Supplementary Table 1: the Sequencing Results for Each Sample, Site, Substrate, and For

Supplementary Table 1: The sequencing results for each sample, site, substrate, and for the entire experiment. Estimates for total richness are included for speleothem and wall samples separately and together. Three diversity indices (Fisher’s alpha, Shannon (H), and Simpsons (1-D), are also presented.

Sample / Site / Substrate / Number of sequences / Number of sequences post filter / Number of OTUs / Estimated total richness (OTU) / Diversity Index at 95% OTU
100% / 97% / 95% / 90% / Bootstrap / Chao1 / Jackknife / Fisher's α / Shannon (H) / Simpsons (1-D)
SP1 / Site 1 / Speleothem / 11,300 / 8,005 (70%) / 2,213 / 776 / 196 / 97 / - / - / - / 36.3 / 3.4 / 0.88
SP2 / Site 1 / Speleothem / 6,324 / 3,900 (61%) / 1,158 / 368 / 107 / 48 / - / - / - / 20.3 / 2.9 / 0.83
SP3 / Site 1 / Speleothem / 49,517 / 33,965 (68%) / 6,787 / 1,095 / 204 / 66 / - / - / - / 28.9 / 3.7 / 0.95
Site 1 Summary / Speleothem / 67,141 / 45,870 (68%) / 9,917 / 1761 / 356 / 147 / - / - / - / 47.3 / 3.8 / 0.96
SP4 / Site 2 / Speleothem / 70,074 / 46,864 (66%) / 7,070 / 1,091 / 218 / 75 / - / - / - / 29.6 / 2.3 / 0.61
SP5 / Site 2 / Speleothem / 21,743 / 17,058 (78%) / 1,276 / 206 / 79 / 34 / - / - / - / 10.7 / 1.2 / 0.46
SP6 / Site 2 / Speleothem / 23,231 / 15,868 (68%) / 3,319 / 726 / 183 / 59 / - / - / - / 29.0 / 2.8 / 0.77
Site 2 Summary / Speleothem / 115,048 / 79,790 (69%) / 11,466 / 1743 / 355 / 124 / - / - / - / 42.8 / 2.7 / 0.81
SP7 / Site 3 / Speleothem / 34,162 / 27,733 (81%) / 2,713 / 661 / 165 / 83 / - / - / - / 23.3 / 1.4 / 0.44
SP8 / Site 3 / Speleothem / 11,218 / 8,612 (76%) / 1,561 / 238 / 89 / 51 / - / - / - / 13.8 / 1.0 / 0.28
SP9 / Site 3 / Speleothem / 15,724 / 12,003 (76%) / 2,575 / 805 / 127 / 49 / - / - / - / 19.8 / 2.4 / 0.76
Site 3 Summary / Speleothem / 61,104 / 48,348 (79%) / 6,581 / 1318 / 265 / 129 / - / - / - / 33.7 / 2.1 / 0.69
SP10 / Site 4 / Speleothem / 15,525 / 11,652 (75%) / 2,350 / 741 / 163 / 76 / - / - / - / 26.8 / 2.5 / 0.75
SP11 / Site 4 / Speleothem / 30,432 / 5,512 (18%) / 1,976 / 795 / 200 / 78 / - / - / - / 40.7 / 4.1 / 0.95
SP12 / Site 4 / Speleothem / 9,541 / 5,932 (62%) / 1,351 / 506 / 138 / 61 / - / - / - / 25.3 / 2.4 / 0.68
Site 4 Summary / Speleothem / 55,498 / 23,096 (42%) / 5,214 / 1394 / 327 / 144 / - / - / - / 49.4 / 3.0 / 0.81
SP13 / Site 5 / Speleothem / 14,959 / 12,422 (83%) / 2,927 / 921 / 316 / 172 / - / - / - / 59.0 / 4.3 / 0.96
SP14 / Site 5 / Speleothem / 15,387 / 12,709 (82%) / 3,348 / 846 / 292 / 171 / - / - / - / 53.3 / 4.0 / 0.95
