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European Economic and Social Committee

Brussels, 12 April 2013

PLENARY SESSION
OF20AND21 MARCH 2013
SUMMARY OF OPINIONS ADOPTED
This document is available in the official languages on the Committee's website at:

The opinions listed can be consulted online using the Committee's search engine:

CES2038-2013_00_00_TRA_TCD…/…

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Contents:

1.ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE/FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS/ TAXATION

2.INTERNAL MARKET/RESEARCH...... 4

3.ENVIRONMENT/AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES...... 9

4.SOCIAL AFFAIRS/EMPLOYMENT

5.TRANSPORT

6.ENERGY

7.EXTERNALRELATIONS

During the plenary session of 20 and21 March 2013, the sitting on Wednesday 20 March was attended by Günther Oettinger,European Commissioner for Energy, and the sitting on Thursday21March by Ramón Luis Valcárcel Siso, President of the Committee of the Regions.

1.

The following opinions were adopted during the session:

1.ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE/FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS/ TAXATION

  • Financial reporting and auditing

Rapporteur:Antonello Pezzini (Employers – IT)

References:COM(2012) 782 final – 2012-0364 (COD) – CES1031-2013_00_00_AC

Key points:

The EESC approves the essence of the programme, recognising the great value of financial reporting and auditing as one of the pillars of a sound and transparent market. However, the EESC does not have sufficient information to gauge the appropriateness of the amounts allocated to the functioning of each programme, and is unable to form its own opinion on the adequacy of the "output" of each institution vis-à-vis the needs of users, although the latter seem to take a wholly positive view. The financial crisis has revealed an increased need for more accurate information and increasingly effective auditing standards. Hence the EESC points out the need to train high-level experts in the public and private sectors.

The EESC endorses the principle of the need to fund the activities of institutions that carry out extremely delicate tasks of the utmost importance. The EESC calls on the Commission to confirm its full confidence in the independence of the IFRS, EFRAF and the PIOB. The EESC would like to stress once again not only the importance of collecting and collating information, but above all the need to know how to properly understand and use that information: while the high level of professionalism of the data "suppliers" needs to be recognised, much remains to be done with regard to the multifaceted category of users, in terms of training and updating of adequate human resources.

Contact:Roxana Maliti

(Tel.: 00 32 2 546 87 49 – email: )

  • Outermost regions: smart growth

Rapporteur: Henri Malosse (Employers – FR)

References: COM(2012) 287 final– CES2011-2012_00_00_AC

Key points:

The EU's current priority in relation to the outermost regions (ORs) must be to strengthen the links that connect them with mainland Europe and their citizens' sense of belonging to the European project. The ORs can serve as laboratories, testing grounds and even models for Europe in certain areas, such as biodiversity, earth observation, renewable energies and cultural integration.

The POSEI (Programme of Options Specifically Relating to Remoteness and Insularity) instrument should be evaluated and extended to cover all the ORs' products, both agricultural and nonagricultural.

Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union needs to be properly implemented in relation to certain European policies, such as those on competition, public procurement, fisheries and the environment, so as to take account of the ORs' specific geographical and climatic circumstances. Given the text of the Treaty, the European Commission's current silence on these issues is not really justified. The EESC calls on the European Commission to draw up and publish an analysis of the application of Article 349.

The EESC also supports establishing a structured dialogue between civil society in the ORs and in the countries of their respective neighbourhoods (i.e. Latin America, the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean or the Indian Ocean). That would, in particular, involve the participation of representatives of the ORs in the dialogue set up by the European Commission under the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs). The EESC is in favour of creating monitoring committees involving civil society under all the EPAs, and calls for the participation of the ORs in the committees that concern them.

