Chapter 4

The Periodic Table and Chemical Nomenclature

Multiple Choice:

  1. Which one of the following does not represent a class of metals?
  2. active metal
  3. noble metal
  4. heavy metal
  5. alkali metal

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following is not a physical property of metals?
  2. malleable
  3. lustrous
  4. hard
  5. brittle

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following is not a physical property of nonmetals?
  2. conduct electricity
  3. soft solids
  4. low density
  5. low melting point

Answer:

  1. In its standard state, oxygen is a diatomic gas. Which one of the following would be a physical property of oxygen?
  2. high boiling point
  3. low density
  4. ductile
  5. malleable

Answer:

  1. Given the metals Be and Mg, which one of the following elements can be included with this pair of metals?
  2. Ce
  3. Si
  4. Ba
  5. Na

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following sets of elements can be grouped into a single classification?
  2. Na, K, Sr
  3. Cu, Ag, Au
  4. Al, Si, P
  5. Rb, Sr, Y

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following metals exhibits low reactivity and can be found in its free state?

a. calcium

b. silver

c. iron

d. rubidium

Answer:

  1. What is the general name assigned to the elements in GroupIA?
  2. alkali metals
  3. noble metals
  4. nonmetals
  5. alkaline earth metals.

Answer:

  1. Both Mendeleev and Meyer arranged their periodic table of the elements in order of increasing
  2. mass number
  3. atomic mass
  4. atomic number
  5. density

Answer:

  1. Mendeleev left gaps in his version of the periodic table
  2. to confuse the common people.
  3. for yet undiscovered elements.
  4. to maintain the periodicity of the known elements.
  5. both b and c

Answer:

  1. “The properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic number” is the description of the .

a. law of conservation of energy.

b. law of conservation of matter.

c. periodic law.

d. Newton’s law.

Answer:

  1. How many elements are in the 6th period of the periodic table?
  2. 2
  3. 18
  4. 32
  5. 26

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following is not a representative element?
  2. Sulfur
  3. Chromium
  4. Sodium
  5. Beryllium

Answer:

  1. The alkaline earth metals are found in
  2. GroupIA
  3. Group IIA
  4. Group IIB
  5. Group IB

Answer:

  1. Group VIIA are a family of elements best known as
  2. nonmetals.
  3. diatomics.
  4. halogens.
  5. noble gases.

Answer:

  1. The term “noble”, as it applies to the elements, means
  2. regal.
  3. expensive.
  4. inert.
  5. active.

Answer:

  1. At room temperature, which one of the following elements does not exist in the gaseous state?

a. I2

b. F2

c. O2

d. Cl2

Answer:

  1. At room temperature, which one of the following exists in the liquid state?
  2. Hg
  3. Cl2
  4. S8
  5. Cd

Answer:

  1. Of the halogens, which one is a solid at standard temperature?
  2. fluorine
  3. chlorine
  4. bromine
  5. iodine

Answer:

  1. Elements that possess both metallic and nonmetallic properties are referred to as
  2. pseudo-metals.
  3. mostly-metals.
  4. near-metals
  5. metalloids.

Answer:

  1. While preparing your spring garden for planting, you uncover an unusual, dirt-caked object. While washing off the dirt, you observe that this object is a soft solid that partially breaks apart in water. Based on your knowledge of the classification of the elements, this object is most likely
  2. a metal.
  3. a nonmetal.
  4. a noble metal.
  5. an active metal.

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following is the most similar, both physically and chemically, to arsenic?
  2. germanium (Ge)
  3. tellurium (Te)
  4. phosphorus
  5. silicon

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following is the most similar, both physically and chemically, to palladium (Pd)?
  2. nickel (Ni)
  3. rhodium (Rh)
  4. silver (Ag)
  5. iridium (Ir)

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following does not exist as a diatomic in its standard state?
  2. fluorine
  3. nitrogen
  4. phosphorus
  5. hydrogen

Answer:

  1. The charge on Group IIA ions is
  2. +1
  3. +2
  4. –2
  5. –1

Answer:

  1. Which group in the periodic table only forms ions with a +1 ionic charge?

a. alkali metals

b. alkaline earth metals

c. chalcogens

d. halogens

Answer:

