Biomes and Agriculture

Form/Version 2

Multiple Choice:

  1. The annual productivity of any ecosystem is greater than the annual increase in biomass of the herbivores in the ecosystem because
  2. Plants convert energy input into biomass more efficiently than animals
  3. There are always more animals than plants in any ecosystem
  4. Plants have greater longevity than animals
  5. During each energy transformation, some energy is lost
  6. Animals convert energy input into biomass more efficiently than plants
  1. In terms of annual production, which two crops listed below had the greatest success during the second Green Revolution (1967 – 1978)?
  2. Maize and corn
  3. Rice and corn
  4. Wheat and rice
  5. Wheat and maize
  6. Soybean and rice
  1. Chronically undernourished people are those who receive approximately ______calories or less per day.
  2. 500
  3. 1000
  4. 1500
  5. 2000
  6. 3000
  1. The one area of the world that is not expected to increase food production soon is
  2. Asia
  3. Latin America
  4. Sub-Saharan Africa
  5. China
  6. India
  1. Most food derived from genetically modified crops contain
  2. The same number of genes as food produced from conventional crops
  3. The same number of genes as foods produced from hybrid crops
  4. One or two additional genes
  5. Hundreds of additional genes
  6. No genes at all
  1. Which region of the developing world is currently as urbanized as the developed world?
  2. Africa
  3. Asia
  4. Latin America
  5. Europe
  6. North America
  1. The second law of thermodynamics would tend to support
  2. People eating more meat than grain
  3. People eating more grain than meat
  4. People eating about the same amount of grain as meat
  5. People being undernourished
  6. People eating a balanced diet from all food groups
  1. Which of the following is NOT a principle of integrated pest management (IPM)?
  2. Establish acceptable pest thresholds
  3. Selecting crop varieties best for local growing conditions
  4. Visual inspections and using insect and spore traps to monitor pest levels while keeping accurate records
  5. Using broad, non-specific insecticides to reduce or elimitate all pest populations before they have a chance to get out of control
  6. Using mechanical methods to reduce pest populations, which include hand picking, erecting insect barriers, using traps, vacuuming, and tilliage to disrupt breeding
  1. Which of the following was NOT a major component of the First Green Revolution?
  2. Genetic engineering of food crops
  3. Widespread use of synthetic nitrogen-based fertilizers
  4. Widespread use of pesticides
  5. Development of major modern irrigation projects
  6. Development of new crop varieties through selective breeding technology
  1. The majority of nutrients and calories in the average human diet come from
  2. Potatoes, corn, and rice
  3. Wheat, rice, and soybeans
  4. Wheat, corn, and rice
  5. Wheat, corn and oats
  6. Wheat, corn, and soybeans
  1. Planting trees and/or shrubs between rows of crops is known as \
  2. Contour farming
  3. Planting windbreaks
  4. Strip cropping
  5. Alley cropping
  6. Tillage farming
  1. Malnutrition primarily refers to
  2. Lack of carbohydrates in the diet
  3. Lack of protein in the diet
  4. Lack of fat in the diet
  5. A deficiency of micronutrients in the diet
  6. A deficiency of vitamins in the diet
  1. Adding more fertilizer does NOT necessarily increase crop production is an example of
  2. Law of supply and demand
  3. Leibig’s law of minimum
  4. Limiting factors
  5. Second law of thermodynamics
  6. Gaia Hypothesis

Use the diagram below to answer the next two questions.

FOOD PYRAMID

  1. The greatest amount of energy present in this pyramid is found at the level of
  2. Hawks
  3. Snakes
  4. Rodents
  5. Green plants
  6. Decomposers
  1. The pyramid implies that in order to live and grow, 1,000 kilograms of snakes would require
  2. Less than 1,000 kilograms of green plants
  3. 1,000 kilograms of rodents
  4. More than 1,000 kilograms of rodents
  5. No rodents
  6. Less than 1,000 kilograms of hawks

Use the diagram below to answer the next three questions

  1. The snake is acting as a
  2. Producer
  3. Primary consumer
  4. Secondary consumer
  5. Autotroph
  6. Secondary producer
  1. Between which two organisms would there MOST LIKELY be the greatest competition?
  2. Rat and snake
  3. Lizard and arachnid
  4. Rat and road runner
  5. Grasshopper and bacteria/fungi
  6. Arachnid and road runner
  1. In the diagram, which statement correctly describes the role of bacteria/fungi?
  2. The bacteria/fungi convert radiant energy into chemical energy
  3. The bacteria/fungi directly provide a source of nutrition for animals
  4. The bacteria/fungi are saprophytic agents restoring inorganic material to the environment
  5. The bacteria/fungi convert atmospheric nitrogen into minerals and are found in the nodes of cacti
  6. The bacteria/fungi consume live plants and animals
  1. The type of planting in which an agricultural crop is grown simultaneously with a long-term tree crop to provide annual income while the tree crop matures is known as
  2. Crop rotation
  3. Alley cropping
  4. Monocropping
  5. Sequential cropping
  6. Intercropping
  1. Which type of insecticide developed during the 19th century affects the nervous system of an insect by disrupting the enzyme that regulates acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter? They usually are not persistent in the environment. Common examples include parathion and malthion.
  2. Carbmates
  3. Pyrethroids
  4. Organophosphates
  5. DDT
  6. Organochlorides

Free Response:

Read the following article from the Fremont Inquirerand answer the questions that follow (See next page).

(a) As mentioned in the article, there are several possible explanations for the increase in mountain pine beetles.

(i) Provide one reason why fire-suppression policies lead to increased beetle activity.

(ii) Reduced winter mortality of beetle larvae is likely a consequence of global climate change. Describe TWO ways that the activities of the beetles might enhance climate change.

(b) The widespread death of trees leads to a series of changes in a forest ecosystem. Identify TWO physical changes that occur in the forest ecosystem as the result of the death of mature trees. For each physical change you identify, describe an impact of that change on the forest ecosystem.

(c) As the article states, the number of managed honeybee colonies has dropped significantly over the past few decades. Describe TWO specific economic consequences of the collapse of the managed honeybee colonies.

(d) Pollination by native insects is considered an ecosystem service. Identify a different ecosystem service and explain how that service benefits human society.