Ga. Milestone Preparation for Life Science
Name______= 250pts
Parent Signature ______
Due: Tuesday 4/11/2017
Genetics
1. In humans, the allele for brown eyes (B) is dominant to the allele for blue eyes (b). What is the probability that two heterozygous brown-eyed parents will have a child with blue eyes?
B / bB / ? / ?
b / ? / ?
/ A. / 0%
/ B. / 75%
/ C. / 25%
/ D. / 50%
Classifying Organisms
2. A scientist finds a new life form and determines that it is single-celled. Which of the 6 kingdoms could it belong to?
Select the list that contains all the possible kingdoms.
/ B. / Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, and Plantae
/ C. / Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, and Fungi
/ D. / Protista and Fungi
Evolution
3. Peppered moths use the adaptation of camouflage as protection from predators. They may have a variety of colors or shades, but before the Industrial Revolution, they were typically white with black speckles. The Industrial Revolution in the 1880s introduced large-scale pollution into the environment. The pollution resulted in widespread, dark-colored staining of buildings and trees.
Which of the following was the most likely effect of the Industrial Revolution on peppered moths in cities?
/ B. / Over time, the white, speckled moths were outnumbered by plain white moths.
/ C. / The population of light-colored moths decreased and the population of dark-colored moths increased.
/ D. / The peppered moths developed a tolerance to smog and chemical waste.
Evolution
4. What does the fossil record reveal about new species of organisms?
/ A. / They changed into warm-blooded organisms./ B. / They evolved over time from older species.
/ C. / They developed without any relation to other organisms.
/ D. / They became larger over time.
Ecosystems
5.
Look at the diagram above of a food web. What would happen to the food chain if a drought occurred, and the vegetation did not grow?
/ A. / The fox would not survive./ B. / The fox would only be able to live off of energy from the sun.
/ C. / The caterpillar, partridge, and rabbit would not survive.
/ D. / All of the animals in this web would starve.
Human Body Systems
6.
Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Intestines
Which organ system do the organs above belong to?
/ A. / musculoskeletal/ B. / digestive
/ C. / cardiovascular
/ D. / endocrine
Genetics
7. Each person receives genes from his/her father and mother. Each of those parents received genes from his/her own parents. What fraction of a person's genes comes from each grandparent?
/ A. / 1/4/ B. / 3/4
/ C. / 1/6
/ D. / 1/2
Classification
8. Which is the smallest classification group?
/ A. / family/ B. / species
/ C. / class
/ D. / kingdom
Biomes
9. Which of the following bodies of water are included in the freshwater biome?
I. / riversII. / oceans
III. / lakes
IV. / streams
/ A. / I, III, and IV only
/ B. / II only
/ C. / I and IV only
/ D. / II and III only
Classifying Organisms
10. Which kingdom consists only of complex multicellular, eukaryotic organisms which must consume or ingest other organisms for nutrition?
/ A. / Eubacteria/ B. / Animalia
/ C. / Plantae
/ D. / Fungi
Genetics
11. There are two types of pea plants: those that produce round seeds and those that produce wrinkled seeds. A single gene controls which type of seed a pea plant will produce.
An experiment shows that pea plants containing an allele for wrinkled seeds may still produce round seeds.
Based on this information, we can conclude that the allele for wrinkled seeds in pea plants is______.
/ B. / dominant
/ C. / heterozygous
/ D. / homozygous
Evolution
12. What information do fossils provide about plants and animals?
/ A. / Animals and plants have not developed together./ B. / Animals and plants have changed only recently.
/ C. / Animals and plants have changed over time.
/ D. / Animals and plants have not changed over time.
Relationships
13. snake : mouse :: bear : ______
/ A. / eagle/ B. / fish
/ C. / shark
/ D. / snake
Biomes
14. Succulent plants store water. Given this characteristic, which biome would they be best suited to live in?
/ A. / freshwater/ B. / tundra
/ C. / desert
/ D. / salt water
Cells
15. Nutrients enter cells through the_____.
/ A. / endoplasmic reticulum/ B. / plasma membrane
/ C. / nucleus
/ D. / ribosomes
Ecosystems
16. A mite is a tiny organism that may "ride" on top of an insect such as beetle in order to move quickly from place to place.
This relationship between the mite and the beetle would be an example of parasitism if
/ B. / the beetle is unable to catch prey because it is slowed down by the mite.
/ C. / the beetle eats the mite.
/ D. / the beetle is neither harmed nor helped by the mite.
Genetics
17. In humans, the ability to roll one's tongue follows the dominant/recessive pattern of inheritance. The allele for tongue-rolling is dominant to the allele for non-tongue-rolling. If two homozygous parents can roll their tongues, what is the probability that their child will also be able to?
Hint: Use the Punnett Square below to help you.
R / ? / ?
R / ? / ?
/ A. / 100%
/ B. / 0%
/ C. / 75%
/ D. / 50%
Human Body Systems
18.
Brain, Spinal Cord
Which organ system do the organs above belong to?
/ A. / excretory/ B. / nervous
/ C. / musculoskeletal
/ D. / cardiovascular
Ecosystems
19. A bird builds its nest on the branch of a tree. This relationship between the bird and the tree is an example of______.
/ A. / commensalism/ B. / mutualism
/ C. / competition
/ D. / parasitism
Cells
20. Most of the activities of a cell, including growth and division, are carried out by
/ A. / the production of proteins./ B. / the movement of fats.