SP15 / Site 5 / Speleothem / 19,757 / 14,935 (75%) / 3,379 / 826 / 368 / 234 / - / - / - / 68.2 / 3.6 / 0.89
Site 5 Summary / Speleothem / 50,103 / 40,066 (80%) / 9,097 / 1964 / 680 / 394 / - / - / - / 99.5 / 4.2 / 0.97
SP16 / Site 6 / Speleothem / 21,563 / 17,517 (81%) / 4,182 / 1,006 / 317 / 182 / - / - / - / 55.0 / 3.6 / 0.87
SP17 / Site 6 / Speleothem / 22,930 / 19,207 (83%) / 4,089 / 1,259 / 396 / 217 / - / - / - / 70.6 / 4.2 / 0.95
SP18 / Site 6 / Speleothem / 13,774 / 11,392 (82%) / 2,639 / 787 / 296 / 168 / - / - / - / 55.6 / 4.3 / 0.96
Site 6 Summary / Speleothem / 58,267 / 48,116 (83%) / 10,245 / 2164 / 669 / 396 / - / - / - / 96.1 / 4.3 / 0.96
SP19 / Site 7 / Speleothem / 12,715 / 9,637 (75%) / 2,605 / 812 / 255 / 149 / - / - / - / 48.1 / 4.4 / 0.97
SP20 / Site 7 / Speleothem / 15,055 / 11,586 (76%) / 3,070 / 885 / 250 / 129 / - / - / - / 45.0 / 4.2 / 0.96
SP21 / Site 7 / Speleothem / 35,064 / 27,386 (78%) / 4,428 / 964 / 281 / 157 / - / - / - / 43.6 / 3.0 / 0.72
Site 7 Summary / Speleothem / 62,834 / 48,609 (77%) / 9,638 / 2044 / 542 / 311 / - / - / - / 74.0 / 3.9 / 0.89
SP22 / Site 8 / Speleothem / 23,360 / 19,232 (82%) / 5,042 / 1,043 / 243 / 116 / - / - / - / 39.2 / 4.1 / 0.96
SP23 / Site 8 / Speleothem / 22,310 / 18,544 (83%) / 4,492 / 1,280 / 316 / 149 / - / - / - / 54.1 / 4.4 / 0.96
SP24 / Site 8 / Speleothem / 24,937 / 18,591 (74%) / 5,193 / 1,319 / 332 / 165 / - / - / - / 57.4 / 4.3 / 0.96
Site 8 Summary / Speleothem / 70,607 / 56,367 (80%) / 13,947 / 2503 / 580 / 293 / - / - / - / 78.4 / 4.5 / 0.97
Speleothem Summary / 540,602 / 390,262 (72%) / 68,918 / 6750 / 1755 / 147 / 2145 / 2014 / 2696 / 186.4 / 4.6 / 0.98
W1 / Site 1 / Rock Wall / 31,986 / 26,865 (83%) / 3,627 / 546 / 99 / 22 / - / - / - / 13.0 / 1.3 / 0.57
W2 / Site 1 / Rock Wall / 20,232 / 16,543 (81%) / 2,227 / 274 / 73 / 45 / - / - / - / 9.8 / 0.7 / 0.17
W3 / Site 1 / Rock Wall / 5 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / - / - / - / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.00
Site 1 Summary / Rock Wall / 52,223 / 43,409 (83%) / 5,844 / 808 / 159 / 55 / - / - / - / 19.6 / 2.2 / 0.60
W4 / Site 2 / Rock Wall / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / - / - / - / - / - / -
W5 / Site 2 / Rock Wall / 6 / 6 / 4 / 2 / 2 / 2 / - / - / - / 1.1 / 0.5 / 0.28
W6 / Site 2 / Rock Wall / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / - / - / - / - / - / -
Site 2 Summary / Rock Wall / 6 / 6 / 4 / 2 / 2 / 2 / - / - / - / - / - / -
W7 / Site 3 / Rock Wall / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / - / - / - / - / - / -
W8 / Site 3 / Rock Wall / 29,167 / 23,535 (80%) / 3,440 / 745 / 182 / 66 / - / - / - / 26.9 / 3.6 / 0.94
