It is necessary to analyze the exact problem and shortcomings of the objective areas specially the focused areas before preparing a plan. For this Directorate of Public Instruction Raipur, Chhattisgarh has undertaken a relevant date of target groups in the form of enrolment from the district. Similarly in convergence with food department, the exact situation of food grains and buffer stock has also been taken. Apart from this a system has also been devised for the dissemination of information. This is the first time i.e. after the letter received from GOI regarding the preparation of the AWP&B of 2009-10, conducted the 4 days training programme for all 16 districts on 6th, 7th, 9th & 12th January 2009 to comprehend the tables of costing and information to be filled accordingly as per GOI guidelines, because in Chhattisgarh State all officials are facing problem in understanding the tables of English version.
Demographic profile of the State
Chhattisgarh region popularly known as ” The Rice Bowl Of India became the 26th state of the Country on 1st November 2000 after separated from the largest state of Country Madhya Pradesh. The newly state possess ample of variations in physical and cultural features and is trying to achieve rapid progress in its economic spheres and because of rapid development and in terms of per capital income ranks second in the country after Andhra Pradesh.
Chhattisgarh, when it became new state was made up of 16 very large districts, but now two new districts have been formed i.e. Bijapur separated from Dantewada and Narayanpur from Bastar districts, so in total 18 districts are in Chhattisgarh. However developmental activities in these two Districts, including MDM are being implemented by Zila Panchayat as of original Districts of Dantewada and Bastar respectively. It is bound by the North by Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand, in the east by Orissa, in the South by Andhra Pradesh and in the West by Madhya Pradesh and Maharastra. Chhattisgarh is the ninth largest state in India with an area of approximately 135000 sq Km, bigger than states such as Tamilnadu. In terms of populations, Chhattisgarh ranks 17th in the country, 32% and 12% of the state’s population comprises of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes respectively.
The Demographic features of the State can be seen in the table below:-
Indicators / In State / In Country / RemarksArea / 135000 sq kms / 9th
North South Length / 360 km
East West Length / 140 Km
Capital / Raipur
High Court / Bilaspur
Railway Zone / Bilaspur
No of Divisions / 3
No of Districts / 18
No of Tahsils / 98
No of Development Blocks / 146
No of Tribal Blocks / 85
No of Community Blocks / 61
No Towns / 100
No of Corporations / 10
No of Villages / 20308
No of Panchayats / 9820
Percentages of Forests / 44.20%
Main Crop / Paddy
Total irrigated Area / 21.67%
Net Sown Area / 51.57%
Loksabha Seat / 11
Vidhansabha Seat / 90
Rajyasabha Seat / 5
Vidhansabha Seat / 5
Population / 20795956
Rural Population / 82.61% / 72.22%
Urban Population / 17.39% / 27.78%
Population Density / 154 / 324
Population Growth / 18.06% / 21.34%
Sex Ratio / 990 / 933
Literacy / 65.18% / 64.80%
Literacy-Male / 77.86% / 75.30%
Literacy-Female / 52.40% / 53.70%
Scheduled Caste Population / 12.19% / 16.20%
Scheduled Tribe Population / 32.46% / 8.20%
Largest District in area / Sarguja
Smallest District in area / Dhamtari
Highest Population / Raipur
Lowest Population / Kabirdham
REGISTERED Industries / 375
Total no Tribes / 42
Main Religion / Hindu
Engineering College
Medical College / 3
Dental College / 3
Other College / 130
University / 7
Higher Secondary Schools / 2079
Secondary Schools / 1953
Upper Primary Schools / 32763
Primary Schools / 32763
State Tree / Sarai
State Bird / Pahari Maina
State Animal / Van Bhaisa
Education plays an important role in the development of manpower. The Government is spending considerable amount of its limited resources to provide educational facilities all over the state. Free and compulsory education up to the age of 14 years is the constitutional rights and it is estimated that about 20% of the total population is belong to the age group of 6 to 14 years.
In rural part of the State where most of the children are from low socio-economic strata of society and generally suffer from under nutrition and due to this reason they drop out from schools at an early age and it is all because of poor nutritional status of the children which leads to child labor and poor socio-economic condition. Nutrition support to primary education and in order to achieve the objective of providing free and compulsory education to all the children in the age group of 6 to 14 years, it became very necessary to provide Mid-Day-Meal to the children by giving a boost to universalisation of primary education through increased enrollment, improved children attendance and retention and promoting nutritional status of primary school children juxtaposedly.
