Accelerated Biology Test: Chapter 6 2010-2011

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Table 5-1 shows the population sizes for 6 different species in four different areas.

Area / Species U / Species V / Species W / Species X / Species Y / Species Z
A / 3 / 7 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 4
B / 0 / 6 / 8 / 0 / 6 / 6
C / 0 / 0 / 2 / 0 / 0 / 2
D / 4 / 3 / 11 / 1 / 6 / 0

Table 5-1

____ 1. If the four areas in Table 5-1 were the only places in the world to find these organisms, which species most likely faces the greatest chance of extinction?

a. / Species U / c. / Species Y
b. / Species X / d. / Species Z

____ 2. Which area in Table 5-1 has the greatest biodiversity?

a. / Area A / c. / Area C
b. / Area B / d. / Area D

____ 3. The number of different species in the biosphere is called

a. / biodiversity. / c. / genetic diversity.
b. / ecosystem diversity. / d. / species diversity.

____ 4. The sulfur and nitrogen compounds in smog combine with water to form

a. / ozone. / c. / acid rain.
b. / ammonia. / d. / chlorofluorocarbons.

____ 5. A biologist is searching for a new plant-based antibiotic. In which of the following types of ecosystems would the biologist have the best chance of finding new kinds of plants to use in her research?

a. / highland desert / c. / temperate deciduous forest
b. / polar tundra / d. / tropical rain forest

____ 6. The extinction rate of terrestrial and freshwater species is currently higher than the extinction rate of marine species. What is the most likely reason for this?

a. / Human activities have a greater impact on terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems.
b. / There are no economic incentives for humans to use ocean resources.
c. / Marine organisms have had a longer time to adapt to their environment.
d. / The oceans have a greater area than land and freshwater ecosystems combined.

Figure 5-3

____ 7. What effect did the loss of species B have on species A and D in Figure 5-3?

a. / it caused the populations of A and D to decrease
b. / it caused the populations of A and D to increase
c. / it caused the populations of A and D to become extinct
d. / it had no effect on the populations of A and D

____ 8. Examine the graph in Figure 5-3. Which species were not affected by the loss of species B?

a. / species A, C, and E / c. / species C only
b. / species C and E / d. / species E only

____ 9. Which of the following resources can be considered renewable?

a. / natural gas / c. / uranium
b. / quartz / d. / water

____ 10. The cheetah population was around 100,000 in 1900. Today, fewer than 12,000 cheetahs remain. What type of natural resource are cheetahs considered to be?

a. / nonrenewable / c. / reusable
b. / renewable / d. / sustainable

____ 11. Which of the following practices can help conserve an area’s biodiversity?

a. / biological magnification / c. / species introduction
b. / habitat fragmentation / d. / sustainable usage

____ 12. All of the following are threats to biodiversity EXCEPT

a. / increase of toxic compounds.
b. / habitat fragmentation.
c. / invasive species.
d. / species preservation.

____ 13. The goals of conservation biology include all of the following EXCEPT

a. / wise management of natural resources.
b. / protection and management of individual species.
c. / preservation of habitats and wildlife.
d. / introducing foreign species into new environments.

____ 14. Some scientists think that global warming is

a. / a natural variation in climate.
b. / a result of human activity.
c. / melting the polar ice caps.
d. / all of the above

____ 15. The major cause of ozone depletion is

a. / nitric acid. / c. / chlorofluorocarbons.
b. / sulfuric acid. / d. / ultraviolet light.

____ 16. The major threat to biodiversity is

a. / habitat fragmentation / c. / habitat degradation
b. / habitat loss / d. / exotic species

____ 17. Acid rain changes the pH of soil, killing some trees. This is an example of

a. / habitat fragmentation / c. / habitat degradation
b. / global warming problems / d. / exotic species

____ 18. Salvinia molesta, a floating aquatic plant, first entered Lake Naivasha in Kenya when a person’s fish ponds flooded. The plant quickly grew, changing the habitat of parts of the lake. This is an example of a problem due to

a. / reintroduction programs / c. / habitat fragmentation
b. / exotic species / d. / edge effect

____ 19. Which of the following species is extinct?

a. / American bald eagle / c. / passenger pigeon
b. / bison (buffalo) / d. / giant panda

____ 20. Water and air pollution are examples of

a. / habitat fragmentation / c. / edge effect
b. / habitat degradation / d. / sustainable use

____ 21. When species lose their habitats, they may

a. / lack food / c. / be in danger of becoming extinct
b. / lack shelter / d. / all of the above

____ 22. The greatest source of air pollution is

a. / volcanic eruptions / c. / burning of fossil fuels
b. / forest fires / d. / CFC’s

____ 23. When exotic species are introduced into an area their populations may grow exponentially because the species

a. / are large / c. / lack competitors and predators
b. / are predators / d. / are small

____ 24. The African elephant population was greatly reduced between 1070 and 1990 due to

a. / habitat degradation / c. / habitat loss
b. / excessive hunting / d. / all of the above

____ 25. Which of the following sequences is the most likely to occur?

a. / endangered species, to threatened species, to extinct species
b. / extinct species, to threatened species, to endangered species
c. / threatened species, to endangered species, to extinct species
d. / threatened species, to extinct species, to endangered species