W9 / Site 3 / Rock Wall / 8,394 / 6,291 (74%) / 1,656 / 253 / 63 / 30 / - / - / - / 9.7 / 3.4 / 0.95
Site 3 Summary / Rock Wall / 37,561 / 29,826 (79%) / 5,034 / 918 / 210 / 82 / - / - / - / 27.0 / 3.6 / 0.95
W10 / Site 4 / Rock Wall / 12,376 / 10,427 (84%) / 1,204 / 417 / 57 / 5 / - / - / - / 7.9 / 1.5 / 0.58
W11 / Site 4 / Rock Wall / 23,253 / 19,722 (84%) / 2,643 / 651 / 72 / 7 / - / - / - / 9.4 / 1.6 / 0.64
W12 / Site 4 / Rock Wall / 42,729 / 36,498 (85%) / 3,254 / 466 / 100 / 37 / - / - / - / 12.5 / 0.8 / 0.24
Site 4 Summary / Rock Wall / 78,358 / 66,647 (85%) / 6,373 / 863 / 139 / 43 / - / - / - / 15.4 / 1.3 / 0.69
W13 / Site 5 / Rock Wall / 19,540 / 15,195 (77%) / 3,404 / 935 / 321 / 184 / - / - / - / 57.5 / 4.1 / 0.94
W14 / Site 5 / Rock Wall / 14,276 / 11,563 (80%) / 2,484 / 467 / 188 / 124 / - / - / - / 31.9 / 3.5 / 0.93
W15 / Site 5 / Rock Wall / 20,841 / 16,759 (80%) / 3,361 / 708 / 254 / 141 / - / - / - / 42.5 / 2.7 / 0.66
Site 5 Summary / Rock Wall / 54,657 / 43,517 (80%) / 8,824 / 1641 / 562 / 318 / - / - / - / 77.5 / 3.6 / 0.89
W16 / Site 6 / Rock Wall / 12,240 / 9,658 (78%) / 2,577 / 561 / 212 / 125 / - / - / - / 38.3 / 3.1 / 0.77
W17 / Site 6 / Rock Wall / 31,805 / 26,163 (82%) / 4,046 / 922 / 262 / 128 / - / - / - / 40.5 / 4.2 / 0.97
W18 / Site 6 / Rock Wall / 22,685 / 17,583 (77%) / 3,448 / 510 / 168 / 93 / - / - / - / 25.7 / 2.2 / 0.63
Site 6 Summary / Rock Wall / 66,730 / 53,404 (80%) / 9,731 / 1588 / 464 / 242 / - / - / - / 63.4 / 3.3 / 0.89
W19 / Site 7 / Rock Wall / 27,458 / 22,428 (81%) / 3,741 / 923 / 267 / 137 / - / - / - / 42.6 / 3.8 / 0.93
W20 / Site 7 / Rock Wall / 18,575 / 13,833 (74%) / 3,017 / 830 / 267 / 134 / - / - / - / 46.9 / 4.2 / 0.95
W21 / Site 7 / Rock Wall / 17,210 / 9,284 (53%) / 2,080 / 642 / 212 / 117 / - / - / - / 38.7 / 3.8 / 0.91
Site 7 Summary / Rock Wall / 63,243 / 45,545 (72%) / 8,294 / 1772 / 494 / 266 / - / - / - / 68.4 / 3.9 / 0.89
W22 / Site 8 / Rock Wall / 24,995 / 20,435 (81%) / 4,798 / 918 / 257 / 126 / - / - / - / 41.4 / 4.3 / 0.97
W23 / Site 8 / Rock Wall / 28,029 / 23,607 (84%) / 3,244 / 659 / 204 / 116 / - / - / - / 30.7 / 3.0 / 0.84
W24 / Site 8 / Rock Wall / 32,747 / 26,686 (81%) / 4,715 / 1,007 / 250 / 109 / - / - / - / 38.2 / 3.9 / 0.95
Site 8 Summary / Rock Wall / 85,771 / 70,728 (82%) / 12,161 / 1840 / 478 / 243 / - / - / - / 57.5 / 3.8 / 0.98
Rock Wall Summary / 438,549 / 353,082 (80%) / 52,018 / 5084 / 1327 / 55 / 1630 / 1546 / 2052 / 140.7 / 4.4 / 0.93
Totals across all samples / 1,022,447 / 743,344 (72%) / 114,986 / 8,506 / 2,291 / 1,182 / 2,727 / 2,540 / 3,428 / 292.1 / 4.7 / 0.84