- List 4 criteria of living organisms.
- List 3 sources of information regarding human biology.
- One of the key aspects of science, part of what makes science – science is…?
- Describe (briefly) the following…
- categorical research
- correlative research
- experimental
- There are 2 branches of research – basic and applied – testing a drug on animals would be considered which type of research?
- What 2 types of reasoning are involved in the scientific method?
- What is the role of statistics in research/science?
- What is anecdotal evidence?
- What is peer review?
- What is one suggestion for evaluating someone’s findings/claims for validity?
Quiz – Chemistry_1
- Substance Z has 24 protons and 26 neutrons
Atom number =
Atom mass =
Number of electrons =
protons = ____; electrons = ____; neutrons = ____; atomic mass = ___
- Why do 2 hydrogens and one oxygen form into H2O?
O H*
- Draw the covalent bond arrangement of H2O.
- Name 2 other types of chemical bonds.
a.
b.
- The magic number for most atoms is 8. What is meant by this?
- Which of the following is an element?
a. O2b. CO2c. PO4d. C6H12O6
Quiz – Chemistry_2
- Which of the following are organic?
a. dog hairf. H2O
b. C6H12O6g. whale blubber
c. NaClh. silicone chip
d. meati. CO2
e. graphitej. plastic
- If 100 HCl molecules are put into a cup of water, how many H+ will you get?
What if 100 H2CO2 are put in a cup of water, how many H+ will you get?
- Assume the pH of solution X is 8.4.
Is this basic or acidic?
If HCl is added without a buffer, the pH will be ______.
- An ion is a ______particle (atom or compound).
- Free radicals have an unpaired ______. They can be “neutralized” by substances called ______.
Quiz – Chemistry_3
- Protein_____a. C6H12O6
- Lipids_____b. amino acids
- CHO’s_____c. cholesterol
- Nucleotides_____d. sugar
e. peptide
f. nitrogen base & phosphate
g. fats & oils
h. DNA
- Make 2 polymers of □ (use 4 □)
- Name a mono-, di-, and polysaccharide.
- Which of the following is NOT a monosaccharide?
a. sucroseb. glycogenc. fructosed. a & b
- Is the following a steroid?
Quiz – Cells
- Briefly explain the two parts of the cell theory.
- Cyto means…
- Rank from smallest to largest…eukaryotic, virus, prokaryotic
Kingdom / Eurokaryote / Prokaryote / significance / example
monera
protista
fungi
plant
animal
- Which kingdom has prokaryote cells?
a. monera
b. animal
c. protista
d. a & c
- Humans are made of ______cells.
a. prokaryote
b. eukaryote
Quiz – Plasma Membrane/Organelles
- T/F – The plasma membrane is the same as a cell wall.
- Sketch a portion of the plasma membrane.
- ______is defined as movement from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
a. osmosis
b. active transport
c. diffusion
d. facilitated diffusion
- Active Transport______a. req. ATP
Passive Diffusion______b. reg. carrier protein
Facilitated Diffusion ______c. reg. concentration gradient
d. O2
e. glucose
f. Na+ (sodium)
- Mitochondria_____a. makes protein
Endoplasmic Reticulum_____b. “packages” (verb)
Rough Endop. Reticul._____c. makes ATP
Golgi body_____d. makes lipids
Vacuoles_____e. stores “stuff”
- microtubule_____a. straw
microfilament_____b. pipe cleaner
d. centriole
Quiz – Cell Division
- Interphase
- Anaphase
- first formed
but not showing
- shows up – can be seen in microscope
- Telophase
- Draw Metaphase
- Explain what happens during S phase.
Quiz – Cell Cycle
- S stands for…
- G stands for…
- a. anaphase
b. prophase
c. interphase
d. metaphase
e. telophase
- Cytokinesis occurs during what phase?
- Do chromosomes exist during early interphase? Y/N
Quiz – Tissues
- _____ “gray” mattera. epithelial
- _____ Achilles tendonb. muscle
- _____ myocardiumc. connective
- _____ surface of skind. nerve
- _____ sciatic n.
- _____ pancreas
- _____ skin
- _____ lining of throat
- _____ contractile tissue of intestine
- _____ spinal cord
- _____ inside of veins
- _____ biceps
- _____ knee cartilage
- _____ liver
- _____ spinal discs
- _____ ear (framework)
- _____ lungs
- _____ Pituitary gland
Quiz – skIntegumentary System
- _____ surface of skina. keratin
- _____ nerve endingsb. epidermis
- _____ hairc. dermis
- _____ subcutaneous fatd. hypodermis
- _____ nails
- _____ blood vessels
- _____ sweat glands
- List 2 roles of skin.
a.
b.
