S3 Physics
Solutions to S3 Exam
Revision Pack
Section 1 – 30 questions
1 / B2 / E
3 / D
4 / B
5 / C
6 / E
7 / C
8 / B
9 / D
10 / E *
11 / D
12 / C
13 / C
14 / E
15 / E
16 / D
17 / B
18 / B
19 / B
20 / A
21 / E
22 / C
23 / C
24 / D
25 / A
26 / A
27 / C
28 / E
29 / C
30 / A
* Question 10 is taken from an Int 2 past paper where gNeptune = 12 Nkg-1.
Section 2 – 30 questions
1 / (a) / ddifference = 10 – 3.2 = 6.8 md = vt
6.8 = 340 x t
t = 6.8 / 340
t = 0.02 s
(Could also work out two times, then subtract one from the other to get 0.02 s)
(b) / The difference in finishing times was only 0.01 s (13.12 – 13.11 s).
However, the runner in lane 6 did not hear the starting pistol until 0.02 s later, and so therefore completed the race in a shorter time than the runner in lane 1.
2 / (a) / (i) / f = number of waves / time
f = 20 / 10
f = 2 Hz
(ii) / v = fλ
v = 2 x 1.2
v = 2.4 ms-1
(b) / 0.15 x 2 = 0.30 m
3 / (a) / The radiation weighting factor, ωr, of a source is a measure of the biological effect of that radiation.
(b) / D = E / m
1.5 x 10-3 = E / 1.4
E = 1.5 x 10-3 x 1.4
E = 2.1 x 10-3 J
(c) / 18 / 6 = 3 half-lives
320 MBq - 160 MBq - 80 MBq - 40 MBq
Activity 18 hours later = 40 MBq
4 / a)b) Period c) d = vt
2040 = 340 x t
t = 2040/340
t = 6 s
d) In transverse waves the vibrations are at right angles to the wave direction.
In longitudinal waves the vibrations are parallel to the wave direction.
5 / a)(i) Nuclear Fission (ii) P = Neutron, Q = Uranium nucleus, R = neutron, S – daughter product nucleus.b)Containment vessel
c)Waste remains highly radioactive for long periods of time so needs to be stored safely and securely.
d)Nuclear fuel gives a large energy output for small amounts of fuel. Has low levels of carbon dioxide production
6 / a) d = vt = 8300 x (100x60) = 49800000 m (4.98 x 107 m)
b)d = vt
800000 = 3x108 x t
t = 800000/3x108
t = 0.00267 s (or 2.67 x 10-3 s)
c) (i) Gravitational field strength is the force on each kilogram of mass or is the ratio weight/mass for an object in a gravitational field.
(ii) 7.8 N/kg
(iii) W = mg = 84 x 7.8 = 655.2 N
7 / a)Infra-red light has a greater wavelength than visible.
b)
c) Total Internal Reflection.
8 / a)2 hours
b)Cosmic rays, rocks and soils, humans, radon gas and daughter products.
c) A gamma ray is a high frequency electromagnetic wave.
9 / a) i) D = E/m = 6.0x10-6/0.5 = 1.2x10-5Gy
ii) H = Dwr = 1.2x10-5 x 20 = 2.4x10-4Sv
iii) A = N/t = 24000/(5x60) = 80 Bq
b)i) slows neutrons down
ii) contains the reactor core and does not allow any nuclear radiations to escape
c) Nuclear fission.
10 / a)i) 340 m/sii) v = fλ
340 = 40000 x λ
λ = 340/40000 = 8.5 x 10-3 m
b) d = vt
1.7 = 340 x t
t = 1.7/340 = 0.005 s
Total time = t x 2 = 0.005 x 2 = 0.01 s
c)The time is shorter as the total distance is now smaller.
d)
11 / v = d/t = length of card/time to cut light beam = 0.06/ 0.075 = 0.8 m/s
12 / Waves with longer wavelengths diffract more than shorter wavelength waves. Radio waves have longer wavelengths than the TV waves and are therefore able to diffract around the hill further than the shorter wavelength TV waves meaning the radio reception at the house is better than the TV reception.
13 / a) Digital x-ray images are obtained in a shorter time than photographic film.
Digital x-ray images do not require hazardous chemicals to develop the images.
b)(i) X-ray radiation fogs or darkens the photographic film.
(ii) Film badges are worn so that the hospital staff can monitor the amount and type of radiation they are exposed to in their job.
14 / a)(i) Ionisation is the process by which an atom loses or gains an electron(ii) Alpha
b) Number of half lives = 24/8 = 3
6 12 24 48MBq
c) (i) Seivert, Sv.
(ii) Type of radiation, Type of tissue exposed, Absorbed Dose
15 / (i) 0.6 s (ii) d = area under v-t graph = area of + area of
d= (0.6 x 8) + (½x2.2x8)
d = 4.8 + 8.8 = 13.6 m
16 / a)Gravitational field strength, g,is the weight per unit mass or g = Weight/Mass
b)(i) W = mg
630 = 70 x g
g = 630 / 70 = 9 N/kg
(ii) Saturn.
17 / a) (i) P = Ultra-violet , Q = Infra-red.(ii) Gamma rays
(iii) radio
(iv) infrared radtiation (heat) is used to treat muscle injuries.
b)
Colour / Wavelength (m)Red / 7.0 x 10-7
Yellow / 5.9 x 10-7
Green / 5.5 x 10-7
Blue / 4.5x 10-7
c)(i) Any answer between 687 days and 10760 days.
