Name______Date______LiteracyLab#2:ScientistsandtheBirdFlu

“U.S.Bio-SecurityOfficialsSoundWarning AfterScientistsCreateDeadly NewStrainofBirdFlu”

Directions:Takeafew minutesto read thearticlebeloweitheronline(or on thebackof thispage.)Writeresponsestothestatementsorquestionsbelow.Cut/copy/pasteisnotallowed–useyourownwordsandthoughts,basedinresearchif needed.

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Fact-finding:Listthreefactsthatyoulearned inthisarticle.1.

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Vocabulary:Listanddefinethreeunfamiliarwordsinthespacebelow.

Implications:Whatareyourfeelingsaboutthis“discovery”?Expressyourfeelings(tactfully)aboutwhetherthisis anadvancementofscienceorabadidea.

U.S.Bio-SecurityOfficialsSoundWarningAfterScientistsCreateDeadlyNewStrainofBirdFlu

PublishedDecember20,2011

TheU.S.governmentissoundingthealarmafterreports thatDutchscientistshavecreatedahighly-contagiousanddeadlyairbornestrain ofbird fluthatispotentiallycapableofkillingmillions,TheIndependentreportedTuesday.

TheU.S.NationalScienceAdvisoryBoardforBiosecurityiscurrentlyanalyzinghowmuchofthescientists'informationshouldbeallowed tobepublished—giventheinherentrisksofhavingtheinformationfallintothehandsofterroristsorroguestates.

"Thefearisthatifyoucreatesomethingthisdeadlyanditgoesintoaglobalpandemic,the mortalityandcosttotheworldcouldbe massive,"a seniorUS governmentadvisertoldTheIndependent.

Scientists,too,arequestioningwhetherthescienceshouldeverhavebeenperformed inthefirstplace.

"Therearepeoplewhosay thattheworkshouldneverhavebeendone,orifitwasdone itshouldhavebeendoneinasettingwhere theinformation couldbebettercontrolled,"asourceclosetotheUSbiosecurityboardtoldthenewspaper.

"Withinfluenzanowitispossibleto reverseengineerthevirus.It'sprettycommontechnologyinmanypartsoftheworld.Withthegenomicsequence,youcanreconstructit.That'swhere theinformationisdangerous."

Themutatedformofthe H5N1strainofavianinfluenzawascreatedbyaDutchteamofscientistsledbyRonFouchier,ofRotterdam'sErasmus MedicalCentre,andtheresearchersarenowhoping topublishthedetailsofhowtheydevelopedthenewstrain.

Thenewvirusdiffersfrom H5N1—which isonlyknownto betransmittedbetweenhumanswhohaveveryclosecontactwitheachother—becauseitcanbe transmittedthroughtheairincoughsandsneezes.

Fouchier,whodeclinedtoanswerTheIndependent'squestions,saidina statementthatitonlytookasmallnumberofmutationstochangetheavianfluvirus.

"Wehavediscoveredthatthisisindeedpossible,andmoreeasilythanpreviouslythought.Inthelaboratory,itwaspossibletochangeH5N1intoan aerosol-transmissiblevirusthatcaneasilyberapidlyspreadthroughtheair,"hesaid.

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