Chapter 12 SOLUTIONS – Study Guide

12.1 Types of Mixtures

  1. Which of the following has components in a non-uniform arrangement? Homogeneous mixture or Heterogeneous mixture
  1. A (heterogeneous or homogeneous) mixture always contains two or more substances that are visibly distinguishable.
  1. Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?

Water, whole wheat bread, sugar, sugar water solution

  1. Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?

Water, whole wheat bread, sugar, sugar water solution

  1. All of the following are homogeneous mixtures except

Soil, gasoline, a sugar water solution, a salt water solution

  1. Water in air is an example of which solute-solvent combination? Liquid to gas
  1. Carbon dioxide dissolved in water is an example of which solute-solvent combination?Gas to liquid
  1. Sugar dissolved in water is an example of which solute-solvent combination?Solid to liquid
  1. Oxygen in nitrogen is an example of which solute-solvent combination?Gas to gas
  1. Which mixture contains visible particles that settle out unless the mixture is stirred?

Suspension, colloid, solution, homogeneous mixture

  1. Which mixture contains particles that are in a dispersed phase and do not settle out?

Suspension, colloid, solution, homogeneous mixture

12. Give an example of a suspension and a colloid solution. A jar of muddy water;mayonnaise

13. A substance whose water solution is a good conductor of electricity is a(n) electrolyte.

14.A substance whose water solution is a poor conductor of electricityis a(n) non-electrolyte.

15.Substances whose water solutions conduct electricity easily dissolve in water.

12.2 Types of Solutions

16.List 3 things that will increase the rate of dissolving a solid in water.Increasing surface area, agitating the solid; increasing the temperature

17. __Decreasing____ the temperature decreases the average kinetic energy of solvent molecules.

18. True or False. Stirring increases the rate of dissolution because it brings fresh solvent into contact with the solute

19. Which of the following will dissolve most rapidly?

Sugar cubes in hot water

Sugar cubes in cold water

Powdered sugar in cold water

Powdered sugar in hot water

20. Which of the following will dissolve most slowly?

Small salt crystals in unstirred water

Small salt crystals in stirred water

Large salt crystals in unstirred water

Large salt crystals in stirred water

21.Raising the collision rate between solute and solvent (increases, decreases) the rate of dissolution.

22.Raising solvent temperature causes solvent-solute collisions to become (more, less) frequent and (more, less) energetic.

23.Which of the following is at equilibrium when undissolved solute is visible?

(An unsaturated solution, a saturated solution, a supersaturated solution)

24.If the amount of solute present in a solution at a given temperature is less than the maximum amount that can dissolve at that temperature, the solution is said to be

(unsaturated, saturated, supersaturated)

25.Which of the following is likely to produce crystals if disturbed?

(An unsaturated solution, a saturated solution, a supersaturated solution)

26.Two immiscible substances (will, will not) form a solution.

27.The solubility of gases in liquids (increases, decreases) with increasing pressure.

28.As temperature increases, solubility of gases in liquids (increases, decreases).

12.3 Concentrations of Solutions

29.Which of the following expresses concentration?

Molality, molarity, moles of solute per liter of solution, all listed

30.Which of the following is expressed in grams of solute instead of moles of solute?

Molarity, molality, neither

31. What is the formula for Molarity? M = mol/L

32. What is the formula for Molality? M = mol/kg

33. What is the difference between molarity and molality?Molarity measures the solvent in liters, and molality measures the solvent in mass.

34. What is the molarity of a solution that contains 0.409 molKCl in 8.98 L solution?

M = mol/ L  0.409 mol / 8.98L = 4.55 x10-2 mol/L

35. What is the molality of a solution that contains 5.10 mol KNO3 in 4.47 kg water? (molar mass of KNO3 = 101.11 g/mol)

m = mol / kg 5.10 g KNO3 x 1mol = .05 mol

101.11 g

.05 mol KNO3 = 0.01mol/kg

4.47 g