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Republic of Korea (South Korea)
Policy Packet
Chadwick
Pols 315
Spring 2006
Ti: Scott Yim
Table of Contents
1. CEO Russo, JeaninPg. 2-5
2. CMO Catt, StevenPg. 6-11
3. CFO Lai, SandyPg. 12-22
4. CIO Vega, Rhea-LizaPg. 23-27
5. CTO Jaramillo, AaronPg. 28-34
6. CSO Duque, IvanPg. 35-40
7. NGOAugustin, JaciPg. 41-43
Jeannin-Melissa K. Russo
Chadwick
POLS 315
Spring 2006
Essay 1
South Korea intends to direct its policies towards promoting and assuring the people’s health, wealth, education and skills, referred to by Laswell as “welfare values.” These values would guarantee a steady and growing economy that can be sustained and developed by the South Korean people themselves. The guarantee of these values gives the individuals the necessary physiological needs that Maslow places at the base of his pyramid. The current president of South Korea, Roh Moo-hyun, is assuring those values by focusing his domestic policy on the creation of more jobs in order to increase the middle class. He plans on achieving so by helping small businesses grow, by creating more special service jobs, by decreasing the cost of private schools and by protecting low-income families and underprivileged individuals; as cited by
South Korea is currently in a politically difficult region, due to its neighbors and its relations with the United States. It is neighboring North Korea, and is very close to China and Japan. The relations with North Korea have been improving and both nations have been trying to collaborate towards a greater friendship and alliance. According to Roh Moo-hyun is currently leading the country by favoring the “Sunshine Policy” of constructive engagement with North Korea. The “Sunshine Policy” consists of three basic principles: 1. South Korea will not tolerate any armed instigations from North Korea. 2. It will not hurt or occupy North Korea. 3. It will actively push reconciliation and cooperation between the two nations in order to maintain peace and stability within the Korean peninsula. This policy is strongly being implemented by Roh and is an important point within the decision making, despite the UnitedState’s disapproval. The “Sunshine Policy” and the strong military presence of the United States within the nations guarantees the necessary security, or safety as declared by Maslow, that is needed for South Korea’s continued development. The presence of a stable security allows for the advance of social justice, which if implemented correctly will bring political stability. Political stability is fundamental, according to Easton, to allow for the policy makers to make decisions that will satisfy both the demands and supports of the people. Without a stable sense of security the South Korean government would not be capable of engaging in economic interactions with other nations.
The next step on Maslow’s pyramid is “belongingness,” which if applied to South Korea could symbolize entering global trade. Current governments in South Korea have discouraged opening the country’s trade due to the repercussions it will have on the local farmers. However, as the graph below shows, South Korea, despite the numerous incentives in the increase in technology exports, it has not reached nor fulfilled its potential. By entering free trade, the countries GDP would increase dramatically and South Korea would be able to compete and trade with different countries diminishing its dependency upon its major exporters, USA and Japan.
According to the GDA model, the current situation of South Korea is not as thriving as it could be. The potential that this country has, from the economic and political stance; it is not being entirely used. The goals that we wish to achieve are the opening of trade and the increase and diversification of export alliances with other countries other than the current ones. The reinforcement and creation of new relations with the Soviet Union is being taken into consideration. However, the position of the United States must also be measured. The stress that this may cause could pose an obstacle in obtaining the determined goals causing a drift and frustration to the country’s leaders.
The graph entitled “Power of Sates Over One Percent Power” shows the increase of South Korea’s power throughout the represented years. However, the increase in power is not of a great amount, leaving the line almost in a vertical position. The increase of South Korea’s GDP and the diversification of its trade and export countries will not only increase the economy of the country, but also its power. Laswell describes power as the capability to influence someone based on their fear. South Korea, cannot structure its power based on fear; however it can use its advanced technologies and skilled people to increase its power through its economy.
As the CEO of South Korea I intend to work closely with my group and other countries to achieve a greater diversity in economic exports and partners. We also intend to maintain the current position of the “Sunshine Policy” and further extended it by creating additional communications among the two countries.
Steven Catt
Chadwick
POLS 315
Spring 2006
Essay 1
As Chief Military Officer of the Republic of Korea, my main priority is the preservation of the Republic, and the defense of its leaders and citizens. Obviously our main concern is North Korea. In the conventional sense we can win both a short and protracted war if we are the only states involved, and most importantly that the conflict does not go nuclear. Because of the Cold War, each side has been forced to seek out a powerful ally; China for the North and the United States for the South. While this has led to a virtual stalemate because of the potential of nuclear deployment, one cannot take the status quo as gospel, therefore must predict scenarios that do not involve the outside superpowers, but take their opinions into consideration.