/ C. / the use of carbohydrates.
/ D. / the storage of water.
Classifying Organisms
21. Use the following dichotomous key to identify an irregular blue flower with five petals and a fruit that is a ripened flower ovary or follicle.
Dichotomous Key of Ranunculaceae
#1. / a. Fruit is a group of akenes. / (go to step 2)b. Fruit is a group of follicles. / (go to step 4)
#2. / a. Petals are not present. / (go to step 3)
b. Petals are present. / (Ranunculus)
#3. / a. The flower has 4 sepals. / (Clematis)
b. The flower has 5 sepals. / (Anemone)
#4. / a. The flowers are regular. / (Aquilegia)
b. The flowers are irregular. / (Delphinium)
The flower is a:
/ B. / Clematis
/ C. / Ranunculus
/ D. / Delphinium
Evolution
22. Scientists know that organisms that are more closely related will have DNA sequences more similar to each other than organisms that are distantly related. Which two organisms below would most likely have the fewest similar nucleotide sequences in a given gene?
/ A. / orangutan and howler monkey/ B. / lion and horse
/ C. / scorpion and tarantula
/ D. / alligator and earthworm
Classifying Organisms
23. The following chart summarizes the traits of various types of beans.
Kyle is making a dichotomous key to represent this information. Step 4 of his dichotomous key is shown below. Has Kyle made an error?
4a. / The bean is black. / Black Bean</b.4b. / The bean is reddish-brown. / Kidney Bean
/ A. / Yes; "The bean is black" should be "The bean is round."
/ B. / Yes; the space that contains "Black Bean" should contain "Go to step 5" instead.
/ C. / Yes; the space that contains "Kidney Bean" should contain "Pinto Bean" instead.
/ D. / No; this part of the dichotomous key has been written correctly.
Ecosystems
24. As a bee feeds upon the nectar produced by a flower, the bee may become coated with the flower's pollen. As the bee flies from flower to flower, some of this pollen may contact a flower's pistil, resulting in pollination.
This relationship between the bee and the flower is an example of______.
/ B. / competition
/ C. / commensalism
/ D. / parasitism
Genetics
25. All organisms need instructions to specify their traits. The instructions, or code, that is responsible for all the inherited traits of an organism
/ A. / is passed from the offspring to the parent./ B. / is held in genetic material called DNA.
/ C. / is formed after an organism is fully-grown.
/ D. / is stored within the mitochondria of cells.
Classifying Organisms
26. What is a dichotomous key used to do?
/ A. / Divide data into two equal levels/ B. / Separate coarse and fine particles
/ C. / Classify organisms
/ D. / Define terms related to plants
Genetics
27.
In humans, the allele for attached ear lobes (e) is recessive to the allele for free ear lobes (E).
If both of Lisa's parents have attached ear lobes, then
/ B. / Lisa must have free ear lobes.
/ C. / Lisa must have her ears pierced.
/ D. / Lisa must have attached ear lobes.
Biomes
28. A rodent hibernates to escape the long, cold winter months of this biome. Which biome does the rodent live in?
/ A. / tropical rain forest/ B. / fresh water
/ C. / coniferous forest
/ D. / desert
Lab Safety/Metrics
29. A graduated cylinder (pictured below) is used to measure
/ A. / meters./ B. / grams.
/ C. / volume.
/ D. / mass.
Cells
30. Which of the following types of organelles are most important in providing a cell with energy?
/ A. / vacuoles/ B. / cell membranes
/ C. / mitochondria
/ D. / nuclei
Scientific Method
31. Why is it important to accurately report procedures and results from an experiment?
/ A. / So that others can repeat the experiment to see if they get similar results/ B. / So that others can check that the experiment was done correctly
/ C. / So that others can disprove the results of the experiment
/ D. / So that others can admire your work
Classifying Organisms
Two scientists traveled to a remote island in the ocean. While on the island, they discovered several animals never before seen. The scientists identified and recorded several characteristics of each of the different animals. Those data are given in the table below.
Animal / Number of legs / Tail / Food / HabitatA / 4 / yes / meat / mountain
B / 4 / yes / plants / jungle
C / 6 / yes / plants / jungle
D / 6 / no / plants / caves
E / 8 / no / meat / water
F / 8 / no / meat / water
The scientists needed this information in order to group the organisms. One way to do this is to create a classification system such as the one shown in the figure below.
32. Which of the following pairs of animals CANNOT be separated into two different categories in the classification system shown in the figure?
/ A. / animals B and D/ B. / animals C and F
/ C. / animals E and F
/ D. / animals A and C
Genetics
33. Which choice below best shows various types of genetic material in order from simplest to most complex?
/ A. / gene genome chromosome/ B. / gene chromosome genome
/ C. / chromosome gene genome
/ D. / genome gene chromosome
Genetics
34. In a particular type of cat, coat color follows the dominant/recessive pattern of inheritance. The allele for a brown coat (B) is dominant to the allele for a white coat (b).
One of Mariam's cats is homozygous dominant (BB) and the other cat is heterozygous (Bb). Which of the following is true about Mariam's cats?
/ B. / They have the same genotype but different phenotypes.
/ C. / They have the same genotype and the same phenotype.
/ D. / They have different genotypes and different phenotypes.
Cells