Chemistry 11 Unit 2: Stoichiometry

What to Expect:

This unit involves the greatest amount of quantitative analysis in Chemistry 11. Stoichiometry is based on understandingrelationships between the amounts of chemical compounds in balanced chemical equations. We will investigate the amounts of different elements in compounds, amounts of reactants and products in balanced equations, and use new units of measurement, including the mole.

Success in this unit will depend on diligent daily work, since everything builds on the basic concepts presented in the first few weeks.

This unit will take6-8 weeks. Expect frequent quizzes and 3-4 labs relating to the unit topics.

Since this unit covers very important fundamental principles and calculations, it will be divided into two unit tests. The unit tests will be held in November and December. You will be expected to present a portfolio demonstrating your understanding of the unit in December, with ADDITIONAL example problems (about 9 instead of 6) to reflect the broad variety of topics.

The topics covered will include:

  1. Part A:Chemical Proportions
  2. average atomic massusing isotopes
  3. conversions (moles, mass, volume, concentration)
  4. the Ideal Gas Law
  5. elemental composition
  6. empirical and molecular formulas
  7. Part B: Stoichiometry
  8. moles ratios
  9. gravimetric stoichiometry
  10. yield
  11. limiting reagent

The following list includesmost of the unit vocabulary. (I reserve the right to add more as we go along!)

anhydrous, Avogadro’s constant, average atomic mass, by-product, composition, concentration, conversion factor, dilution*, empirical formula, excess reactant, hydrated ionic compound,ideal gas, Ideal Gas Law, intermediate, limiting reagent, molarity, molar mass, mole, mole ratio, pressure, product, purity, SATP, STP, stoichiometry, yield

*added later

The Specific Curriculum Outcomes (SCO’s) set by the Department of Education are listed below. The SCO’s are divided into three main groups for Chemistry:

Knowledge These outcomes are the facts and principles that you must know.

Skills These outcomes, obviously, are the tools of using and applying scientific knowledge.

STSE (Science, Technology, Society and the Environment) These outcomes relate to describing, investigating or analysing the connections between scientific knowledge and the way we use it.

Knowledge

Students will be expected to:

323-1 define molar mass and perform mole-mass inter-conversions for pure substances

323-10 identify mole ratio of reactants and products from balanced chemical equations

323-11 perform stoichiometric calculations related to chemical equations

323-12 identify various stoichiometric applications

323-13 predict how the yield of a particular chemical process can be maximized

Skills

Students will be expected to

212-3 design an experiment identifying and controlling major variables

212-4 state a prediction and a hypothesis based on available evidence and background information

213-3 use instruments effectively and accurately for collecting data

214-10 identify and explain sources of error and uncertainty in measurement and express results in a form that acknowledges the degree of uncertainty

214-12 explain how data support or refute the hypothesis or prediction

214-13 identify and correct practical problems in the way a technological device or system functions

215-1 communicate questions, ideas and intentions and receive, interpret, understand, support and respond to the ideas of others

STSE(Science, Technology, Society and the Environment)

Students will be expected to

114-4 identify various constraints that result in trade-offs during the development and improvement of technologies

114-7 compare processes used in science with those used in technology

115-3 explain how a major scientific milestone revolutionized thinking in scientific communities

117-2 analyze society’s influence on scientific and technological endeavours