Chapter 4 Growth of the Thirteen Colonies (1607-1770) Section 2 Government, Religion, Culture

NAME______

Trouble in England

• Charles II was ______

• Many people were not satisfied with his ______

• ______II, Charles successor, tried to take powers back

• Parliament had taken some away during the English Civil War

• Also wanted to tighten control of the ______

• 1688 Parliament forced out James and replaced him with his daughter ______and her Dutch husband, William of Orange

• The change demonstrated the power of the elected representatives over the ______

• Known as the Glorious ______

• William and Mary signed the English Bill of ______in 1689

• Gave basic rights to all citizens

England’s View of it’s Colonies

• An ______resource

• Should provide ______materials (lumber)

• English manufacturers used these resources to produced ______goods

• Then ______them back to the colonists

• This is an economic theory called ______

• Theory states that as a nation’s trade grows, its ______reserves increase

• The nation then becomes more ______

• England had to export more than it imported

To Ensure England Benefited

• From trade in the Colonies

• Parliament passed several ______from 1651-1673

• ______Acts directed trade between England and the Colonies

• Made colonists use ______made in England or the Colonies

• Prevented Colonists from shipping certain products (______and sugar) outside of England’s empire

• Colonists accepted these ______

• Later they ______these restrictions

• Wanted to make and sell their own manufactured goods where they could get ______prices

• Colonists ignored these laws and began ______with other nations

Colonial Governments

• Colonists had ideas about ______when they arrived

• Developed in ______

• Political liberties like trial by jury

• ______government and representative government

• They believed that government was not all ______

• First appeared in the ______Carta

• Established limited government

• Included: protection against unfair ______

• Protected against the loss of life, ______, and property

Colonial Government

• As the colonies grew, town meetings grew into ______governments

• Made ______laws

• By the 1760’s there were three types of Colonies in America

• Charter Colonies

• Proprietary Colonies

• Royal Colonies

Charter Colonies

• Connecticut and Rhode Island

• Given a ______to establish a colony

• Colonists ______their own governor and members of the legislature

• Great Britain had the right to approve the ______

• The governor could not ______the acts of the legislature

Proprietary Colony

• Delaware, Maryland, and Pennsylvania

• Ruled by proprietors (______)

• Free to ______as they wish

• Proprietors appointed the governor and members of the upper house of the legislature

• Colonists elected the ______house

Royal Colonies

• By 1760’s- Georgia, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia

• ______directly ruled

• ______appointed a governor and council (Upper House)

• Colonists elected the ______House

• Governor and council usually did what ______leaders told them to do

• Often led to ______with the colonists in the assembly

• Most when officials tried to enforce ______laws and trade restrictions

Voting Rights

• Only some people had voting rights

• Generally, ______men who owned property

• In spite of limits, the proportion of people involved in government was higher in the colonies

• ______% higher

Great Awakening

• A ______revival through the colonies from the 1720’s-1740’s

• New England and Middle Colonies ministers called for “a new ______”

• Leaders were Jonathon Edwards and George Whitefield

• Led to the formation of many new ______

Family Roles

• Men were the ______of the household

• Men worked in the ______, built barns, houses, and fences

• ______could be indentured servants or apprentices

• Women ran the household and cared for the ______

• Many worked in the ______with their husbands

• Married women had few ______

• Unmarried women might work for wealthy families as a ______

• Widows might be teachers, nurses, or seamstresses

• Widows or unmarried could run business and own ______

• Women could not ______

Education

• ______taught children to read and write

• New England and Pennsylvania set up schools to learn to read and study the ______

• 1647- Massachusetts Puritans passed a ______education law

• Each community with 50 or more homes were required to have a ______

• By 1750- New England had a high ______rate (85% of men)

• Night schools were set up for apprentices

• Colleges were set up to train ______

• Puritans set up ______in 1626

The Enlightenment

• Many educated people were influenced by the Enlightenment

• Based on the idea that knowledge, reason, and science could ______society

• Interest in ______increased

• People observed nature, staged ______, and published findings

• Best known American scientist was Ben ______

Freedom of Press

• 1735- John Peter ______of the New York Weekly Journal was charged with libel

• Printed a ______report about the royal governor of New York

• Zenger’s lawyer (Andrew Hamilton) argued that freedom of speech was a basic English ______

• Hamilton told the jury to make their decision on whether Zenger printed the ______, not whether it was offensive

• Jury found Zenger not ______

• Important step in the development of a free press in America

Essential Question

• In what ways was an American culture developing during the colonial Period?

- The colonists adopted ideas of ______government and ______government.

- Distinct ______and ______ideas contributed to the culture

- ______was the basis of society

- Interest in ______and invention grew

- Freedom of ______was defended