INTERNET ADDICTION <16>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2007398175
Authors Mitchell K.J. Wells M.
Institution (Mitchell, Wells) University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Problematic Internet experiences: Primary or secondary presenting problems in persons seeking mental health care?
Source
Social Science and Medicine. 65(6)(pp 1136-1141), 2007. Date of Publication: Sep 2007.
Abstract
This study utilizes data from clinical reports of 1441 youth and adults in the USA to examine the types of problematic Internet experiences mental health professionals report as clients' primary or secondary presenting problems. Overall, clients who present in treatment with an Internet problem are more likely to have problems related to overuse of the Internet; use of adult pornography; use of child pornography; sexual exploitation perpetration; and gaming, gambling, or role-playing. Other Internet-related problems, such as isolative-avoidant use, sexual exploitation victimization, harassment perpetration, and online infidelity were equally likely to present in treatment as a primary problem or secondary to other mental health concerns. Some differences between youth and adult clients were also identified. Findings suggest some initial support for the importance of including Internet use, experiences, and behavior as part of an initial clinical assessment. copyright 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
ISSN 0277-9536
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Social Science and Medicine
Volume 65
Issue Part 6
Page 1136-1141
Year of Publication 2007
Date of Publication Sep 2007
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <57>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2007368501
Authors Bell V.
Institution
(Bell) Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom.
(Bell) Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, Psychology Dept. Box 78, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Online information, extreme communities and internet therapy: Is the internet good for our mental health?
Source
Journal of Mental Health. 16(4)(pp 445-457), 2007. Date of Publication: Aug 2007.
Abstract
Background: Questions have been raised about the internet's effect on mental health, although no principled review has yet tackled the issue. Aims: To examine the effect of the internet on mental health. Method: Literature review. Results: The internet is typically discussed as if it were a set of activities when it is actually a medium upon which various activities can occur. It is, therefore, neither "good" nor "bad" for mental health, although specific activities may have an influence. The standard of mental health information on the internet is probably equivalent to the mainstream media, although overall it still remains poor. The concept of "internet addiction" looks increasingly invalid, although it is likely that depressed or isolated individuals are more likely to focus on certain activities to excess. A number of "extreme communities" have formed online, such as pro-anorexia, pro-suicide, pro-amputation and likely-psychotic groups. These serve to provide support, outside a medical and social mainstream that finds their beliefs and behaviours unacceptable. A review of preliminary randomized controlled trials shows online therapy to be effective for many disorders. Conclusions: Mental health professionals are advised to lead the creation of online treatments and information. Clinical recommendations for the use of the internet are offered. Declaration of interest: None. copyright Shadowfax Publishing and Informa UK Ltd.
ISSN 0963-8237
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name Journal of Mental Health
Volume 16
Issue Part 4
Page 445-457
Year of Publication 2007
Date of Publication Aug 2007
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <71>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2007337134
Authors Flugsrud-Breckenridge M.R. Gevirtz C. Paul D. Gould III H.J.
Institution
(Flugsrud-Breckenridge, Gould III) Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.
(Gevirtz, Gould III) Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.
(Paul) Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.
(Paul, Gould III) Department of Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.
(Gould III) Pain Mastery and Rehabilitation Center of Louisiana, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Medications of abuse in pain management.
Source
Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology. 20(4)(pp 319-324), 2007. Date of Publication: Aug 2007.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chronic pain leads to a reduction in the quality of life for those who suffer it. Due also to high medical costs and lost productivity, chronic pain is a significant burden on society. One contributor to the burden of pain is the fear that medications used in pain management produce dependency, leading to diversion and addiction. Certain medications used in practice, although not abused by the patient, seem to be favored and these are frequently reported to be used recreationally by the nonpatient population. This report identifies medications that most frequently present a problem in pain practices, why they are a problem, and possible alternatives to their use. RECENT FINDINGS: Problem medications used in analgesic regimens tend to be those that have rapid onset due to their lipophilic nature or route of administration, short duration, and a sedating or energizing effect. These medications are generally more affordable than alternatives with less abuse potential. These medications are more often covered by insurance and more frequently prescribed. Changes in prescribing habits have resulted in predictable shifts in abuse. SUMMARY: Addiction and diversion of prescription medications is a multidimensional problem. Its multifactorial solution will require efforts at many regulatory levels. copyright 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
ISSN 0952-7907
Publication Type Journal: Review
Journal Name Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
Volume 20
Issue Part 4
Page 319-324
Year of Publication 2007
Date of Publication Aug 2007
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <72>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2007344633
Authors Smith F.M. Marshall L.A.
