Buckeye Spring Tournament 2012: Spider-Man Gives Chase! FAPPO!
All questions by Ohio State University (Max Bucher, Will Davis, Avery Demchak, Jacob Durst, Tyler Friesen, Matt Gerberich, Nandan Gokhale, Jarret Greene, Richard Hersch, Peter Komarek, Jasper Lee, Simon Lui, Lauren Menke, Asanka Nanayakkara, Brice Russ, Kirun Sankaran, Andy Sekerak, Keith Stephens, Joe Wells) and Virginia Commonwealth University (George Berry, Sean Smiley, Cody Voight)
Edited by George Berry, Jacob Durst, Jarret Greene, Jasper Lee, Andy Sekerak and Cody Voight
Round 4 – Tossups
1) Shortly before this battle, the losing side suffered a defeat at the Battle of Fulford. After this battle, resistance was organized by Hereward the Wake, and the ridge of Sedlac was a key defensive position here. Pope Alexander II supported the campaign of the winning commander, who had arrived at Pevensey along with his brother (*) Odo. Earlier, the losing commander at this battle defeated the forces of Harald Hardrada at Stamford Bridge. In this battle depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry, Norman cavalry overwhelmed Saxon infantry, and an arrow killed Harold Godwinson. For 10 points, name this battle where William the Conqueror secured the English throne in 1066.
ANSWER: Battle of Hastings
[AS]
2) In this poem, a rooster perches on an abandoned chapel where “only the wind’s home,” and the speaker groups Jerusalem, Vienna and Athens among the “unreal cities.” Another section of this poem describes a woman sitting in a chair like a throne, waiting for her lover, and that section also depicts two women discussing the return of a husband from the army as the bartender repeats (*) “HURRY UP PLEASE ITS TIME.” This poem includes the sections “What the Thunder Said,” and “A Game of Chess,” and it ends with the word “Shantih” being repeated three times. For 10 points, name this poem that begins “April is the Cruelest Month,” a groundbreaking work of T.S. Eliot.
ANSWER: “The Waste Land”
[JG]
3) This composer wrote a Serenade for Strings whose first movement is similar in style to Mozart and whose second movement is written in “Tempo di valse.” This composer included Serbian folk songs in his Marche Slave [“slav”]. One of this composer’s ballets has the sorcerer Von Rothbart cast a spell on (*) Odette to make her turn into a bird at day. Another of his ballets includes a Trepak, and the Mouse King dies before the Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy and the Waltz of the Flowers is performed. For 10 points, name the composer of the ballets Swan Lake and The Nutcracker.
ANSWER: Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
[JL]
4) Robert T. Paine defined one type of this entity as one whose impact on its ecosystem is disproportionately large relative to its abundance, their keystone type. r-selected ones are replaced by K-selected ones through ecological succession. One type occurs when they are distributed in a circular pattern geographically and is the ring type. (*) Peripatric, sympatric and allopatric are all types of a process that gives rise to new ones. Organisms belonging to the same one are known as conspecific. For 10 points, name this class of animals that is capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring, the smallest unit of taxonomic rank.
ANSWER: species
[CV]
5) This author created the “Don Juan in Hell” sequence in a play where Revolutionists’ Handbook author Jack Tanner is engaged to Ann Whitefield. In one play by this author, Adolphus Cusins becomes heir to Andrew Undershaft’s weapons factory after agreeing to marry the title officer of the (*) Salvation Army. In this playwright’s best-known work, Colonel Pickering bets Henry Higgins about the possibility of transforming Eliza Doolittle into a high society lady. For 10 points name this Irish playwright of Man and Superman, Major Barbara and Pygmalion.
ANSWER: George Bernard Shaw
[AS]
6) Oxalate can bind to the central atom in a coordination complex this many times. Mesons are made of this many subparticles. Tartaric, citric, and carbonic acid have this many equivalence points. Tritium contains this many neutrons in its nucleus. Alkenes contain this many (*) bonds between its carbon atoms. All s orbitals can contain up to this many electrons. This is the oxidation number of zinc, and it is the number of valence electrons in all alkaline earth metals. For 10 points, name this number, which is the atomic number of helium.
