IES E. FLORENTINO SANZ (ARÉVALO)Physical Education. 1º ESO (Third Trimester)
ALTERNATIVE SPORTS:
These kinds of games were invented more recently and use unconventional (no convencionales)or alternative materials.Sometimes these are even made with recycled materials.
Some have evolved (evolucionado) and led (convertido)to sports which are still not widely known (que todavía no son muy conocidos), which are also called alternative (por eso, se llaman alternativos).
A game can be considered alternative in a certain place or time and not in another; Badminton is a clear example.
MAIN FEATURES OF ALTERNATIVE GAMES/SPORTS:- It is important to participate and have fun.
- Spend time with other people.
- Diverse and varied games.
- Age, gender (género) and physical condition are not important.
- Rules can change.
- Creativity
- No national federation.
ORIENTEERING:
Orienteering is an outdoor sport using maps to find one's way.
Orienteeringwas originally a training exercise for military officers, but it has now become a federated sport.Participants have a map, usually a specially prepared orienteering map, and they use it to find control points.
The fastest person who finds all control points wins the race.
The International Orienteering federation recognises four types of orienteering:
→ Foot orienteering
→ Mountain bike orienteering
→ Ski orienteering
→ Trail orienteering (in wheelchair)
But many times, orienteering is included in adventure raids or mixed with other sports, as horse riding or canoeing.
Vocabulary:
Trail: camino To hand something: pasar o dar algo en mano
To equal: equivaler Baseplate: base de la brújula
To carry: llevar Direction of travel arrow: flecha de dirección
Flag: bandera Magnetic needle: aguja magnética
Needle punch: pinza de control Orienting lines: líneas de meridiano
Time trial: carrera contrarreloj Orienting arrow: flecha norte
Scale: escala Compass housing: limbo
Course: recorrido
The orienteering compass (la brújula de orientación):
1. Baseplate
2. Direction of travel arrow
3. Magnetic needle
4. Orienting lines
5. Orienting arrow
6. Compass housing with degree dial
Acompassis an instrument used for navigation and orientation that shows direction relative to the geographic "cardinal directions", or "points". Usually, a diagram called acompass rose, shows the directionsnorth,south,east, andwestas abbreviated initials marked on the compass. The magnetic compass was first invented as a device in China. The use of a compass is recorded inWestern Europeand inPersiaaround the early 13th century.
The map:
Orienteering maps are made specifically for the sport, to standards unlike those of any other maps, even topographic maps, with which you´re likely to be familiar.
Map reading: The main thing as a beginner is to learn to understand the map symbols. The orienteering course. A triangleindicates the start and a double circle indicates the finish. Circles show control points.
1-Orienteering course:is marked inpurpleorred.
2-A triangle: indicates the start.
3-A double circle: indicates the finish.
4-Circles: show control points.
5-Colors:
White: normal forest
Green: thicker forest and undergrowth, darker greens mean thicker vegetation/slower running/lower visibility.
Yellow: fields, open areas.
Blue: water features: streams, marshes, ponds and lakes.
Black: man-made features such as buildings, fences, abandoned cars, roads, tracks, trails, etc and also rock features such as cliffs and boulders.
Brown: earth features, mainly contour lines (lines following constant elevation) but also gullies, ditches, pits, small depressions, earth banks and walls.
6-Scale:
1:10,000 and 1:15,000 are the most common scales for orienteering maps. On a 1:10,000 map, a centimeter on the map will correspond to 100 meters in the terrain. At 1:15,000, 1 cm on the map equals 150 meters in the terrain
7- Legend: printed on the map showing all the various symbols.
Traffic light technique (la técnica del semáforo): green, orange and red.
Pick a course, and draw your planned route in three colors: Green for the parts where you can run without much attention to the map, orange for parts where you have to give some attention to the map and red for the parts where you have to put a lot of attention to the orienteering (e.g. probably slow down significantly).
Orienteering qualities.
1• A good map reading.
2• Choosing the rigth course.
3• To be focus.
4• Aerobic endurance.
Orienteering rules.
*.- A missing or a wrong punch results in disqualification.
It is prohibited:
*.-Giving or receiving help. Orienteering is an individual sport.
*.- Moving the controls.
*.- Running with or following other competitors.
It is compulsory:
*.- Assisting an injured competitor.
*.- Reporting to the finish area, even if the competitors don´t finish the course.
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