Acid and Base Worksheet

Acid and Base Worksheet

1) Using your knowledge of the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases, write equations for the following acid-base reactions and indicate each conjugate acid-base pair:

a) HNO3 + OH- à

b) CH3NH2 + H2O à

c) OH- + HPO4-2 à

2) The compound NaOH is a base by the theories (definitions) we discussed in class. However, each of the theories describes what a base is in different terms. Use your knowledge of these three theories to describe NaOH as an Arrhenius base, and as a Brønsted-Lowry base.

3) When hydrogen chloride reacts with ammonia, ammonium chloride is formed. Write the equation for this process, and indicate the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base.

4) Write an equation for the reaction of potassium metal with hydrochloric acid.

5) Give the formula for each of the acids below and list whether or not they are binary or oxyacids:

1. Perchloric acid ______

2. Chloric acid ______

3. Hypochlorous acid ______

4. Hydrosulfuric acid ______

5. Nitrous acid ______

6. Nitric acid ______

7. Carbonic acid ______

8. Sulfurous acid ______

9. Acetic acid ______

10. Sulfuric acid ______

11. Hydrochloric acid ______

12. Hydriodic acid ______

6) Write the names for the following acids and bases:

a) KOH ______

b) H2Se ______

c) C2H3O2H ______

d) Fe(OH)2 ______

e) HCN ______

7.) Identifying Acids & Bases: A=acid B =base C=possibly either

A. _____ releases hydrogen gas when Mg metal is added

B. _____ phenolphthalein turns pink

C. _____ conducts electricity in aqueous solution

D. _____ turns blue litmus red

E. _____ may cause caustic burns

F. _____ feels slippery

G. _____ Sour tasting

H. _____ Has a pH of 2.3

I. _____ ammonia

J. _____ coca-cola

8) Circle the letter of the correct answer below.

I. An acid that produces hydronium ions in aqueous solution is

a. NaOH b. KOH c. CH4 d. H2SO4

II. The reaction of a base with an acid to form a salt and water is termed

a. hydrolysis b. emulsification c. electrolysis d. neutralization

III. The compound in the following group that is NOT a salt is

a. (NH4) 2 b. Ba(NO3)2 c. MgSO4 d. NaCl

IV. According to the ______theory, acids are proton donors.

a. Bronsted-Lowry b. Arrhenius c. Lewis d. Colonal Sanders

V. Which of the following is sulfurous acid?

a. KCI b. NaCl c. H2SO3 D. Na2CO3

9) For each of the following theories, write A=Arrhenius, B-L= Bronsted-Lowry

a) Acids are proton donors______

b) Bases when put in water dissociate to form hydroxide ions______

c) Sulfuric acid is a diprotic acid______

d) Bases are proton acceptors ______

e) Acids dissociate to form hydrogen ions when puts in water ______

Acid and Base Worksheet - Answers

1) Using your knowledge of the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases, write equations for the following acid-base reactions and indicate each conjugate acid-base pair:

a) HNO3 + OH- à H2O + NO3-

HNO3 and NO3- make one pair

OH- and H2O make the other

b) CH3NH2 + H2O à CH3NH3+ + OH-

CH3NH2 and CH3NH3+ make one pair

OH- and H2O make the other

c) OH- + HPO4-2 à H2O + PO4-3

HPO4-2 and PO4-3 make one pair

OH- and H2O make the other

2) The compound NaOH is a base by all three of the theories we discussed in class. However, each of the three theories describes what a base is in different terms. Use your knowledge of these three theories to describe NaOH as an Arrhenius base, a Brønsted-Lowry base, and a Lewis base.

· NaOH is an Arrhenius base because it creates OH- ions when placed in water.

· NaOH is a Brønsted-Lowry base because it accepts H+ ions from acids.

· NaOH is a Lewis base because the lone pairs on the hydroxide ion can be donated to other compounds.

3) When hydrogen chloride reacts with ammonia, ammonium chloride is formed. Write the equation for this process, and indicate which of the reagents is the Lewis acid and which is the Lewis base.

HCl + NH3 à NH4Cl

NH3 is a Lewis base because it uses its lone pair electrons to pull a hydrogen atom from hydrochloric acid.

HCl is a Lewis acid because it accepts electrons from NH3 when the H is transferred.HHH

4) Write an equation for the reaction of potassium metal with hydrochloric acid.

2 K + 2 HCl à 2 KCl + H2

5) Borane (BH3) is a basic compound, but doesn’t conduct electricity when you dissolve it in water. Explain this, based on the definitions of acids and bases that we discussed in class.

Borane is a Lewis base, but a negligibly strong Brønsted-Lowry base.

6) Write the names for the following acids and bases:

a) KOH potassium hydroxide

b) H2Se hydroselenic acid

c) C2H3O2H acetic acid

d) Fe(OH)2 iron(II) hydroxide

e) HCN hydrogen cyanide or hydrocyanic acid

7) Write the formulas for the following chemical compounds (remember, you’ve still got a pop quiz coming up before the end of next week!)

a) ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4

b) cobalt (III) nitride CoN

c) carbon disulfide CS2

d) aluminum carbonate Al2(CO3)3

e) chlorine Cl2