Contact: Marco Thyssen

(Tel.: 00 32 2 546 84 11 - email: )

2.INTERNAL MARKET/RESEARCH

  • An inclusive digital internal market

Rapporteur:Anna Maria Darmanin (Workers – MT)

Reference:Own-initiative opinion– CES273-2012_00_00_AC

Key points:

The digital internal market has great potential to promote growth, jobs and prosperity in general. However, a number of citizens are currently still excluded from the benefits of this opportunity. The reasons for such exclusion are sociological, cultural and also legislative. The EESC has identified a number of challenges and barriers that are currently preventing the citizen from truly being at the heart of the digital single market (infrastructure problems; unclear legal framework, unclear definition of citizens' rights, lack of implementation of complaint resolution schemes, discrepancies in the consumer environment in different Member States, cybersecurity, lack of implementation of eprocurement, e-signatures and e-Government services).

A digital - future-proof - single market needs the citizen as an economic, social and political actor at its heart, in line with the four basic freedoms of the internal market. To this end, a number of actions must be taken:

a)Free and universal access

b)Open internet and net neutrality

c)Prevention of abuses

d)ICT standardisation

e)Inter-operability and inter-connectivity

f)Cloud computing

g)Price control, i.e. minimum tariffs

h)Education and training

i)Protection against cyber-fraud and cybercrime (e.g. piracy and counterfeiting)

j)Safety (incl. data protection and privacy, protection of children, the elderly and the disabled)

k)A charter of Digital Rights

l)Application of the consumer rights directive to digital content

m)Revision of the legislation on e-commerce, e-payments, mobile telephony, etc.

n)Revision of broadcasting policy

o)Information campaigns

p)Participation and involvement of civil society at all levels of political decision-making

q)Publication of an EU guide to digital services

Contact:Jean-Pierre Faure

(Tel.: 00 32 2 546 96 15 – email: )

  • European Research Infrastructures Consortium

Rapporteur:Cveto Stantič (Employers – SI)

References:COM(2012) 682 final – 2012-0321 (NLE) – CES604-2013_00_00_AC

Key points:

The EESC:

supports the proposed amendment to Article 9 of the ERIC Regulation in order to eliminate discrimination between Member States and associated countries and boost more active participation of associated countries in setting up and operating future ERICs;

believes that the Community can retain enough control over essential elements of ERIC activities;

is concerned about the slow pace at which the ERIC legal instrument is being applied;

urges the Commission to provide maximum support to potential partners;

recommends that the Community contributes more to the co-financing of ERIC projects, by ensuring better synergies between the Structural Funds and the Horizon 2020 Framework programme.

Contact:Gerald Klec

(Tel.: 00 32 2 546 99 09 – email: )

  • Access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their utilisation in the Union

Rapporteur: Lutz Ribbe (Various Interests – DE)

References:COM(2012) 576 final - 2012/0278 (COD)– CES2314-2012_00_00_TRA_AS

Key points:

The EESC welcomes the submission of the proposal for a regulation. It sees the effective implementation of the Nagoya Protocol, which is intended to implement some of the objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), as a major opportunity for a bio-based economy in the EU. As this is often dependent on the import of genetic resources, improved access to these resources is clearly in the European interest.

The Nagoya Protocol was not concluded, however, purely in order to promote bio-based research and product development but rather to ensure fair sharing of benefits from the utilisation and marketing of genetic resources. In this way the countries (or indigenous peoples) which provide these genetic resources and traditional knowledge of their use may profit from their marketing, and the marketing industry may itself be freed from the accusation of bio-piracy.

The EESC has identified a number of shortcomings in the draft regulation in relation to this very issue of benefit sharing, for which the Nagoya Protocol was primarily negotiated. These should be eliminated as a matter of urgency and certain areas which are open to interpretation should be clarified.

The areas in question are: the rules on benefit sharing; the establishment of an effective system of control, monitoring and sanctions; the date from which the benefit sharing shall apply; the consideration of biotechnology and derivatives, as well as the sharing of the benefits of "traditional knowledge"; the late timing of the reporting of use; the question as to whether privately financed research and the products derived from it are subject to reporting; and the effectiveness of the system of sanctions.

