LECTURER: YM HJH TENKU MAZUWANA BINTI T. MANSOR
STUDENT’S NAME AND MATRIC NO: ______
WEEKLY SCHEDULE
WEEK 11: 26 November – 2 December 2012
LECTURE TOPIC / SOURCE / TASKUnderstanding What You Read: A Review / Pirozzi et. al
(2012)
Chapter 2 / Task 1: Read this chapter again. (Pg. 48-53). Do Activity 1.
Task 2: Activity 6: Read Selections 1-10 and answer the questions.
Task 3: Activity 7: Read, “A Quiet House in the Suburbs,” and answer the questions.
Task 3: Mastery 2-1:
Chapter Concepts (Pg. 92-96) and Mastery 2-2 (page 97-101).
ANSWERS:
CHAPTER 2
Activity 1: Finding the Topic, Main Idea, and Major Details
1. Topic: Technology in fast-food restaurants
Main Idea: Cutting edge technology is now being used to improve customer service in the food service industry from processing orders to paying bills.
Major Details: MacDonald’s is processing orders in Colorado, Minnesota, and Missouri through a central facility in Colorado. Hardee’s and Carl’s Jr. are following suit. Domino’s Pizza has a text-message ordering system. Some restaurants have table-side phone ordering. In Asia, smart phones can place orders. Care must be taken to avoid “up-selling.”
2. Topic: Critical thinking
Main Idea: Critical thinking, however, is not merely negative thinking.
Major Details: Critical thinking is the ability and willingness to assess claims and to make objective judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons. It also fosters creativity and constructiveness—skills that help one to develop possible explanations for events, think of implications of research findings, and apply new knowledge to a broad range of social and personal problems.
3. Topic: Understanding what is said
Main Idea: Everything that is said is not understood exactly as intended.
Major Details: Messages are filtered by listeners' attitudes, values, and beliefs; consequently, changes in their meaning may occur.
4. Topic: Who discovered America?
Main Idea: Determining who discovered America is not an easy question to answer.
Major Details: Ancestors of the American Indian, who were hunters and herders, were unaware that they were entering "new" territory. So we must look elsewhere (and much later in time) for the "discoverer" of America as we use that word.
5. Topic: The importance of positive intimate relationships
Main Idea: While we strive for positive relationships with our friends, family, and significant others, we sometimes find ourselves in relationships that result in an emotional roller coaster.
Major Details: While negative relationships may cause us distress, intimate relationships that have gone bad can send us in a downward spiral emotionally and physically. What are the characteristics of a healthy relationship?
6. Topic: The cost of air pollution
Main Idea: The social cost of driving includes all the private costs plus at least the cost of air pollution, which society bears.
Major Details: When automobile drivers step into their cars, they bear only private costs of driving. But they cause an additional cost—that of air pollution, which they are not forced to take account of when they make the decision to drive. Clean air is a scarce resource used by automobile drivers free of charge. They will use more of it than they would if they had to pay the full social costs.
7. Topic: Marketing to children
Main Idea: There is pressure on marketers, especially food marketers, to curb their ads to children because of the child obesity rate in the United States.
Major Details: Childhood obesity in the U.S. is 18 percent. Children view more than twenty food ads each day with 90 percent of them promoting high-fat, high-sugar products.
8. Topic: Loss of natural resources
Main Idea: A realistic program of environmental and energy conservation should be adopted by every business.
Major Details: This nation did not recognize that it was destroying the ability of nature to maintain a balanced ecological system. Energy sources that took nature thousands of years to create are consumed within minutes.
9. Topic: Meanings of “Islam”
Main Idea: The word “Islam” has at least three different meanings, and much misunderstanding arises from the failure to distinguish among them.
Major Details: In the first place, Islam refers to the religion taught by the prophet Muhammad and embodied in the Muslim revelation known as the Koran. In the second place, Islam has developed through tradition and through the work of great Muslim jurists and theologians. In the third meaning, Islam is the counterpart not of Christianity but rather of Christendom.
