STUDY GUIDE UNIT #4– Porifera and Cnidaria
Essential Skills
- Be able to describe the classification, support/skeleton, sensory/nervous system, circulatory/transport, respiration/gas exchange, and reproduction characteristics of the organisms in the Phylum Porifera.
- Be able to describe the classification, support/skeleton, sensory/nervous system, circulatory/transport, respiration/gas exchange, and reproduction/development characteristics of the organisms in the Phylum Cnidaria, including the differences between the three Classes.
- Be able to describe the classification and 4 main characteristics of the organisms in the Phylum Ctenophora
- Be able to describe the three main types of coral reefs and their general locations in the oceans.
Review Questions
- Define Bauplan. Describe the two main types of symmetry.
- If an organism is classified as asymmetrical, what does that mean? What is the only animal example that would be asymmetrical?
- Which type of symmetry lacks a right or left side?
- Define the following:
- Dorsal -
- Ventral -
- Sagittal Plane -
- Cephalization -
- List the nine major characteristics that scientists use to categorize animals.
- List the classification of anAurelia, the Common Moon Jelly, beginning with Domain and ending with Class. Be sure to include all of the classifications we have discussed!!!
- Explain how sponges feed. What term describes this method of feeding? Be sure to include how the nutrients move around the sponge body.
- Describe how sponges get rid of waste products.What is the name of the opening at the tip of the sponge? What is its function?
- Describe the path of water through a sponge and explain what causes water to flow through the sponge.
- What is the function of the following in sponge:
- Collar Cells-
- Amebocyte-
- Pore-
- Describe the processes of reproduction in sponges. Be sure to include asexual and sexual reproduction.
- Describe the two life cycle stages of cnidarians include the basic shape and the type of existence it is specialized for.
- How do cnidarians capture and ingest their prey?
- Describe the type of nervous system that cnidarians have.
- List the fourclasses that make up cnidarians and describe the differences in their life cycle stages. Give an example of an organism in each.
- What is the Scyphozoan larval stage called? Describe the three main stages of the life cycle of a scyphozoan.
- Describe the main difference between invertebrate organisms and vertebrate organisms.
- What is the special cell used for capturing prey called in Ctenophorans? What characteristic do Ctenophorans have that helps to attract potential prey to them?
- Describe the nervous system of Ctenophorans.
- What organisms form coral reefs? What are the organisms that are the most common reef builders?
- What organisms are symbiotic with the coral? What do those organisms provide for the coral?
- List the three conditions that are harmful to coral. Briefly explain how each is harmful.
- What are the three types of reefs? Where does each of these reefs form?
- Briefly describe how an Atoll is formed.