Contact:Annika Korzinek

(Tel.: 00 32 2 546 8065 – email: )

  • Parcel delivery/e-commerce

Rapporteur:Daniela Rondinelli (Workers– IT)

References:COM(2012) 698 final – CES1121-2013_00_00_AC

Key points:

The EESC welcomes the Commission Green Paper and calls on the Commission to draw up a recommendation focusing on six priority requirements:

  • joint and several liability regime that would apply to online sellers and delivery operators throughout the delivery chain, in particular when consumers return items upon withdrawal or lack of conformity;
  • full traceability of deliveries;
  • the obligation to offer consumers the choice of more delivery options;
  • full acceptance of the system of national e-commerce delivery problem-solving centres;
  • the obligation to guarantee fair working conditions;
  • transparency regarding conditions and prices;

and to present a report on the results from individual Member States and cross-border deliveries.

The EESC:

  • believes that the shortcomings in the regulatory framework need to be addressed and recommends a structured dialogue between representatives of organised civil society on a code of conduct;
  • calls strongly for the creation of a European network of national e-commerce delivery problemsolving centres and the establishment of a European monitoring centre to address the sector's problems;
  • advocates setting up a rapid alert system for e-commerce delivery;
  • considers that, to achieve an integrated parcel delivery market, high-quality jobs are needed with a sound, well-integrated social dimension.

Contact:Roxana Maliti

(Tel.: 00 32 2 546 87 49 – email: )

  • Abuse of the status of self-employed

Rapporteur:Martin Siecker (Workers– NL)

Reference:Own-initiative opinion– CES2063-2012_00_00_AC

Key points:

There is currently no unambiguous, EU-wide definition making a clear distinction between bona fide self-employed people working on their own account and sham self-employed.

Reliable regulation, and a definition of sham self-employment, would help bona fide self-employed and micro businesses. Sham self-employment should be combated through better registration and monitoring of the real position in the labour market.

Employees who become genuinely self-employed are a normal part of the labour market and the economy. They should be able to benefit from joint facilities like integration into existing organisations and inclusion in different parts of the social security systems and pension schemes. Also health and safety in the workplace should apply in full, and vocational training institutions should be made accessible.

Some schemes set up in Member States to develop entrepreneurship may create distortion of competition for genuine self-employed, micro businesses and SMEs. It is important to have a study of impact on all these categories.

The EESC proposes that a suggestion would be made to Member States to identify especially problematic sectors and to set through social dialogue minimum hourly rates that may vary even within the same Member State within regions.

Contact:Dorota Zapatka

(Tel.: 00 32 2 546 90 67 – email:

  • Internal market and state aid for regions

Rapporteur:Edgardo Iozia (Workers– IT)

Reference:Own-initiative opinion– CES1849-2012_00_00_AC

Key points:

The EESC:

is delighted with the decision to update and modernise the guidelines on public aid for businesses in disadvantaged areas;

calls on the Commission to make EU policies more consistent with competition policy;

requests that the new guidelines on state aid for the regions give Member States a flexible crosssectoral instrument and asks for the adoption of more flexible parameters that are better tailored to a dramatically changing economic context;

thinks that it is a mistake to exclude large companies from support for investment projects that promote regional cohesion and development;

stresses that regional state aid must be flanked with the measures needed to ensure it does not encourage businesses to move or relocate, thereby fragmenting the internal market;

asks the Commission to reduce aid levels in a more gradual, tapered and balanced manner;

proposes that other parameters be used alongside per capita GDP (currently the sole parameter, and not indicative of the true state of a regional economy).

Contact:Alice Tétu

(Tel.: 00 32 2 546 82 86 – email: )

3.ENVIRONMENT/AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES

  • 7th Environment Action Programme/"Living well, within the limits of our planet"

Rapporteur: Lutz Ribbe (Various Interests –DE)

References: COM(2012) 710 final – 2012/0337 (COD)– CES296-2013_00_00_TRA_AS

Key points:

The EESC welcomes the draft proposal for a seventh Environment Action Programme (EAP). The decision of the Council and of the Parliament establishes an environment policy consensus among the EU's decision-making institutions on how serious the environmental situation remains, that there are significant deficiencies in the implementation of European environment law, that the efforts made to date to solve current and future problems have been inadequate, and on what action needs to be taken in environment policy in the period up to 2020.

