They Say I Say1

STEAL THESE PHRASES!

INTRODUCING WHAT “THEY” SAY

Capturing Authorial Intention

X acknowledges that ______

X agrees that ______

X argues that ______

X reasons that ______

X illustrates that ______

X believes that ______

X denies/does not deny that ______

X offers evidence that ______

X reveals that ______

X proves that ______

X claims that ______

X demonstrates that ______

X emphasizes that ______

X celebrates the fact that ______

X questions whether ______

X reminds us that ______

X rationalizes ______

X defends ______

X urges us to ______

Introducing quotations

X states, “______.”

As the prominent philosopher X puts it, “______.”

According to X, “______.”

In her book, ______, X maintains that, “______.”

Writing in the journal ______, X complains that, “______.”

In X’s view, “______.”

X agrees when she writes, “______.”

As X explains in her essay ______, “ ______.”

MAKING WHAT “THEY” SAY SOMETHING YOU SAY

Explaining Quotations

Basically, X is saying ______

In other words, X believes ______

In making this comment, X argues that ______

X is insisting that ______

X’s point is that ______

The essence of X’s argument is that ______

X shows that ______

Adding Metacommentary

In other words, ______

But above all, ______

Incidentally, ______

COMMONLY USED TRANSITIONS

Cause and Effect

Accordingly hence

As a result it follows, then

consequently so then

since therefore

thus

Conclusion

as a result in short

consequently so

hence in conclusion, then

in sum, then thus

it follows, then to summarize

therefore

Comparison

along the same lines likewise

in the same waysimilarly

Contrast

although but

by contrast conversely

despite the fact that even though

however in contrast

nevertheless nonetheless

on the contraryon the other hand

regardlesswhereas

whileyet

Addition

also besides

furthermore in addition

in fact indeed

moreover so too

Concessions

admittedly although it is true that

grantedI concede that

of course naturally

to be sure

Example

after all as an illustration

consider for example

for instance this is shown

to take a case in point specifically

Elaboration

actually by extension

in short that is

in other wordsto put it another way

to put it bluntly to put it succinctly

ultimately

Naming the Naysayers

His audience of clergymen would probably disagree with his argument for ______

The middle-class men listening would likely disagree with X that ______

Americans of that era would be skeptical of the idea that ______

Here many feminists would probably object that ______

But social Darwinists would certainly take issue with the argument that ______

Biologists, of course, may want a dispute my claimed that ______

Nevertheless both followers and critics of Malcolm X will probably argue that ______

Although not all Christians think alike, some of them will probably dispute the claim that ______

Non-native English speakers are so diverse intheir views that it’s hard to generalize about them, but some are likely to object on the grounds that ______