Institution
(Smith, Marshall) Department of Psychology, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
(Smith) Department of Psychology, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, United Kingdom.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Barriers to effective drug addiction treatment for women involved in street-level prostitution: A qualitative investigation.
Source
Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health. 17(3)(pp 163-170), 2007. Date of Publication: 2007.
Abstract
Objectives: To examine barriers to effective drug addiction treatment for women involved in street-level prostitution. Methods: A qualitative approach was selected to enable a detailed exploration, in an informal and unthreatening manner, of the barriers to drug addiction treatment from the women's perspective. Nine in-depth interviews were conducted with women who were involved in street-level prostitution. Transcripts of one-to-one interviews were analysed for recurrent themes using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Results: Barriers to effective addiction treatment are present at psychological, interpersonal, and wider societal levels. Themes identified included: an impoverished sense of self-worth, a lack of trust and consistency in treatment, and the absence of a comprehensive treatment package. Conclusion: Current services could be improved by the provision of a structured treatment programme designed to target the specific physical and psychological requirements of this population. Also, efforts to correct the fictitious, negative portrayals of women involved in prostitution are required, if treatment efficacy is to be improved. Copyright copyright 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ISSN 0957-9664
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health
Volume 17
Issue Part 3
Page 163-170
Year of Publication 2007
Date of Publication 2007
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <73>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2007304859
Authors Minerbo M. Soto de Bakker Silveira C. Pereira Gomes Antilla C.C. Sarmento C.L. Rubello Valler Celeri E.H. Ferreira Penna E.M. Garcia Herrera F.B. Rocha Leite Haudenschild M.C. Viegas de Almeida M.R. Simoes Abrao M. Neves De Marco O.L. de Campos Lindenberg Schoueri P. Rotella Jr. R. Gimenes Loureiro V. Tavares Primo V.
Institution
(Soto de Bakker Silveira, Pereira Gomes Antilla, Sarmento, Rubello Valler Celeri, Ferreira Penna, Garcia Herrera, Rocha Leite Haudenschild, Viegas de Almeida, Simoes Abrao, Neves De Marco, de Campos Lindenberg Schoueri, Rotella Jr., Gimenes Loureiro, Tavares Primo) Sociedade Brasiliera de Psicanalise de Sao Paulo, Av Dr Cardoso de Melo 1450- 90 andar, Sao Paulo, SP 04548-005, Brazil.
(Minerbo) Rua Alcides Pertiga, 78, Sao Paulo, SP 05413-100, Brazil.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Two faces of Thanatos: Broken flowers (2005) and Ai no corrida (1976).
Source
International Journal of Psychoanalysis. 88(3)(pp 777-790), 2007. Date of Publication: Jun 2007.
Abstract
Since Freud formulated the death instinct concept, it has received widely diverse interpretations. Even Freud advanced two versions. The concomitant analyses of two films, Ai no corrida (1976) [In the realm of the senses (1977)] and Broken flowers (2005) evince Thanatos 's two faces: the cold death of decathexis of an object, in the case of Don (in Broken flowers) and the hot death of the subject-object fusion in Sada's case (Ai no corrida). In our analysis, we elaborate two possible vicissitudes of the death instinct: in Broken flowers, the main character finds an 'analyst'and is cured. In Ai no corrida, the protagonist meets a complementary object and goes mad. copyright 2007 Institute of Psychoanalysis.
ISSN 0020-7578
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name International Journal of Psychoanalysis
Volume 88
Issue Part 3
Page 777-790
Year of Publication 2007
Date of Publication Jun 2007
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <74>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2007304844
Authors Catala B.
Institution
(Catala) Projecte Home Balears, Palma, Majorca, Spain.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Ten years of the therapeutic community, Casa Oberta (open house).
Source
Therapeutic Communities: the International Journal for Therapeutic and Supportive Organizations. 28(1)(pp 98-103), 2007. Date of Publication: Mar 2007.