The proposal is in keeping with the view expressed by the Committee on a number of occasions, that Europe's current environmental problems are attributable not to a lack of understanding or of ideas about how to tackle them, but to a lack of political will to follow through.

However, this draft seventh EAP is characterised less by clarity and more by a lack of specifics, both in general and on individual points.

In the EESC's view, the seventh EAP does not take a clear enough position on the economic and social changes needed to achieve the environment policy goals.

The seventh EAP accurately analyses shortcomings in implementing previous EAPs, but it hardly offers any proposals on how these failures might be mitigated or eliminated altogether. Almost all positive developments in terms of nature and the environment have come at the behest of civil society. In the view of the EESC, civil society organisations are key players in implementing the seventh EAP, and their role should be strengthened and given much more attention in the form of an additional priority objective.

The EESC invites the Council and Parliament to set the objective in the seventh EAP of developing a new overarching EU sustainability strategy, as called for by the Council of Environment Ministers in its conclusions on the United Nations Rio+20 sustainable development conference.

Contact:Andreas Versmann

(Tel.: 00 32 2 546 8479 – email: )

  • Civil society's contribution to a strategy for prevention and reduction of food losses and food waste (own-initiative opinion)

Rapporteur: Yves Somville (Various Interests – BE)

Reference: Own-initiative opinion –CES1918-2012_00_01_TRA_AS

Key points:

In a world where many people do not have enough to eat and resources are limited, the Committee believes that the prevention and reduction of food losses and food waste must imperatively be given a key place on the political agenda. The Committee is also pleased that the European Parliament has become active and the Commission has recently undertaken various initiatives in this field.

In order to ensure that policies are consistent, the Committee underscores the need for a definition and a common EU methodology to quantify food losses and food waste. However, it considers that in view of the current situation and the objectives set, steps need to be taken without waiting to see the results of programmes currently underway.

The Committee is in favour of developing and continuing platforms for exchanging experience on combating food waste in EU regions and Member States in order to make the best use of the resources devoted to these programmes and to promote initiatives which prove effective.

As the resources available to food banks are unfortunately declining and their needs rising sharply as a result of the economic crisis, the Committee draws particular attention to the need for the distribution and food service sectors to channel the greatest possible number of products still fit for consumption to them. Steps must be taken to disseminate initiatives in place in some Member States in the areas of taxation, discharge of liability for donors or adapting certain administrative constraints to make donating easier while guaranteeing food safety.

In addition, the EESC calls for clearer communication with consumers, more comprehensive labelling, introduction of awareness-raising campaigns and more investment in research on this issue.

Contact:Annika Korzinek

(Tel.: 00 32 2 546 8065 – email: )

4.SOCIAL AFFAIRS/EMPLOYMENT

  • The role of business in education in the EU

Rapporteur: Vladimíra Drbalová (Employers – CZ)

Reference: Own-initiative opinion – CES2308-2012_00_00_TRA_AS

Key points:

The Committee welcomes the active approach of employers and businesses to a Europe-wide move supporting the development of skills and their adaptation to the needs of the labour market in order to rekindle growth, create jobs and, in particular, improve the situation of young people on the labour market.

Education and training are costly activities involving multiple beneficiaries. There are many models that can implement cost-sharing systems across Europe. Employers should be involved in them according to national practices and conditions.

The Committee calls on employers and businesses to support the principle of partnership and cooperation between all stakeholders involved in the reform of education systems, vocational training systems and in the development of lifelong learning strategies. In this context, the Committee recognises the role of social dialogue and the results to date of cooperation among social partners at all levels.