10. Topic: Sonia Nieto’s childhood experiences with discrimination
Main Idea: Sonia Nieto personally experienced the effects of poverty and discrimination in school as a child.
Major Details: A common perception was that [her] culture and language were inferior. Some teachers expected that she would not do well in school because of language and cultural differences.
Activity 6: Finding the Central Message
1. Topic: In-store kiosks
Central Message: Kiosks are popping up everywhere from self-service functions to in-store ordering of merchandise to collecting information at business and trade shows.
2. Topic: Studying human sexuality
Central Message: You'll come to view human sexuality for what it is—a beautiful and integral, but complex, part of life.
3. Topic: Surgical snafus [especially spongers and a solution]
Central Message: [unstated] A number of new technological techniques are now being used to prevent doctors from leaving instruments and other items inside the patient after surgery.
4. Topic: Muhammad Ali: principles over profit
Central Message: Ali’s courage and dedication to human rights make him the standard by which all athletes should be judged.
Activity 7: Finding the Central Message in Poetry
Topic: The importance of daydreams
Central Message: Nature, poetry, and dreams are more important than material success and daily labors.
Note: The poet Mark Hillringhouse offers the following introduction to his work and comments on this poem in particular:
The Tao (pronounced “dow”) is understood by Taoists as a mysterious, dynamic, and creative force that is beyond definition. Poetry and painting have long been felt to be the most receptive media for the expression of the essential, indivisible Tao. The Taoist way in art is to gradually attune the onlooker through the particular inner rhythms of nature to the essence of the great Tao itself. The Taoist-inspired poet aims to present a view of the world that is both satisfying and spiritually refreshing. This is achieved by creating a subtle harmony of opposites, a balance, within the poem itself, the effect of which is beautiful, relaxing, and potentially transforming.
“A Quiet House in the Suburbs” tries to locate that Taoist feeling about nature, and the speaker in the poem tries to center his own personal nature by removing himself from the day’s demands so that he can better contemplate the life around him. The poem is a reaction to the busy world of others who don’t understand the universal principals of the Tao. The more you struggle to race ahead, the more you fall behind. By tuning into the spiritual forces of nature and by accepting the inexorable movement of time and by letting yourself be swept away in the Taoist current, you free yourself from opposition to change and begin to travel in harmony. The idea is to float with the tide and not try to swim against it as so many try to do.
MASTERY TEST 2-1: Main Idea
1. Even many experienced and polished speakers have some anxiety about delivering an oral presentation, but they use this nervous energy to their advantage, letting it propel them into working hard on each presentation, preparing well in advance, and rehearsing until they're satisfied with their delivery.
2. The term "technical profession" applies to a broad spectrum of careers in today's changing workplace, where technology is making astonishingly rapid advances; boundaries between companies, countries, and continents are blurring; and jobs are being redefined.
3. Spouse selection is clearly an activity that most people eventually choose to engage in, and a variety of considerations are involved.
4. Firearms-related violence is a major societal issue in the United States.
5. International tension over water availability is increasing rapidly.
6. Unlike other movements of the sixties that have not survived, the environmental movement has gained steadily in power, prestige, and public appeal.
7. An understanding of our intimate and non-intimate relationships, components of our sexual identity, our gender roles, and our sexual orientation will help us make healthy, responsible, and satisfying decisions about our relationships and identities.
8. The accurate definition of a problem affects all the steps that follow.
9. Many reasons have been advanced to account for non-reporting of crime.
10. On a planetary scale, human beings are very recent arrivals indeed, and what we proudly refer to as human history barely registers. Yet, although we arrived only an instant ago, we have certainly made our presence known.
MASTERY TEST 2-2: Patterns of Organization
1. comparison and contrast
2. cause and effect
3. chronological order
4. comparison and contrast/simple listing of facts
5. comparison and contrast
6. comparison and contrast
7. simple listing of facts
8. cause and effect
9. cause and effect/simple listing of facts
10. cause and effect