  1. What is the charge of phosphide ions?
  2. +5
  3. +3
  4. –3
  5. –5

Answer:

  1. The charge on Group IIB ions is
  2. +2
  3. +1
  4. –2
  5. not enough information

Answer:

  1. Which of the below formula units is correct for the compound sodium oxide?
  2. NaO
  3. ONa2
  4. Na2O
  5. SO2

Answer:

  1. Determine the charge on the iron ion in the compound Fe2O3.
  2. –3
  3. +2
  4. –2
  5. +3

Answer:

  1. Determine the charge on the perchlorate ion in the compound Al(ClO4)3.
  2. –4
  3. +3
  4. –1
  5. +5

Answer:

  1. How many potassium ions are required to neutralize a nitride ion?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

Answer:

  1. How many oxide ions are required to neutralize a strontium (Sr) ion?
  2. 1
  3. 2
  4. 3
  5. not enough information

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following is the chemical name for NiCO3?
  2. nickel carbonate
  3. nickel(II) carbonite
  4. nickel(II) carbonate
  5. nickel(II) carbon trioxide

Answer:

  1. What is the chemical name for MnSO3?

a. magnesium sulfate

b. manganese (III) sulfur oxide

c. magnesium sulfite

d. manganese (III) sulfite

Answer:

  1. What is the chemical name for CuO?

a. copper oxide

b. copper monoxide

c. copper (II) oxide

d. copper (I) oxide

Answer:

  1. Ions that are composed of oxygen and one other element are referred to as

a. oxyanions.

b. peroxyanions.

c. oxytions.

d. polyanions.

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following is an incorrect chemical formula for a lead(IV) compound?
  2. PbO2
  3. PbO
  4. PbCl4
  5. Pb3(PO4)4

Answer:

  1. Determine the charge on the arsenate ion (AsO4?) in Ca3(AsO4)2.
  2. +3
  3. –3
  4. –6
  5. –5

Answer:

  1. What is the charge on the tin ion in the compound SnSO4?
  2. +1
  3. +2
  4. –2
  5. 0

Answer:

  1. One of the following formulas is incorrect for a copper(I) salt. Which one?
  2. CuCl
  3. CuO
  4. CuNO3
  5. Cu3PO4

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following is not a match?
  2. HNO3(aq) and nitric acid
  1. Zn(NO3)2 and zinc nitrite
  2. Cr2O3 and chromium(III) oxide
  3. XeF4 and xenon tetrafluoride

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following is not a match?
  2. CaCl2 and calcium chloride
  1. NH4NO3 and ammonium nitrate
  2. FeS and iron(II) sulfide
  3. CO32- and carbonite ion

Answer:

  1. Ammonium dichromate is a bright orange, crystalline solid. When heated to a high temperature, one of the decomposition products is a fluffy, dark green solid, called chromium(III) oxide and other materials. What are their respective formulas?

a. NH4CrO4 and Cr3O2

b. (NH4)2Cr2O7, and Cr2O3

c. NH4(Cr2O7)2, and Cr2O3

d. NH4Cr2O7, and Cr2O3

Answer:

  1. The chemical name for laughing gas, which can be used as an anesthetic, is dinitrogen monoxide. The chemical formula for laughing gas is

a. NO2.

b. NO.

c. N2O.

d. ON2.

Answer:

  1. What is the chemical name for B2O3?

a. boron trioxide

b. oxide diboron

c. boron (III) oxide

d. diboron oxide

Answer:

  1. The general public routinely consumes antacids in order to offset the ill effects of an upset stomach caused by an increase in stomach acid. The common name for one antacid is milk of magnesia. The chemical name for milk of magnesia is magnesium hydroxide, for which the chemical formula is

a. MgOH.

b. Mn(OH)2.

c. MnOH.

d. Mg(OH)2.

