Essentials of Fire Fighting (4Th Edition-FF1)-Chapter 4 Statements

Essentials of Firefighting (4th Edition)
Chapter 4-Personal Protective Equipment
FF1 Test Review (Statements)

• NFPA 1973 sets the requirements for personal protective equipment.
• Firefighters should leave hazardous areas immediately upon hearing low-pressure SCBA alarm.
• Faceshields on helmets provide only secondary protection (goggles are primary).
• Chlorine can be expected to be present in large quantities at water treatment plants.
• Approved methods for emergency exit of a building include following a hoseline out, contacting a wall and crawling in only one direction, and activating PASS device/call out for help.
• NFPA 1404 contains the requirements for SCBA programs.
• Lightweight helmets and goggles are preferred for wildland firefighting.
• 3/4 boots are no longer acceptable for structural firefighting.
• Safety glasses or goggles are necessary during vehicle extrication, structural fires, and medical transport.
• NFPA requires protective coats to have 3 layers (fire, thermal, vapor).
• Damage to SCBA O-rings can be prevented by bleeding off excess pressure between cylinder valve and fill hose before disconnecting.
• SCBA cylinders should be placed in a shielded fill station before filling.
• Wide brims on helmets protect firefighter's ears and neck from hot water and embers.
• The inner liner of protective coats provides protection against heat.
• Carbon monoxide can cause unconsciousness or death at very low levels even without physiological symptoms.
• Undergarments worn under brush gear should be 100% cotton.
• Safety glasses and goggles protect the wearer against approximately 85% of all eye hazards.
• Lace-up or zip-up safety boots with lug or grip-tread soles, 8 to 10 inches high are recommended for wildland firefighting.
• Toxic gases given off at a fire depend on the nature of the combustible, rate of heating, and temperature of evolved gases.
• Protective trousers must be constructed of the same number of layers as protective coats.
• Earplugs should not be used during structural firefighting due to that fact that they may melt and interfere with communications.
• Oxygen starvation is commonly termed hypoxia.
• Station work uniforms should not contain polyester as is can melt or burn during exposure to high temperatures.
• Airlines should be used with open-circuit facepieces, a regulator, and egress cylinder.
• Plastic releases hydrogen chloride gas when exposed to excessive heat or flame.
• Frames and lenses of firefighter's prescription safety eyeglasses must meet ANSI Z87.1 standards.
• Protective boots must contain a stainless steel midsole plate to be considered puncture-resistant.
• The combined effect of 2 toxic substances that are more harmful that either by themselves is termed synergistic effect.
• Hydrogen chloride can be expected as a fire gas emitted by a toy store fire.
• Most eye injuries are easily preventable.
• The size of a smoke particle determines how deeply into the lungs it can be inhaled.
• Hydrogen chloride attacks the body by causing swelling and obstruction of the upper respiratory tract.
• NFPA 1581 requires that PPE be cleaned and dried at least every 6 months.
• Only parts from an SCBA's manufacturer should be used the replacing or repairing.
• Polyurethane foam releases hydrogen cyanide when exposed to excessive heat or flame.
• Firefighting gloves should resist cuts, punctures, and liquid absorption.
• Glove dexterity may be reduced to provide protection.
• Hydrogen cyanide can be expected to be present in clothing store fires.
• SCBA facepiece straps should be tightened by pulling them simultaneously to the rear.
• A room concentration of 1% carbon monoxide will elevate CO levels in the blood by 50% in 2 1/2 to 7 minutes.
• When necessary to remove SCBA to clear restrictive spaces, the SCBA should go through the opening first.
• Carbon monoxide (CO) causes more fire deaths than any other product of combustion.
• Excessive heat (above 120oF) taken into the lungs can cause edema, asphyxiation, and failure of the respiratory system.
• When an SCBA facepiece is cool, internal fogging is likely to occur.
• Nitrogen dioxide attacks the body by causing pulmonary edema, blocking the body's natural respiration process.
• The body responds to oxygen-deficient atmospheres by increasing respiratory rate.
• Insulation laminated into rubber boots can cause fatigue from the weight of the boot.
• Pyroxylin plastics releases nitrogen dioxide when exposed to excessive heat or flame.
• Hydrogen cyanide has an almond odor.
• 10% to 12% concentrations of carbon dioxide are fatal within a few minutes.
• Administration of oxygen is the most important first aid for carbon monoxide poisoning.
• Hydrogen cyanide can be absorbed into the skin.
• Low-pressure SCBA hoses are corrugated to prevent them from collapsing.
• Carbon monoxide attacks the body by combining with the blood's hemoglobin which crowds oxygen from attaching.
• Carbon monoxide levels as low as 1% can cause unconsciousness or death.
• Freon releases phosgene gas when exposed to excessive heat or flame.
• The lower straps of an SCBA facepiece should be tightened first.
• 30 minute cylinders contain 45 ft3 of breathing air at 2,216 psi.
• Nitrogen dioxide can usually be found in confined spaces such as feed storage silos.
• SCBA equipment should be removed from service and inspected at least monthly.
• SCBA's can add 25 to 35 lbs. to the firefighter.
• Another name for Personal Alert Safety System (PASS) is PAD (Personal Alert Device).
• OSHA prohibits firefighters from wearing contact lenses while using SCBAs.
• NFPA 1500 allows firefighters who have worn contact lenses, while using SCBAs for more than 6 months without problems, to wear them.
• The air supply drawn from an SCBA cylinder depends on the wearers training and experience.
• Phosgene gas has a musty hay odor.
• Closed-circuit breathing apparatus are lighter due to the fact that they contain a small cylinder containing pure oxygen.
• In the event of impending unconsciousness, the firefighter can place a flashlight on the ground shining toward the ceiling.
• Carbon dioxide causes death by paralyzing the brain's respiratory center, resulting in cardiac and respiratory arrest.
• Use of a nosecup can prevent internal facepiece fogging.
• Cascade systems consist of a minimum of 3 cylinders.
• SCBA pressure gauge readings are most accurate at the upper range of their working pressures.
• SCBA facepieces should be checked for proper positive pressure fit when donning.
• DOT defines hazardous material as any substance which may pose an unreasonable risk to health and safety if not properly controlled during handling.
• Checking a facepiece for proper positive pressure can be accomplished by inserting 2 fingers along seal to feel air movement.
• Breathing apparatus should be cleaned and sanitized immediately after each use.
• Paper towels should not be used on facepieces as it will scratch the lens.
• Seat mounting allows SCBAs to be donned while en route.
• Facial features, neurological functioning, and emotional stability, all affect the firefighter's ability to use SCBAs effectively.
• All valves and cylinder pressure should be checked prior to donning SCBAs.
• PASS device training should occur every 6 months.
• Phosgene gas may be encountered in a meat market fire due to refrigerants in use.
• Closed-circuit SCBAs are available in durations from 30 minutes to 4 hours.
• SCBA waist straps help to distribute weight.
• If one member's low-pressure alarm sounds, all members of the team should exit the area.
• Facepiece and SCBA harness straps should be stored in the fully extended position.
• High-pressure hose should be hand-tightened when attaching to the cylinder.
• 60 minute cylinders contain 87 ft3 of breathing air at 4,500 psi.
• Remote pressure gauges should read within 100 psi of the cylinder gauge.
• Phosgene gas forms hydrochloric acid when inhaled into the lungs.
• Regulators can be found attached to the facepiece, on the shoulder strap, or mounted on the waist strap.