(The orbit of Jupiter lies between that of Mars and Saturn therefore its period of orbit must lie between that of Mars and Saturn)
(ii) d = vt
1430 x 109 = 3 x 108 x t
t = 1430 x 109/3.0 x 108 = 4800 s (accept 4770 s, 4767 s)
18 / a)W = mg = 50000 x 9.8 = 490000Nb)(Join vectors tip-to-tail then use Pythagoras and Tan to work out angle.)
c)H = DwR = 15 x 10-6 x 1 = 15 x 10-6 Sv = 15 μSv.
d)Ionisation is the process by which an atom loses or gains an electron.
19 / a)A = N/t300 x 10-6 = N/(24 x 60 x 60)
N = 300 x 10-6x (24 x 60 x 60) = 25.9
b) 2400 μBq 1200 600 300 μBq
3 half lives.
Age = 5730 x 3 = 17190 years.
c) Fast moving electron
d)Helium nucleus.
e)Alpha particles have a greater ionisation density compared to that of beta particles.
f)(i)The Aluminium sheet could also be blocking Alpha particles as well as the betaparticles.
(ii) wash hands after use, use tongs/forceps to handle radioactive sources, never point source directly at eyes, wear protective clothing/lead shielding.
20 / a)Measure a distance, d, out on the road using a trundle wheel.Using a stopwatch, record the time, t, that it takes the cyclist to travel this distance.
Use theformula v = d/t to calculate the cyclist’s average speed.
b) (i) a = (v-u)/t (0 -8)/2.5 = -3.2 m/s2
(ii)
(iii) d = area under v-t graph = area of + area of
d= (3 x 8) + (½x2.5x8)
d = 24 + 10 =34 m
21 / a)(i) Waveform Q is Longitudinal(ii) Waveform Q is a sound wave
b) (i) v = fλ
340 = 2000 x λ
λ = 340/2000 = 0.17 m
(ii) Total distance to wall and back = 10.2 x 2 = 20.4m
d = vt
20.4 = 340 x t
t = 20.4/340 = 0.06 s
c) Speed of sound in carbon Dioxide is 270 m/s.
v = fλ
270 = 2000 x λ
λ = 270/2000 = 0.135 m
As the speed of sound in carbon dioxide is lower,the wavelength is shorter than it is in air for the same frequency of sound.
22 / a)D = E/m50 x 10-6 = E/ 6
E = 50 x 10-6 x 6 = 300 x 10-6 J ( 300μJ)
b) The lead mat will absorb any radiation that reaches that part of the leg and therefore protects the players leg from biological harm from the ionising x-ray radiation.
c) Typeof radiation or type of tissue exposed.
23 / a)a = (v-u)/t = (9 – 0)/2 = 4.5 m/s2b)distance = area under v-t graph
d = area + area area
d = (½x2x9) + (10 x 9) + (½x1x9)
d = 103.5 m
24 / a)P – ultraviolet, Q – microwaveb)d = vt (must convert km to m)
4.50 x 1012 = 3.0 x 108 x t
t = 4.50 x 1012/3.0 x 108 = 15000 s
c) The wavelength increases then the frequency decreases as the speed stays constant.
25 / a = (v-u)/t = (70 – 0)/2 = 35 m/s2
26 / a)λ = 80/2 = 40m
b)d = vt
40 = v x 5
v = 40/5 = 8 m/s
c) v = fλ
8 = f x 40
f = 8/40 = 0.2 Hz
27 / a) Radiowaves like all members of the EM Spectrum travel at 3 x 108 ms-1
b) v = fλ
3 x 108 = 1900 x 106 x λ
λ = 3 x 108 / 1900 x 106
λ = 0.157m
c) d = vt
72000 x 103 = 3 x 108 x t
t =72000 x 103 / 3 x 108
t = 0.24 s
28 / a)Convert time from minutes to hours: t = 2.5/60 = 0.0417 hours
d = vt
5 = v x 0.0417
v = 5/0.0417 = 120 km/h
The car has exceeded the 100 km/h speed limit.
b) The speedometer gives a reading of the instantaneous speed of the car (the speed at any one time on the journey). The average speed is measured over a longer time interval.
29 / a) Medium frequency wavebandb) (i) Surface wave, (ii) Diffracted wave has a longer wavelength (iii) the sky waves reach the receiver by reflecting from the ionosphere.
30 / a)i) Short Sighted – the focal point of the lens is “short” of the retinaa)ii) a “Concave” or diverging lens is required.
b)i) Refraction of light is when there is a change of speed when light travels from one medium (material) to another. This can result in a change in direction if the light is NOT travelling along the “normal”.
b) ii) v = fλ
3 x 108 = f x 7 x 10-7
f = 3 x 108 / 7 x 10-7
f = 4.29 x 1014 Hz
c) i)
(Show no more than 5 reflections! The law of reflection must be followed!)
c) ii) total internal reflection
31 /
32 /
33 /
b) g = 9.8 ms-2
a = (v-u)/t
9.8 = (v – 0)/0.55
v = 9.8 x 0.55
v = 5.39 ms-1
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S3 Physics
Solutions to
S3 Exam Revision Pack