Primary / Grade 1 / Grade 2 / Grade 3 / Grade 4
Addition and Subtraction with Whole Numbers / (PB3)
Combine, separate and compare whole numbers, totaling no more than 10, using contextual situations, representing their understanding in a variety of ways
The focus is on providing experiences where groups less than 10 are combined and counted, and, counting removed items from a group.
  • Combine, or join, and separate, or take away, when presented with a problem in context and with concrete materials. (Join and Separate - result unknown, PPW – whole unknown)
  • Use one-to-one correspondence when presented with comparison (equalize) problems in context with concrete materials
Notes:
  1. Solve and create a problems based on four specific types of story problem structures, using combinations of numbers that will not total more than 10.
  2. Use a variety of representations (Act it out, use concrete materials, draw a picture) to show understanding of strategies and four story problem structures (Join – result unknown, Separate-result unknown, PPW-whole unknown and Comparison – equalizing)
  3. Develop appropriate strategies for working with specific types of addition and subtraction problems. (one-to-one correspondence, comparative language, modeling)
/ (1B6, 1B3, 1B4, 1B5)
Combine, separate and compare whole numbers, using groups of no more than 20, using contextual situations, representing their understanding in a variety of ways
The focus is on providing experiences where groups less than 20 are combined and counted, and, counting removed items from a group
  • Combine, or join, and separate, or take away, when presented with a problem in context and with concrete materials. (Mastery of: Join and Separate - result unknown, PPW – whole unknown) Introduced to Initial, Change and Part unknown type problems
  • Counts on from the larger number strategy when presented with comparison (equalize) problems in context with concrete materials
  • Uses comparative language correctly when presented with comparison (equalize) problems
  • Model addition and subtraction, using concrete materials, visual representations and appropriate symbolic recordings, including the equals sign, to describe concrete contexts.
Notes:
  1. Solve and create a variety of problems based on specific types of story problem structures, using combinations of numbers that will not total more than 20.
  2. Use a variety of representations (Act it out, use concrete materials, draw a picture, write the number sentence) to show understanding of strategies and the 11 story problem structures for addition and subtraction. Students should master the four types of problems introduced in Primary
  3. Develop appropriate strategies for working with specific types of addition and subtraction problems. (counting on, modeling, using appropriate mathematical language to explain strategies)
  4. Recognize the relationship between addition and subtraction
/ (2B9, 2B10, 2B3, 2B4)
Demonstrate an understanding of addition (limited to 1-and 2-digit numerals) with answers to 100 and the corresponding subtraction problems by using (a) personal strategies for adding and subtracting with and without the support of manipulatives, (b) creating and solving problems that involve addition and subtraction
  • Is able to solve, and represent in a variety of ways, Join, Separate, PPW and Comparison Story Problems. (introduction of the greater/lesser comparison problems)
  • Model addition and subtraction, using concrete materials, visual representations and appropriate symbolic recordings, to describe concrete contexts.
  • Solve a given problem when presented in vertical or horizontal formats
  • Solve simple open sentences concretely
  • Invents and explains personal procedures (algorithms) for adding and subtracting numbers with and without the use of concrete materials
  • Adds three 1-digit numbers mentally or supported by the use of concrete materials
  • Relates addition and subtraction
  • Solve and create addition and subtraction sentences involving whole numbers with up to 2-digits
Notes:
  1. Demonstrate an understanding of addition (limited to 1 and 2-digit numerals) with answers to 100 and the corresponding subtraction by using personal strategies and (student generated) algorithms for adding and subtracting
  2. Solve and create a variety of problems based on specific types of story problem structures, using combinations of numbers that will not total more than 100 and that involve problems with and without regrouping.
  3. Use a variety of representations (concrete, pictorial, symbolic, verbal) to show understanding of strategies used to solve the 11 story problem structures for addition and subtraction.
  4. Show, with concrete or pictorial models, how addition can be used to solve subtraction and vice versa
  5. Solve, using a 100s chart, addition and subtraction problems involving 1 and/or 2-digit numerals
/ (3B4, 3B6)
Demonstrate an understanding of addition and subtraction (limited to 1-, 2-, and 3-digit numerals) with answers to 1000 and the corresponding subtraction problems
  • Solve , create and represent in a variety of ways; Join, Separate, PPW and Comparison Story Problems. (Mastery of all types)
  • Model addition and subtraction of multi digit numbers, using concrete materials, visual representations and symbolic recordings.
  • Explains personal and traditional procedures for multi-digit whole number addition and subtraction, using language that demonstrates understanding of the operations
  • Solve a given problem when presented in vertical or horizontal formats
  • Solve simple open addition and subtraction sentences involving whole numbers abstractly
  • Relates addition and subtraction
  • Solve and create addition and subtraction sentences involving whole numbers
  • Adds and subtracts whole numbers with up to 3-digits symbolically
/ Demonstrate an understanding of addition and subtraction of up to and including 4 digit numbers, not totaling greater than 10 000 and the corresponding subtraction problems
  • Solve and create in a variety of ways; Join, Separate, PPW and Comparison Story Problems.
  • Model addition and subtraction of multi digit numbers, using concrete materials, visual representations and symbolic recordings.
  • Explain personal and traditional procedures for multi-digit whole number addition and subtraction, using language that demonstrates understanding of the operations
  • Explain how to keep track of digits that have the same place value when adding and subtracting numbers
  • Refine personal strategies to increase their efficiency
  • Solve problems that involve addition and subtraction of more than 2 numbers
  • Adds and subtracts whole numbers with up to 4-digits symbolically
  • Able to solve multi-step problems involving whole number addition and/or subtraction

Grade 5 / Grade 6 / Grade 7 / Grade 8 / Grade 9
Addition and Subtraction with Whole Numbers / Demonstratean understanding of addition and subtraction of up to and including 5 digit numbers, not totaling greater than 100 000 and the corresponding subtraction problems
  • Able to solve multi-step problems involving whole number addition and/or subtraction
  • Use mathematical principles (commutative and associative) to rename multi-digit whole numbers in order to calculate
  • Solve and create in a variety of ways; Join, Separate, PPW and Comparison Story Problems.
/ Demonstrate an understanding of addition and subtraction of up to and including 6-digit numbers, not totaling greater than 1 000 000 and the corresponding subtraction problems
  • Able to solve and create relevant problems involving whole numbers using addition and/or subtraction