The graph included shows the enormous gap between the Power Capabilities of each state, but one can also see that the gap is already beginning to close rapidly. In the ever quickening pace of history, the United States may not have as long a time as it thinks its does to build the Empire it wishes.
Our alliance with the United States has helped us tremendously in the past, especially during the cold war. Since there is longer a massive threat of invasion by Russia into the Far East, the large presence of US troops in our nation, and the region, has become an issue of concern. The people of the republic of Korea feel that as a democracy, their policies should be dictated by the feelings of its citizens. Our military hardware exists entirely because of military supply from the United States, but this comes at a cost to our foreign policy, especially with our neighbors.
The second graph shows the Globalization of the most powerful countries in the world. Globalizing is important to South Korea, as long as we are not a victim of the process. The current trend of wealth polarization is sending the world into an age of fierce competition for that which is not yet claimed by someone strong enough to defend it. As money is concentrated more in the hands of the elite of the population, so goes the riches of the world to the small number of highly armed nations we see so aggressively pushing this “Globalization.” One can now even buy property on Mars.
Using the Global Model for Strategic modeling we can analyze our goals and the tasks important in achieving them. We stand now, a country whose biggest threat is its closest neighbor. Being on the bottom half of an isthmus is not the ideal place for a military leader to defend. I would like to set the goal towards a less dependent nation, security wise. Many people in both North and South Korea wish to re-unite. This is a much less expensive option of dealing with North Korea, and one I would support. In the meantime, I would like to pursue obtaining Nuclear weapons. This will have to happen with help from the United States or else we are under threat of invasion. This goal clashes with that of becoming less dependent on the US, unless there is regime change in North Korea; something the US is working on. In reality we will probably drift closer to the US as we strenghthen our defenses. I predict of new Space Race in the near future between the US and China. Space should be explored and studied and debated, before it is mined and ravaged by the Capitalists. But in the event that this race involves the militarization of Space, as long as China remains North Korea’s main ally, we must remained committed to our goals and thus stay allied with the US. We have a lot of technology to offer in return for military upgrades and security.
Our nation’s technology industry produces some of the best cutting edge products in the world and we can use this to our advantage. We can Globalize using technology in two major ways; by increasing technology exports to the entire world, and focusing funding to Military research and development programs so that we are less reliant on the United States. Our electronic intelligence comes mainly from US satellites. (CIA World Factbook) I would like my government to enable me to focus on giving our military Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and satellites that can travel over North Korea and China and collect information vital to our defense.
Using Lasswell’s “deference values,” one can easily interpret our defense policies. We want the Power to control out own country and make our own policies without the intervention of outsiders. This cannot occur in contemporary international politics without making alliances, and therefore taking into account another nations perspective on certain issues. This ties right in with respect; South Korea is a proud country who is not afraid to fight for its people, unless we are scared off by those with Nukes. Our morality tells us to be careful with our mortality, and to keep alive as long as possible. Like a person, nations get scared when their existence is challenged. Israel’s defense of its newly founded nation is a prime example. A more rectiable example is that of the Tamil people of northern Sri Lanka. Only after years of peacefully attempting to gain their rights from the Sinhalese, were they forced to adopt guerilla warfare as a way to get their freedom. Affection is a powerful value and identity is something to feel very passionate about. We as Koreans want to control as most of our lives as we can to the point that we can still be Koreans. While conducting business in both the civilian and military sectors with the US, we do not want a collapse of the US to be a fatal blow to our nation. This leads us to the conclusion that we must adopt a calm wait and see policy with the two main superpowers. Any drastic move on our part to gain a strategic upper hand will be met with outside interference. Seeing as China is gaining power on the US, the possibility of establishing more trade between our countries cannot be ruled out.
As the world enters a new geo-political age, one dominated by the power of the United States, we as a proud country cannot forget who we owe our success to, and how far we are willing to go to honor this respect. The question becomes; when is enough? Our nation is one of few that lead the world in the electronics industry. This directly affects our ability to produce our own weapons for the future, and depend less on those of foreign “protectors.” Many countries in our region, as do we, have security agreements with the United States, but we do not have similar agreements with each other. I am in strong support of a something resembling an East Asian Security Cooperative Agreement.
Countries such as Japan, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia and even Russia would all seriously consider entering such a pact. The future will be dominated by technology, something our nation is economically strong in. It is also possible to use this technology to enable our country to not only become militarily dependent, but also a player in the future arms market. As a major player in world politics, we as a nation must not feel too tied to the past, and must envision what we can do in the future. Many military options are available and must be considered.
