STUDY GUIDE UNIT #4– Porifera and Cnidaria

Essential Skills

  1. Be able to describe the classification, support/skeleton, sensory/nervous system, circulatory/transport, respiration/gas exchange, and reproduction characteristics of the organisms in the Phylum Porifera.
  2. Be able to describe the classification, support/skeleton, sensory/nervous system, circulatory/transport, respiration/gas exchange, and reproduction/development characteristics of the organisms in the Phylum Cnidaria, including the differences between the three Classes.
  3. Be able to describe the classification and 4 main characteristics of the organisms in the Phylum Ctenophora
  4. Be able to describe the three main types of coral reefs and their general locations in the oceans.

Review Questions

  1. Define Bauplan. Describe the two main types of symmetry.
  1. If an organism is classified as asymmetrical, what does that mean? What is the only animal example that would be asymmetrical?
  1. Which type of symmetry lacks a right or left side?
  1. Define the following:
  2. Dorsal -
  3. Ventral -
  4. Sagittal Plane -
  5. Cephalization -
  1. List the nine major characteristics that scientists use to categorize animals.
  1. List the classification of anAurelia, the Common Moon Jelly, beginning with Domain and ending with Class. Be sure to include all of the classifications we have discussed!!!
  1. Explain how sponges feed. What term describes this method of feeding? Be sure to include how the nutrients move around the sponge body.
  1. Describe how sponges get rid of waste products.What is the name of the opening at the tip of the sponge? What is its function?
  1. Describe the path of water through a sponge and explain what causes water to flow through the sponge.
  1. What is the function of the following in sponge:
  2. Collar Cells-
  3. Amebocyte-
  4. Pore-
  1. Describe the processes of reproduction in sponges. Be sure to include asexual and sexual reproduction.
  1. Describe the two life cycle stages of cnidarians include the basic shape and the type of existence it is specialized for.
  1. How do cnidarians capture and ingest their prey?
  1. Describe the type of nervous system that cnidarians have.
  1. List the fourclasses that make up cnidarians and describe the differences in their life cycle stages. Give an example of an organism in each.
  1. What is the Scyphozoan larval stage called? Describe the three main stages of the life cycle of a scyphozoan.
  1. Describe the main difference between invertebrate organisms and vertebrate organisms.
  1. What is the special cell used for capturing prey called in Ctenophorans? What characteristic do Ctenophorans have that helps to attract potential prey to them?
  1. Describe the nervous system of Ctenophorans.
  1. What organisms form coral reefs? What are the organisms that are the most common reef builders?
  1. What organisms are symbiotic with the coral? What do those organisms provide for the coral?
  1. List the three conditions that are harmful to coral. Briefly explain how each is harmful.
  1. What are the three types of reefs? Where does each of these reefs form?
  1. Briefly describe how an Atoll is formed.