- _____ lubricate haira. sweat glands
_____ dissipate heatb. apocrine glands
_____ personal scentc. sebaceous glands
- Surface area of skin is ~ ______.
a. 0.5 m2
b. 2.0 m2
c. 4.0 m2
d. 6.0 m2
Quiz – Bone
- List 2 roles of the skeletal system.
a.
b.
- Bone “tissue” is composed of ______, ______, and
______.
- Bones start out as ______“tissue.”
- Osteoblasts ______!
- Joints typically include ______, ______, and
______.
- A sprain is damage to ______.
- A strain is damage to ______.
Quiz – Nervous System
- Label the following:
- What makes up the CNS?
- One word description:
Somatic N.S.______
Autonomic N.S.______
Sympathetic N.S.______
ParasympatheticN.S.______
- + + + + + + +Rest Potential
------=
------______V
+ + + + + +
- Draw the above with thePotential
middledepolarized =>=______V
Quiz – Muscle
- Muscle cell = muscle ______
- Put the following events in the correct order
_____ Ca+2 released
_____ Impulse sent from nerve
_____ Travels along T- tubules
_____ Crosses NM junction
_____ Myofibrils overlap
_____ Travels along sarcolemma
- Which of the above is contraction/shortening?
Req. Nerve Stim. / striated / Req. Calcium / myogenic
Smooth m. (single unit)
Smooth m. (multi unit)
cardiac m.
skeletal m.
- What is "bundles of bundles" all about?
- What is "bounded and bounded" all about?
- How does impulse get across the synapse?
Quiz – Respiratory System
- What is the primary muscle used for breathing?
- When does this muscle (from #1) contract?
- inspiration
- expiration
- both
- When one "breaths in" the muscle (from #1) moves up or down in the chest cavity?
- If ambient pressure is 500 mm Hg and intrapulmonary pressure is 460 mm Hg then air will move from ______to ______.
- Based on the conditions described in the table determine the (value/number for) the following…
- PYO2 =
- PXN2=
- PXCO2=
- O2 will diffuse from ______to ______.
- N2 will diffuse from ______to ______.
Bonus:
- FYCO2 = ______
PO2= 75 mm Hg
PCO2= 150 mm Hg
compartment X
/ Ptotal = 500 mm HgPO2= 100 mm Hg
PCO2= 50 mm Hg
compartment Y
- What determines whether or not a gas will diffuse (move)?
- total air pressure
- partial pressure
- neither
- both
- The key regulator of breathingis _____.
a. O2
b. CO2
c. lactic acid
- VE can by as much as ~ _____ times resting VE during exercise.
P = 10P = ______Why?
- By the time air reaches the alveoli (deep in the lungs) it is conditioned to be:
______
______
______
- Which tube will have greater resistance to flow? Why?
a.
b.
c.
Quiz – Cardiovascular System
- What are the components of the pulmonary circuit of the CNS?
- Why does CO2 leave muscle and go to the blood?
- Normal blood pressure is
- Pacemaker of the heart is the ______node.
- Cardiac output ______() with exercise.
- During exercise the % of blood
flow to muscle ______()
flow to brain ______()
- Changes in distribution of blood flow is mediated via ______.
- arteries
- capillaries
- arterioles
Quiz -Cardiovascular
- ______a. Left Atria
Order of Blood Flowb. Left Ventricle
c. Right Atria
d. Right Ventricle
e. Lungs (Pulm. circuit)
f. Body (Systemic circuit)
- List 2 points about the valves of the heart:
- List 2 points about coronary arteries:
This is called a/n ______.
It is important because:
- An arrhythmia is a/an…
- _____ determine blood flow distributiona. arteries
_____ high oxygenb. arterioles
_____ carry blood toward heartc. veins
_____ high pressure
Quiz - Cardiovascular
- What is the name of the heart muscle?
- List the 4 chambers of the heart – in the order in which blood flows through them.
- What is the purpose of the valves in the heart?
- The coronary arteries supply blood to the ______. (Don't say heart!)
- The pacemaker of the heart is known as the ______.
- What makes the heart sounds (lub dub)?
- What is this called…
- What does is "measure"?
- Generally, what is it used for?