____ 26. Which of the following animals would be least affected by habitat fragmentation?

a. / wolves / c. / zebras
b. / hawks / d. / lions

____ 27. The removal of coral reefs by people is an example of habitat

a. / fragmentation / c. / loss
b. / degradation / d. / preservation

____ 28. National parks help prevent the extinction of many species by

a. / preserving the species habitats / c. / introducing exotic species
b. / reducing pollution / d. / allowing the sustainable use of resources

____ 29. The use of naturally occurring microorganisms that have been genetically engineered and that can be used to degrade petroleum products is called

a. / biodiversity / c. / exotic species
b. / bioremediation / d. / cloning

____ 30. Materials that are used to soak up oil spills are called

a. / booms / c. / sorbents
b. / skimmers / d. / chemical dispersants

____ 31. The oil that you treated in class with penicillin began to break up and turn to what color?

a. / black / c. / orange
b. / yellow / d. / white

____ 32. ______is used to contain an oil spill.

a. / boom / c. / sorbents
b. / skimmer / d. / chemical dispersants

____ 33. Amur honeysuckle and Kudzu are examples of

a. / biodiversity / c. / exotic species
b. / native species / d. / endangered species

____ 34. Habitat fragmentation often leads to

a. / increased species diversity within an area / c. / decreased species diversity
b. / larger habitats for species / d. / an increased food supply for species

____ 35. What is an example of a renewable resource?

a. / air / c. / coal
b. / oil / d. / old growth forest

____ 36. A harmful material that can enter the biosphere through the land, air or water is

a. / smog / c. / bioremediation
b. / pollutant / d. / all of the above

____ 37. When cleaning up an oil spill it is best used in calm waters after the use of a boom.

a. / sorbents / c. / chemical dispersants
b. / skimmer / d. / boom

____ 38. The variety of life in an area is called

a. / species diversity / c. / genetic diversity
b. / biodiversity / d. / animal diversity

____ 39. Renewable sources of energy

a. / can replenish themselves naturally.
b. / must be created in laboratories.
c. / are manufactured from fossil fuels.
d. / were never utilized until the 20th century.

__ 40. Coal is considered a nonrenewable resource because it

a. / is a fossil fuel. / c. / forms over millions of years.
b. / can be readily replaced. / d. / is polluting.

____ 41. Ozone in the atmosphere

a. / leads to formation of acid precipitation.
b. / combines readily with water vapor.
c. / absorbs harmful radiation and UV from the sun.
d. / is a renewable resource.

____ 42. The heat-trapping ability of some gases in the atmosphere can be compared to

a. / the melting of snow.
b. / the way glass traps heat in a greenhouse.
c. / condensation because of heating.
d. / heating water on a stove.

____ 43. The extinction of species

a. / is a problem limited to the tropics.
b. / has been increased by the activities of people.
c. / is a problem only where topsoil and groundwater are limited.
d. / is not a problem today.

____ 44. The steps needed to solve environmental problems include

a. / waiting for the affected species to leave an ecosystem that is in trouble.
b. / leaving the problems to United Nations committees to address.
c. / educating the public about the problems and the costs of their solutions.
d. / taking any necessary action, regardless of the consequences or adverse effects.

____ 45. How can human populations live in a sustainable way?

a. / by slowing or reversing human population growth
b. / by developing new technologies
c. / by reducing consumption of natural resources
d. / All of the above

____ 46. An old-growth forest is

a. / a renewable resource. / c. / a microclimate.
b. / a nonrenewable resource. / d. / poor in biodiversity.

____ 47. The wearing away of surface soil by water and wind is known as

a. / deforestation. / c. / overgrazing.
b. / desertification. / d. / soil erosion.

____ 48. Which biome has the greatest amount of biodiversity?

a. / grassland / c. / tropical rain forest
b. / deciduous forest / d. / coniferious forest

____ 49. This type of pollution originates over a widespread area and is difficult to determine exactly where the pollution comes from is

a. / point pollution / c. / direct pollution
b. / nonpoint pollution / d. / indirect pollution

____ 50. What is an example of a nonrenewable resource?

a. / oil / c. / water
b. / air / d. / solar

Accelerated Biology Test: Chapter 6 2010-2011

Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: B

2. ANS: A

3. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 150

4. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 148

5. ANS: D

6. ANS: A

7. ANS: A

9. ANS: D

10. ANS: A

11. ANS: D

12. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 151

13. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 154

14. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 159

15. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 157

16. ANS: B PTS: 1

17. ANS: C PTS: 1

18. ANS: B PTS: 1

19. ANS: C PTS: 1

20. ANS: B PTS: 1

21. ANS: D PTS: 1

22. ANS: C PTS: 1

23. ANS: C PTS: 1

24. ANS: D PTS: 1

25. ANS: C PTS: 1

26. ANS: B PTS: 1

27. ANS: C PTS: 1

28. ANS: A PTS: 1

29. ANS: B PTS: 1

30. ANS: C PTS: 1

31. ANS: B PTS: 1

32. ANS: A PTS: 1

33. ANS: C PTS: 1

34. ANS: C PTS: 1

35. ANS: A PTS: 1

36. ANS: B PTS: 1

37. ANS: B PTS: 1

38. ANS: B PTS: 1

39. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: 6.1.2

40. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: 6.1.2

41. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: II OBJ: 6.2.1

42. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: 6.2.2

43. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: I OBJ: 6.2.5

44. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: III OBJ: 6.3.4

45. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 OBJ: 22-2.6

46. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 146

47. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 145

48. ANS: C PTS: 1

49. ANS: B PTS: 1

50. ANS: A PTS: 1