Table of Sources
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-Collins-Longman Atlas for Secondary Schools
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Sandy Lai
Chadwick
POLS 315
Spring 2006
Essay 1
The Trust People Percent graph shows the percent of people who say that they trust people. The Freedom graph shows the civil and political freedom level on a scale of 2 to 14 (year is year-nex, lower is freer, index). The Democracy Best graph shows 1= Strongly agree democracy best and 4 strongly disagree that democracy is best.) index. (
The Freedom graph is plotted in relation to time. The Trust People Percent graph and the Democracy Best graph are plotted in relation to the World Value Survey. The world value survey is a national and international survey of how people view their world. According to Professor Ronald Inglehart and Shawn Stemen,
The World Values Survey is a worldwide investigation of sociocultural and political change. It has carried out representative national surveys of the basic values and beliefs of publics in more than 65 societies on all six inhabited continents, containing almost 80 percent of the world’s population. It builds on the European Values Surveys, first carried out in 1981. A second wave of surveys, designed for global use, was completed in 1990-1991, a third wave was carried out in 1995-1996 and a fourth wave took place in 1999-2001. This investigation has produced evidence of gradual but pervasive changes in what people want out of life, and the basic direction of these changes is, to some extent, predictable. This study has given rise to more than 300 publications, in 16 languages. (
These graphs show how much freedom South Koreans have and how that affects their view of the value of Democracy. The Trust graph shows their feelings in regards to working with the United States and North Korea. The graphs show that the level of Freedom in South Korea has been increasing since 1973 until the most recent data past 2003. The Trust People Percent Survey and the Democracy Best Survey shows that between 1990- 1995, trust was increasing and people in South Korea disagreed that Democracy was best at an increasing level. Since W3 which is in 1995-1996 to W4 in 1999-2001, trust has decreased continuously and the rate of South Koreans disagreeing that Democracy is Best is leveling off so the increase is flattening out. The graphs show that between W2 and W3 when the level of freedom was relatively high, at first South Koreans were trusting and felt democracy was not best. However, as freedom continued to be prevalent and continued to increase, trust decreased and the number of South Koreans who disagreed that Democracy was Best started to taper off so the rate was less. The significant turning point is in W3, or 1995-1996. At W3 trust was at thirty percent. By W4 trust was at zero percent. From W2 to W3, the rate of increasing numbers of South Koreans who disagreed that Democracy is Best was steep. From W3 to W4 the rate of South Koreans who disagreed that Democracy is Best started to level off to an almost flat line. The level of Freedom was constant from approximately 1993 to 2004. In 2004, the level of Freedom started to increase again until it leveled off at about 3 in most recent.
The graph may show that at the beginning of having a lot of freedom in South Korea, the South Koreans were used to not having freedom. Therefore, they did not yet feel that Democracy was best. However, as time went on and they continued to have a high level of freedom, they started to get used to Freedom and to like Freedom and thus to develop the feeling that maybe Democracy is not so bad.
The graphs show that as South Koreans first have a high level of freedom they are very trusting. However, after having a few more years of a high level of freedom, they become less trusting until trust becomes zero percent in W4, or 1999-2001.
The graphs show that since 1982, freedom has increased continuously until it leveled off at about a 3 from a range of 2 to 14 - lower being freer. Between the years of 1993 and 2004, freedom was constant at about level 4.
In regards to Maslow, South Korea has been improving economically in the last decade. As its Survival needs of physiological needs like hunger and thirst are met, it has moved on towards security, community, and responsibility needs. In autocratic countries, people are afraid of freedom and democracy because they like the state to provide food and shelter for free. As North Korea fulfills its basic survival needs of food and shelter, it has started to begin to explore the idea of having freedom and democracy.
In regards to the GDA model, South Korea’s actual is that freedom is increasing. At the same time, since freedom has increased in South Korea, the trend of South Korea is towards believing that Democracy is not best. In W2, South Koreans believed that Democracy was best at 0.0 (1 strongly agree and 4 strongly disagree). By W3 Demo Best was at 1.8 and at W4 it is at 2.0. Although the graph shows that South Koreans still believe that Democracy is best, being at 2 and below, the graph shows that the trend is towards believing that democracy is not best.
South Korea’s Actual is that they want to have a healthy economy. At the same time, its drift is that the South Korean people feel that democracy is not best. The South Koreans’ goal is that they want a healthy economy that is not created by a democracy.