ANSWER: two [accept plus two or two plus; do not accept “minus two,” do not accept “two minus”]
[JL]
7) This conflict ended after John Talbot's defeat at the Battle of Castillon. After an engagement in this war, the Treaty of Troyes gave the ill Charles VI a new successor, and it began when Philip VI seized the territory of (*) Aquitaine. In this war, forces under the command of Edward III prevailed at the Battle of Crecy, which saw the effective use of massed longbows. Henry V's use of that weapon in this war helped rout a force of knights under Charles d’Albret at the Battle of Agincourt. During this war, the English lost the Siege of Orleans and Joan of Arc was burned at the stake. For 10 points, name this long war fought over the French throne which lasted from 1337 to 1453.
ANSWER: Hundred Years' War
[AS]
8) One of this artist’s final recordings claimed that “We Have All the Time in the World.” In St. Louis, he played with Fate Marable before joining Joe “King” Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band. Barney Bigard and Jack Teagarden joined this man’s (*) “All-Stars,” organized by his manager Joe Glaser. One of his songs begins, “I see trees of green, red roses too/ I see em bloom for me and for you.” Known for his collaborations with Ella Fitzgerald and scat singing abilities, this musician’s 1963 hit “Hello, Dolly!” preceded “What a Wonderful World.” For 10 points, name this American jazz trumpeter, nicknamed “Satchmo.”
ANSWER: Louis Armstrong
[AS]
9) The Roaring Fork, Gunnison, and Green Rivers are all tributaries of this river, and in the early 20th century, water from this river helped refill the Salton Sea. Uranium waste from the Atlas Minerals Corporation forms the Moab Tailings near this river, and the All-American Canal was built to divert its water to (*) irrigate nearby Imperial Valley. This river forms the border between Arizona and California, and Lake Mead was created on it after the construction of the Hoover Dam. For 10 points, identify this river in the American Southwest that runs through Grand Junction in its namesake state, as well as the Grand Canyon.
ANSWER: Colorado River
[AS]
10) In a story by Jean-Paul Sartre, Tom does calisthenics to keep warm while sharing a room with Pablo Ibbieta, who avoids this event after Gris is arrested. A Norman Mailer novel details the events surrounding this action being done upon Gary Gilmore. In The Idiot, a scene at Yepanchin’s house sees Myshkin recount seeing one of these events in (*) France and describe how there is no hope in this action. Sydney Carton pretends to be Charles Darnay in order to save him from this event at the end of A Tale of Two Cities. For 10 points, name this event which can be performed by firing squad or guillotine.
ANSWER: Executions [accept any and all answers pertaining to capital punishment including “getting shot by a firing squad,” “hanging” or “getting killed by the government and/or some sort of higher authority”]
[JG]
11) This figure lost an eating competition to a similarly-named opponent while in the hall of another figure with this name who ruled the Outyards. Said to be the son of Farbauti and Laufey, this figure was imprisoned by being chained to three rocks with snake (*) venom dripping above him. This figure’s wife was Sigyn, but he also had an affair with the giantess Angraboda. Although he turned into a female horse and gave birth to Sleipnir, this deity is the father of Hel, the Midgard Serpent, and Fenrir. This figure is bound in chains until Ragnarok due to his role in causing the death of Baldur. For 10 points, name this trickster from Norse myth.
ANSWER: Loki
[JL]
12) Henry Billings Brown wrote the opinion for the 7-1 majority in this Supreme Court case, and Albion Tourgée served as the plaintiff’s legal representative. John Marshall Harlan’s dissent concurred with Tourgée’s (*) 14th Amendment interpretations. This case’s plaintiff worked for the Committee of Citizens and was arrested for boarding a whites only railroad car bound for Covington, Louisiana, despite being one-eighth African-American. For 10 points, name this 1896 Supreme Court case that affirmed Jim Crow Laws and established the “separate but equal” doctrine, later overturned by Brown v. Board of Education.
ANSWER: Plessy v. Ferguson (or Ferguson v. Plessy)
[AS]
13) A number of the form a to the b, where a is algebraic and not equal to zero or one and b is algebraic and this kind of number, yields a number in this set of numbers according to Gelfond's theorem. This set of numbers include all non-complex transcendental numbers. The proof that the diagonal of a square is incommensurable proved that it was this kind of number. These numbers cannot be expressed in the (*) form a over b, where a and b are integers, and their decimal expansion never repeats or terminates. For 10 points, name this set of numbers that includes the golden ratio and the square root of two and that constitutes the real numbers with the rationals.