The adoption of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) as a National Policy, has contributed to this and also a number of Self Help Groups(SHG) and other women’s groups are active and several NGOs are willing to participate. The media is, at present, highlighting the need for strengthening such programme. In consonance with the National policy, Mid-Day-Meal encourages social interaction between different communities and thus contributes to social equity. The universalized mid-day-meal scheme now covers nearly 12 crore children in the country making it perhaps the world’s largest school feeding programme, However, issues pertaining to regularity and quality of meal continue to evoke concern, necessitating new approaches to monitoring and supervision. One effective intervention could be to empower mothers to watch feeding of the children. The physical presence of at least one mother (or more than one, wherever possible) could ensure that a good quality meal is served every day without interruption. This would lessen dependence on monitoring through external supervisors/inspectors who are anyway unable to oversee all schools on a daily basis, given the magnitude of the programme.
1.3 Social and economic indicators in the State, including literacy rates, health indicators(IMR,MMR),sex ratio, poverty ratio, etc.
Education forms the backbone of any social and economic development initiative, Chhattisgarh has healthy improvement in its literacy rate over the last decade and remarkable improvement in literacy rate i.e. almost doubled in the same period, the male literacy is higher than the national average. The literacy rates in Chhattisgarh compares better than most of its six neighbors. Chhattisgarh is committed to its agenda of imparting education to all and allocated a significant share of its plan outlay for this sector. Chhattisgarh has to traverse a long path to achieve the targets, it has set for itself, where in Chhattisgarh would universalize Primary Education and carve a niche for itself by creating regional best-in-class education infrastructure. The indicators in the state are as follows-
1 Health Indicators A-IMR 60 per thousand of live birth.
B-MMR
2 Sex ratio 989 female per thousand males
3 Poverty ratio 43%
1.4 Nutrition status, including data on malnutrition, anemia, vitamin A, other micro-nutrient deficiencies, etc.
On August 15, 1995, the Government of India launched a major initiative, the National Programme for Nutritional Support to Primary Education. The objective of the programme is to give a boost to Universalization of Primary Education, by increasing enrolment, retention & attendance and simultaneously impacting on nutrition of students in Primary Education.
Management Structure for Implementation of Mid-Day-Meal Programme in Chhattisgarh State.
The success of the Mid Day Meal Programme revolves around the manner in which it is implemented at the school. Gram Panchayat and village education committees play an important role for the success of Mid Day Meal Programme. Gram Panchayats and VEC may be approached community members to help the school management in ensuring efficient cooking, serving and cleaning operation.
Teacher should under no circumstance, be assigned responsibilities that will interfere with teaching learning. Teachers should be involved in ensuring that :
(i) Good quality and whole some food is served.
(ii) That actual serving and eating is undertaken in a spirit of togetherness and hygienic conditions.
(iii) Entire process is completed in 30-40 minutes
Community members are actively coming forward after awareness programme was conducted throughout the state during the month of October 2008 for the implementation of the Mid-Day-Meal Programme.
The Nodal Department at the state level is School Education Department and for effective implementation of this scheme, “A Mid –Day-Meal Cell has been established and since 23rd July 2007 the Cell looks after State' A Mid –Day-Meal Programme with minimum staff under the direction of Commissioner, Directorate of Public Instruction. Raipur.
Salient Features of Scheme Implementation in the year 2007-08 & 2008-09
● Provisioning of Central Assistance of Rs 33.42 Crore of the year 2006-07 for the construction of 5568 Kitchen-Shed in second supplement budget of 2007-08 and out of which 3341 are completed and rest of the number are in progress.
● In Chhattisgarh, Mid-Day Meal Programme has been introduced in Upper-Primary Schools from 1st October 2007 in 74 EBB (Economically Backward Blocks) out of 146 Blocks of the State for which a central assistance of Rs 36.09 Crore received for the construction of 6016 Kitchen-Shed and the current status of construction of the sheds i.e. 2406 kitchen-shed are completed and rest are in progress.
● Provisioning of Central Assistance of Rs 11.98 Crore of the year 2006-07 for utensil and other necessary kitchen appliance in second supplement budget of 2007-08 and out of which 22400 Primary Schools are provided utensils and other necessary things demanded by the school.