Northern Highlands Regional High School

English Department

Vocabulary List 7

1.  affliction

Definition: Great suffering in body and mind.

An undutiful son is an affliction to a parent.

Related Forms: afflict

Synonyms: sorrow, calamity, tribulation, woe, trial, suffering, distress, misery, adversity

Antonyms: pleasure

2.  aroma

Definition: A pleasant smell or fragrance.

After the heavy rainfall, the aroma of the pines pervaded the woods.

Related Forms: aromatic

Synonyms: scent, odor, perfume, redolence, fragrance

3.  benefactor:

Definition: One who performs a friendly act or confers a benefit upon another.

Albert Schweitzer has endeared himself to the people of Africa and the world as a benefactor of suffering humanity.

Related Forms: benefaction, beneficent, benefit

Synonyms: patron

Antonyms: malefactor

4.  cower

Definition: To crouch because of fear, shame, or timidity, especially in the face of danger.

“England has never cowered before the threats of an invader,” the statesman replied proudly.

Related Form: cowering

Synonyms: quail, cringe, wince

Antonyms: defy, resist

5.  haven

Definition: A place of shelter or safety; port.

The Pilgrims journeyed to the bleak New England shores to find a haven from religious oppression.

6.  imperial

Definition: Pertaining to an emperor or an empire; befitting an emperor.

Sir Thomas Overbury was committed to the Tower of London by imperial command.

Related Forms: imperialistic, imperious

Synonyms: sovereign, lordly, domineering, commanding, magnificent, majestic, regal, royal

Antonyms: common, plebeian

7.  mammoth

Definition: 1. (noun) a type of extinct elephant; figuratively, something massive or gigantic.

Remains of the mammoths, which lived at the time of prehistoric man, have been discovered in Alaska and Siberia.

2.  (adjective) Extremely large.

Some of the mammoth fortunes in the United States were amassed by men who had been brought up in poverty and squalor.

Synonyms: (nouns) mastodon, leviathan; (adjectives) stupendous,

immense, enormous, prodigious, vast, monstrous, huge, gargantuan,

gigantic, colossal, Herculean

Antonyms: (adjectives) minute, miniature, diminutive, pygmy, dwarfish, elfin, Lilliputian, microscopic, microcosmic

8.  ordeal

Definition: A severe test of courage or perseverance.

While waiting to hear the outcome of his trial, the accused underwent an ordeal marked by keen anxiety.

Synonyms: trial, suffering, tribulation

9.  potent:

Definition: Powerful; producing powerful physical effects (as a drug).

He has been a potent force for progress in this community.

Related Forms: potency, omnipotent

Synonyms: cogent, mighty, influential

Antonyms: effete, weak

10.  unkempt

Definition: Not combed; untidy, crude, not refined.

He might have gotten the job if he had not looked so unkempt.

Synonyms: untidy, messy, disarranged, slovenly

Antonyms: orderly, neat, tidy, arranged