Abstract
This paper describes the origins of a distinct client population of the TC Casa Oberta, which was established by Projecte Home Balears in June 1996. This organisation is a publicly-owned entity belonging to the Gobierno Insular of Mallorca. The TC has a number of characteristics that make it quite distinctive. In the first place, it is a harm reduction TC, since it admits not only users who are treated with methadone or users with a dual pathology, but also users wishing for a drug-free treatment. What makes Casa Oberta different from other substitute-prescribing maintenance programmes is the fact that in this TC we propose to go further than just the harm reduction; offering the possibility of following a personal growth programme within the atmosphere of a Therapeutic Community. This type of community unites the two therapeutic approaches: the one of the drug-free TC together with the harm reduction programmes based on substitutes maintenance.
ISSN 0964-1866
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Therapeutic Communities: the International Journal for Therapeutic and Supportive Organizations
Volume 28
Issue Part 1
Page 98-103
Year of Publication 2007
Date of Publication Mar 2007
HEALTH AND SOCIAL / POLICY <76>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2007304839
Authors Broekaert E. Colpaert K. Soyez V. Vandeplasschen W. Vandevelde S.
Institution
(Broekaert, Colpaert, Soyez, Vandeplasschen) Ghent University, Department of Orthopedagogics, H. Dunantlaan 2, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
(Vandevelde) Hogeschool Ghent, Department of Social and Community Work, Ghent, Belgium.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Transatlantic dialectics: A study on similarities and dissimilarities in approaches to substance abuse problems in the United States and Europe.
Source
Therapeutic Communities: the International Journal for Therapeutic and Supportive Organizations. 28(1)(pp 33-44), 2007. Date of Publication: Mar 2007.
Abstract
Similarities as well as differences can be observed between Europe and the United States regarding the organisation of substance abuse prevention, treatment and policy. These issues were addressed during the EWODOR Symposium, which took place in Blankenberge (Belgium) in September 2005. This paper describes the complex, underlying social and ideological background to this transatlantic comparison from a historical perspective, focusing on the changing roles and positions of TCs in Europe and the United States. A number of themes are discussed here, e.g. the origins of TCs; the increasing importance of treatment evaluation and evidence-based research; the introduction of methadone as a therapeutic means; and harm reduction initiatives. In their conclusions, the authors refer to an evolution that is taking place on both sides of the Atlantic towards comprehensive or integrated treatment systems, whereby harm reduction practitioners collaborate in mutual understanding with therapeutic communities and other drug-free treatment modalities.
ISSN 0964-1866
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Therapeutic Communities: the International Journal for Therapeutic and Supportive Organizations
Volume 28
Issue Part 1
Page 33-44
Year of Publication 2007
Date of Publication Mar 2007
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <85>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2007327402
Authors Matto H. Miller K.A. Spera C.
Institution
(Matto) Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Social Work, 1001 W. Franklin St., PO Box 842027, 23284 Richmond, VA, United States.
(Spera) Caliber, an ICF International Company, Fairfax, VA, United States.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Examining the relative importance of social context referents in predicting intention to change substance abuse behavior using the EASE.
Source
Addictive Behaviors. 32(9)(pp 1826-1834), 2007. Date of Publication: Sep 2007.
Abstract
There is growing consensus across literatures that more than individual motivation and "will to change" influence whether a client will be able to make and sustain recovery-related changes to prevent drug relapse post-treatment. New areas of inquiry in the substance abuse field have proposed conceptual models that promote an integration of both individual and social context factors, which offer the opportunity for important developments in clinical practice. This study examined the influence of social context referents on clients' intention to change substance abusing behaviors. The Ecological Assessment of Substance abuse Experiences (EASE), an instrument that measures the influence of social context referents on addiction and recovery behaviors, was administered to 302 inpatient and outpatient adults in treatment for substance abuse. Results showed that the number of people in his/her social network favorable towards recovery (Beta = .222); the extent to which one personally identifies with being in recovery (Beta = .339); the perceived importance of people in the client's social network encouraging recovery-related behaviors (Beta = .369); weak beliefs that drugs will lead to positive outcomes (Beta = - .220); and strong beliefs that recovery will lead to positive outcomes (Beta = .307) were all associated with intention to change substance abusing behavior. copyright 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.