Answer:

  1. The chemical name for oil of vitriol is sulfuric acid. The chemical formula for sulfuric acid is

a. H2SO4

b. H2SO3

c. H2S

d. HSO41-

Answer:

  1. Which is the chemical for nitrous acid?

a. HNO

b. HNO2

c. HNO3

d. HNO4

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following is the chemical formula for hydrocyanic acid?

a. HCN

b. HOCN

c. HCNO

d. H2CN

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following common laboratory compounds is named incorrectly?
  2. perchloric acid, HClO4
  3. potassium carbonate, K2CO3
  1. sodium carbonate, NaHCO3
  2. lead(II) nitrate, Pb(NO3)2

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following common laboratory compounds is named incorrectly?
  2. silver nitrate, Ag(NO3)3
  1. copper(I) sulfide, Cu2S
  2. barium phosphate, Ba3(PO4)2
  3. hydrochloric acid, HCl

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following common laboratory compounds is named incorrectly?

a. nitric acid, HNO3

b. ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3

c. calcium carbonate, CaCO3

d. potassium chloride, PCl3

Answer:

  1. Which of the following is not a match?
  2. PO42-, phosphite ion
  3. OH1-, hydroxide ion
  1. CrO42-, chromate ion
  2. ClO31-, chlorate ion

Answer:

  1. Which of the following is not a match?
  2. NO21-, nitrite ion
  3. NH41-, ammonium ion
  1. CN1-, cyanide ion
  2. ClO31-, chlorate ion

Answer:

  1. Which one of the following does not belong in the oxyanion series?
  2. iodite ion
  3. hypoiodite ion
  4. metaiodate ion
  5. iodate ion

Answer:

  1. Write the chemical formula for thallium(III), Tl3+, sulfide.
  2. Tl2S3
  3. TlS
  4. Tl3S2
  5. Tl4S6

Answer:

  1. Identify the element found in the 4th period and 13th family of the periodic table.
  2. In
  3. Ga
  4. Sn
  5. Cd

Answer:

  1. Identify the element found in the 4th family and 5th period of the periodic table.
  2. Sc
  3. Lu
  4. Zr
  5. Ti

Answer:C

Short Answer:

  1. (T/F) The modern periodic law is based on an increase in the atomic number.
  1. (T/F) The majority of the transition metals have only one possible ionic charge.
  1. (T/F) To neutralize the carbonate ion (CO32-), one could use one sodium ion and one potassium ion.
  1. (T/F) The name of the chemical formula, N2O5, is nitrogen(V) oxide.
  1. (T/F) The name of the chemical formula, K2HPO4, is dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
  1. (T/F) The periodic table consists of 7 periods and 18 families.
  1. (T/F) Elements within the same period all have similar physical and chemical properties.
  1. Cations and anions do not exist separately in nature, but are found together in ordinary matter.
  1. (T/F) Under standard temperature conditions, the majority of elements are found in the solid phase.
  1. (T/F) Chemical substances with the general formula HXOy, where X is a halogen and Y = 1, 2, 3, or 4, are examples of oxyacids.
  1. The modern periodic table is based on an increase in the .
  1. Elements that possess similar physical and chemical traits are found in the same in the periodic table.
  1. In order to form a neutral compound, it is necessary to combine oxide ions with cobalt(III) ions.
  1. The chemical name of PBr8Cl4 is
  1. Ions that possess the general formula XOyz, where X is a cation, Y = 1, 2, 3, …, and z equals the charge, are known as .
  1. Elements within a group designated with an “A” are referred to as elements.
  1. Upon careful examination of the periodic table, each period ends with an element classified as a .

77. Match the chemical formulas with the chemical names.

H2SO4 / Chromium (II) oxide
KOH / Sulfuric acid
Cr2O3 / Chlorite ion
ClO2- / Potassium hydroxide

Answer:

78. Match the chemical formulas with the chemical names.

HBr / Potassium sulfite
MgCl2 / Aluminum nitride
AlN / Hydrobromic acid
K2SO3 / Magnesium chloride

Answer:

79. Write the chemical formula for each of the following compounds.

a. sodium carbonate

b. iron (II) bromide

c. lead (IV) oxide

d. hydrocyanic acid

Answer:

80. Write the chemical names for each of the following compounds.

a. Ca(NO3) 2

b. N2O

c. K2Cr2O7

d. HClO3

Answer:

1