- Name the two basic ways that heart rate can be altered
Quiz – Immune System
- ______Leucocytesa. histamine
______Neutrophilsb. antibodies
______Monocytec. most WBC
______B Lymphocyted. W.B.C. (white blood cells)
______Basophile. mast cell
______T Lymphocytef. plasma cell
g. cell mediated immune
h. helper & killer
- ______Inflammationa. proteins
______Natural killer cellsb. released when virus infects cells
______Interferonc. heat, red, swollen
______Compliment systemd. first line of defense
f. involves release of histamine etc
g. prevents viral replication h. destroys foreign cells
- How do antibodies work? Give 1 example.
- What is the role of macrophages:
- What are the basic steps of humoral (aka B cell) mediated immunity
- If a person has memory cells, one could also say that they are…
- A person with type AB blood has what protein(s) on their RBC surface?Are these considered antigens?
Quiz – Urinary System
- _____ Bowman’s Capsulea. carries fluid to bladder
- _____ Ureterb. tuft/ball of capillaries
- _____ Nephronc. functional unit of kidney
- _____ Urethrad. capillaries that surround tubules
- _____ Glomeruluse. carries fluid out of bladder
- _____ Tubulesf. collects filtrate from blood
- _____ Peritubular capillariesg. where filtrate is made into urine
- Kidney influences
- temperature
- blood pressure
- pH
- b & c
- ADH (antidiuretic hormone) will or urine formation?
- Name 1 process involved in urine formation:
Quiz - Digestion
- _____ Moutha. store food
_____ Stomachb. digestion
_____ Small Intestinec. removes H2O
_____ Large Intestined. mechanical breakdown
- _____ Enzymesa. regulate digestion
_____ Hormonesb. breakdown food (chem.. digest.)
_____ Bilec. breaks up fat
_____ Bacteriad. produces various substances
- _____ villia. stores CHO
_____ liverb. makes enzymes
_____ pancreasc. mixes & moves
_____smooth muscled. absorption
- Bacteria are present in GI tract. T or F _____
- Digestion begins in stomach. T or F _____
- Gall bladder makes bile. T or F _____
- Some substances can be absorbed in stomach. T or F _____
Quiz - Energy
- The “acronym” to remember the 6 types of energy is:
- The 2 states of energy are:
- Give an example of transformation of energy:
- The chemical energy used for energy by the body is:
- List 1 process involved in making #4:
- Kcals/day______
- Kcals/mile ______
- Kcals/lb fat ______
Quiz – Energy Metabolism
- Name 2 forms (not states) of energy:
- What is the chemical form of energy used by the body?
- Organize the following terms in proper sequence with respect to aerobic energy production: ______
- citric acid cycle (Kreb’s cycle)
- electron transport chain
- glycolysis
- Which process described in #3 utilizes O2?
- What is the advantage of anaerobic metabolism?
- What is the disadvantage of anaerobic metabolism?
- Why is the body considered a machine?
Quiz – Endocrinology
- Chemically, hormones are ______or ______.
- What is the role of hormonal receptors?
- If ½ life of X is 30’, then what is [X] after 90’? Initial [X] = 1000.
- Master Gland =
- Insulin causes:
- Body’s thermostat =
- Adrenaline causes:
- Most hormones are released in a sustained manner. T or F _____
- Treatment for too little hormone?
- Treatment for too much hormone?
Quiz – Heredity
- Define an allele:
- Long eyelashes describe genotype or phenotype? ______
- QQ & qq probability of q phenotype?
- Wavy hair is an example of ______dominance.
- AB blood type is an example of ______dominance.
- Is a defect associated with a dominant gene ALWAYS expressed?
- A gene found on the X chromosome but not on the Y is always expressed in ______(gender?)
Quiz – Genetics
- Define a gene:
- Using the first letter of the alphabet, indicate the following genotypes...
- homozygous dominant
- homozygous recessive
- heterozygous
- Freckled person (ff) marries a freckle carrier (Ff). What is probability of having a child with freckles?
- What is the probably of having 3 boys in a row?
- How is a gamete different than other cells?
DNA / RNA
type of sugar
# of bases
# of common bases
helix (y or n)
single or double strand
where found (in the cell)
Quiz – Molecular Biology
- _____ present at ribosomea. DNA
- _____ present during transcriptionb. tRNA
- _____ present during translationc. rRNA
- _____ carry amino acidsd. mRNA
- _____ contain codon
- _____ contain anticodon
- Proteins are the most important biomolecule. T or F _____
- Enzymes are made directly by protein synthesis. T or F _____
- Genes control behavior. T or F _____
- The best genes are Levi’s. T or F _____
Quiz –