Table 6. Cox Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis: Predictors of Postoperative Mortality (Full List of Model Variables)

Variable / HR / P value / 95% CI
Small left ventricle / 0.71 / 0.08 / 0.49-1.05
Female / 0.92 / 0.66 / 0.66-1.30
Age, years / 1.02 / <0.001 / 1.01-1.04
BMI, kg/m2 / 1.06 / 0.03 / 1.01-1.12
BSA, m2 / 0.22 / 0.04 / 0.05-0.97
Ischemic etiology / 1.27 / 0.14 / 0.92-1.76
Hypertension / 0.97 / 0.88 / 0.72-1.31
Diabetes mellitus / 0.98 / 0.90 / 0.73-1.31
Smoking history / 0.93 / 0.66 / 0.69-1.26
Preoperative short-term MCS / 1.12 / 0.43 / 0.84-1.49
Device type / 1.35 / 0.1 / 0.94-1.93
Laboratory
Hemoglobin, g/dL / 0.98 / 0.18 / 0.78-1.04
WBC, 1,000/mm3 / 1.05 / 0.11 / 0.98-1.11
Platelets, 1,000/mm3 / 0.99 / 0.47 / 0.99-1.01
Sodium, mEq/L / 0.99 / 0.76 / 0.93-1.04
Creatinine, mg/dL / 1.07 / 0.72 / 0.70-1.64
BUN, mg/dL / 1.01 / 0.23 / 0.99-1.02
AST, U/L / 1.01 / 0.27 / 0.99-1.01
ALT, U/L / 0.99 / 0.10 / 0.99-1.01
Total bilirubin, mg/dL / 0.99 / 0.93 / 0.82-1.18
Albumin, g/dL / 0.62 / 0.03 / 0.39-0.97
INR / 0.68 / 0.34 / 0.30-1.50
Echocardiogram
LVEF % / 0.99 / 0.84 / 0.92-1.06
LVEDD, cm / 1.04 / 0.77 / 0.78-1.37
Severe TR / 1.57 / 0.03 / 1.03-2.41
Severe MR / 0.84 / 0.37 / 0.59-1.21
Severe AR / 0.97 / 0.97 / 0.30-3.19
Right heart catheterization
Cardiac index, L/min/m2 / 1.50 / 0.10 / 0.92-2.44
CVP, mmHg / 1.04 / 0.06 / 0.99-1.09
PAP, mmHg / 0.99 / 0.95 / 0.96-1.03
PCWP, mmHg / 0.98 / 0.51 / 0.94-1.03
CCP / 1.29 / 0.08 / 0.96-1.74
Postoperative right heart failure / 1.69 / <0.001 / 1.28-2.22

ALT = alanine aminotransferase; AR = aortic valve regurgitation; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; BMI = body mass index; BSA = body surface area; BUN = blood urea nitrogen; CCP = concomitant procedure; CI = confidence interval; CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass; CVP = central venous pressure; HR = hazard ratio; INR = international normalized ratio; LVEDD = left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; MCS = mechanical circulatory support; MR = mitral valve regurgitation; PAP = pulmonary artery pressure; PCWP = pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; PVR = pulmonary vascular resistance; RVAD = right ventricular assist device; TR = tricuspid valve regurgitation; WBC = white blood cell.