1. Which of the following statements regarding cellular respiration is false?
A) Cellular respiration consumes glucose.
B) Cellular respiration is a single chemical reaction with just one step.
C) Cellular respiration produces water.
D) Cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
E) Cellular respiration releases heat.
2. ) Which of the following statements about the energy yields from cellular respiration is true?
A) Cellular respiration is more efficient at harnessing energy from glucose than car engines are at harnessing energy from
gasoline.
B) Cellular respiration converts all of the energy in glucose into high-energy ATP bonds.
C) Cellular respiration converts the kinetic energy of glucose into chemical energy.
D) The heat produced during cellular respiration is only a tiny fraction of the chemical energy available in a glucose
molecule.
E) Most energy conversion systems are more efficient than cellular respiration.
3. A drug is tested in the laboratory and is found to create holes in both mitochondrial membranes. Scientists suspect that the drug will be harmful to human cells because it will inhibit
A)the citric acid cycle.
B)oxidative phosphorylation.
C)glycolysis.
D)the formation of alcohol.
E)the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
4) During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?
A) glycolysis
B) the citric acid cycle
C) "grooming" of pyruvate
D) oxidative phosphorylation
E) glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
5) Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?
A) the citric acid cycle
B)oxidative phosphorylation
C)chemiosmosis
D)glycolysis
E)electron transport chain
6) Which of the following statements about the inner mitochondrial membrane is false?
A)ATP synthase is associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane.
B)The inner mitochondrial membrane plays a role in the production of pyruvate.
C)Electron carriers are associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane.
D)The inner mitochondrial membrane is involved in chemiosmosis.
E)A gradient of H+ exists across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
7) Which of the following statements about the energy yield of aerobic respiration is false?
A)Less than 50% of the chemical energy available in glucose is converted to ATP energy.
B)Each FADH2 molecule yields 2 ATP molecules and each NADH molecule generates 3 ATP molecules.
C)Most of the ATP derived during aerobic respiration results from oxidative phosphorylation.
D)Oxidative phosphorylation resulting from 1 glucose molecule may yield 32—34 ATP molecules.
E) Glycolysis and the "grooming" of pyruvate together produce more NADH per glucose molecule than does the citric acid cycle.
8) In fermentation, ______is ______.
A)NADH . . . reduced
B)NAD+ . . . oxidized
C)NADH . . . oxidized
D)pyruvate . . . oxidized
E)ethanol . . . oxidized
9) A culture of bacteria growing aerobically is fed glucose containing radioactive carbon and is then examined. As the bacteria metabolize the glucose, radioactivity will appear first in
A) carbon dioxide.
B) NADH.
C) glucose-6-phosphate.
D) pyruvate.
E) ATP.
10) A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from skeletal muscle cells. However, the muscles still function. Physicians find that
A)the muscles contain large amounts of lactate following even mild physical exercise.
B)the muscles contain large amounts of carbon dioxide following even mild physical exercise.
C)the muscles require extremely high levels of oxygen to function.
D)the muscle cells cannot split glucose to pyruvate.
E)the muscles require extremely large amounts of carbon dioxide to function.
11) At the end of the citric acid cycle, most of the energy remaining from the original glucose is stored in
A)CO2.
B)pyruvate.
C)ATP.
D)NADH.
E)FADH2.
12) Pyruvate is considered a(n) ______aerobic cellular respiration.
A) source of O2 for
B) end product of
C) intermediate in
D) cofactor in
E) enzyme in
13)The end products of the citric acid cycle include all of the following except
A)CO2.
B)water.
C)ATP.
D)NADH.
E)FADH2.
14) A culture of bacteria growing aerobically is fed glucose containing radioactive carbon and is then examined. During the citric acid cycle, radioactivity would first appear in
A) NADH.
B) citrate.
C) FADH2.
D) oxaloacetic acid.
E) CoA.
15)Which of the following statements regarding the chemical grooming of pyruvate is false?
A)Two molecules of pyruvate are each converted into two-carbon molecules joined to a coenzyme A molecule.
B)Each pyruvate loses a carbon atom, which is released as CO2.
C)Two pyruvate molecules together contain less chemical energy than was found in the original glucose molecule.
D)The pyruvate molecules are oxidized and two NAD+ are reduced.
E)Each pyruvate molecule has a CO2 added and then joins with an NADH.
16) During redox reactions,
A)the loss of electrons from one substance is called reduction.
B)a substance that gains electrons is said to be oxidized.
C)electrons are lost from one substance and added to another substance.
D)protons from one molecule replace the electrons lost from another molecule.
E)the reduction of a substance does not need to be coupled to the oxidation of another substance.
17. During cellular respiration, the energy in glucose
A)becomes stored in molecules of ammonia.
B)is used to manufacture glucose.
C)is released all at once.
D)is carried by electrons.
E)can be used to oxidize NADH.
After reading the following paragraph, answer the question(s) below.
As a scientist employed by the FDA, you've been asked to sit on a panel to evaluate a pharmaceutical company's application for approval of a new weight loss drug called Fat Away. The company has submitted a report summarizing the results of their animal and human testing. In the report, it was noted that Fat Away works by affecting the electron transport chain. It decreases the synthesis of ATP by making the mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+ which allows H+ to leak from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space. This effect leads to weight loss.
18) The method of weight loss described for Fat Away shows that the drug is acting as a metabolic
A) coenzyme.
B) feedback inhibitor.
C) oxygen carrier.
D) redox promoter.
E) uncoupler.
19) Fat Away prevents ATP from being made by
A) blocking access of H+ to ATP synthetase.
B) glycolysis from occurring.
C) preventing the conversion of NADH to NAD+.
D) lowering body temperature.
E) slowing down the Krebs cycle.
Short Answer (worth 2 points each)
1. Why do most eukaryotic cells produce fewer than 38 ATP molecules for every glucose molecule that is oxidized through aerobic respiration?
2. What causes your muscles to become fatigued and sometimes develop cramps when you exercise too strenuously?
Essay (4 points each)
1. Sometimes protons leak out of a cell or are used for other purposes besides ATP production. How would this affect aerobic respiration?
2. Some eukaryotic cells must use ATP to move NADH into the mitochondrial matrix. Knowing this, would you expect aerobic respiration to be more efficient of less in prokaryotic cells than in eukaryotic cells? Explain.
Short Answer (worth 2 points each)
1. How does the folding of the inner mitochondrial membrane benefit aerobic respiration?
2. What causes your muscles to become fatigued and sometimes develop cramps when you exercise too strenuously?
Essay (4 points each)
1. A person will breathe deeply and rapidly for some time after exercise. The longer and more intense the exercise was, the longer the deep breathing will continue after exercise stops. Using your understanding of cell respiration, explain why strenuous exercise stimulates deep breathing that continues after exercise has ended.
2. Create a graph showing the rate of ATP production of yeast cells overtime. At 5 minutes, Cyanide is added to the yeast. Indicate the affects of this in your graph and explain why adding Cyanide has this affect on ATP production.