ANSWER: irrational numbers [accept transcendental numbers before it is read]
[CV]
14) This artist painted a mass of people in the foreground next to a white bridge spanning the Thames in The Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons. He painted shackled people sinking as birds swarm in “typhoon” conditions in one work, and in another depicted the title ship, being (*) “tugged” by a steamship, to be scrapped. Another of this painter’s works depicts a train approaching the viewer as it spans the Maidenhead Railway Bridge. For 10 points, name this Romantic landscape painter, who painted The Slave Ship, The Fighting Temeraire, and Rain, Steam, and Speed.
ANSWER: Joseph Mallord William Turner
[MJB]
15) This man argued against the design argument for God, stating that in order for it to be feasible, it must be true that order and purpose are observed only when they result from design, in Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion. This philosopher also investigated human cognition and skepticism and divided all (*) perception into ideas and impressions, and postulated a universal principle accounting for the connections that bind them together in his most famous work. For 10 points, name this Scottish philosopher and author of An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.
ANSWER: David Hume
[SL]
16) This particle was first detected Cowan and Reines. The first experiment to detect one type of this particle, the Homestake experiment, only observed roughly one-third as many as expected. That discrepancy was known as this particle's solar problem, which was reconciled by the observation that they can oscillate between their tau, muon and electron flavors. These particles were first proposed by (*) Pauli to explain the missing momentum in beta decay. For 10 points, name these nearly massless, neutral particles that the OPERA experiment measured travelling faster than the speed of light in September 2011.
ANSWER: neutrinos
[MG]
17) One matter resolved at this event was that of the Meletian schism. Attendants of this event included the priests Victor and Vicentius, who were representatives of Pope Sylvester I and assisted Hosius of Cordova in leading the proceedings, and it banned clergy from living with (*) women who were not blood relatives. This event was called in response to the Arians’ rejection of the Trinity, and this council also saw a resolution to the Easter Controversy and the establishment of canon law. For 10 points, name this first ecumenical council convened by Constantine the Great in 325 CE.
ANSWER: First Council of Nicaea (prompt on “Council of Nicaea”)
[AS]
18) This animated movie was made to appear more "filmed" by using lens artifacts, such as in one scene where the protagonist is trapped against a door by several shopping carts. Fred Willard appears in a live-action role in this film. Minor characters in this film include GO-4 ["Gopher"], which falls to its death on the Lido Deck, and the (*) cleaning-focused MO ["Moe”], voiced by sound designer Ben Burtt. The Axiom starship is one of many structures in this movie built by the "Buy-N-Large" corporation, which sent the human race into space after filling Earth with trash--until plant life was found by the sentient robot probe EVE. For 10 points, name this 2008 Pixar film which follows the title trash-compacting robot.
ANSWER: WALL-E
[BR]
19) One war fought by this nation against its southern neighbor was the Cisplatine War, and Giuseppe Garabaldi fought for the Republicans in one rebellion in this nation, called the War of the Tatters. The Duke of Caxias led this nation’s forces in one major conflict, and this nation’s independence was announced in the Cry of the (*) Ipiranga. Before his 1954 suicide, Getulio Vargas served as the fascist leader of this nation, which did not emancipate its slaves until the Golden Law of 1889 issued by the daughter of Dom Pedro II of this nation. Discovered by explorer Pedro Cabral, for 10 points, name this large South American nation, originally a colony of Portugal.
ANSWER: Federative Republic of Brazil [or Republica Federativa de Brasil]
[JG]
20) One short story by this author begins with a man that has to deal with a drunk Scratchy Wilson, who puts down his gun when learning that Potter is recently married. In another story by this author, one of the characters keeps repeating the phrase “funny they don’t see us.” This author of “The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky” and “The (*) Open Boat” also wrote a work in which the title character is left to a life of prostitution by Pete. In one novel by this author, the tattered soldier bugs Henry Fleming about the title wound. For 10 points, name this author of Maggie, A Girl of the Streets and The Red Badge of Courage.
ANSWER: Stephen Crane
[JG]