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INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY
PLATO, ARISTOTLE& PLOTINUS
(NASH CHAPTERS 3, 4 & 5 PLUS THE COURSEPACK READINGS ON PLATO & ARISTOTLE)
40 points
Create an answer sheet and email it to the instructor upon completion..
- One point possible for each correctly answered multiple choice or matching question.
- Up to 2½ points for each written answer
Prepared by Christopher Ullman, Professor --ChristianLifeCollege
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INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY
- – 4. Match each Bible passage with the teaching of Plato it best represents.
1)Exodus 25:40 ______
2)1 Kings 3:9-13 ______
3)2 Corinthians 4:18 ______
4)Proverbs 14:32-34 ______
- The philosopher makes the best king.
- Sensed perceptions of physical things are inadequate to produce knowledge.
- Virtue frees the individual from fear and brings health and prosperity to the city-state (the polis).
- There is a realm of perfections after which all physical things are imperfect copies.
- Plato taught that three forces influence the human soul: Appetites, Spirit, and Reason. Select the item below that depicts the correct metaphors or symbols Plato used to teach this.
- APPETITES: Lion, unruly horse
SPIRIT: Multi-headed beast, tamed horse
REASON: Man, charioteer
- APPETITES: Man, unruly horse
SPIRIT: Multi-headed beast, tamed horse
REASON: Lion, charioteer
- APPETITES: Multi-headed beast, unruly horse
SPIRIT: Lion, tamed horse
REASON: Man, charioteer
- APPETITES: Lion, unruly horse
SPIRIT: Multi-headed beast, tamed horse
REASON: Man, charioteer
- Plato’s Allegory of the Cave teaches that
- democracy is the best form of government
- men are enslaved by their flawed belief in God
- people need to use their eyes and other senses to perceive things more clearly
- everyone can achieve true understanding of what is really real
- individual liberty is more important than national stability
- To what did Socrates seek to persuade people to give their greatest care?
- A.their money
- their souls
- their state
- their king
- their wives
- How would Socrates respond to the common modern-day claim that religion and philosophy should never be mixed?
- Mixing religion and anything else is a recipe for disaster
- Yahweh gave me this ability and I should use it for His glory
- Religion looks to the things of the next world, and philosophy looks to the things of this world
- The gods told me that I was the wisest man, and I took this as a sacred challenge
- Zeus and Hera have disagreed on the role of religion in public life.
- The four virtues Plato aspired to are
- patience, love, joy and temperance
- wisdom, temperance, courage and justice
- thrift, cunning, speed, agility
- prudence, temperance, knowledge, strength
- loyalty, courage, resourcefulness, flexibility
- According to the dialogue in which Glaucon is the chief speaker, the Ring of Gyges proves that
- men can be trusted to do what is right
- men can’t be trusted to do what is right
- with the right upbringing, the good in men will prevail
- men will sacrifice in order to be virtuous
- in the right environment, the good nature of men will overcome evil
- Aristotle is important to students of the Bible because he had a great influence upon which theologian?
- Anaximander
- Augustine
- Aquinas
- Archibald
- Kosmo Kramer
- For Aristotle, the best way to gain knowledge of particular things was to ______them
- ponder
- observe
- question
- experiment with
- worship
- IN ORDER TO GET CREDIT FOR CORRECTLY ANSWERING THIS QUESTION, YOU MUST SELECT ALL THE CHOICES THAT APPLY. By rejecting Plato’s Two Worlds Theory, Aristotle could reject Plato’s
- belief in forms
- Two Kinds of Knowledge Theory
- Virtue
- Body and Soul Theory
- Polis Theory
- Aristotle believed that every substance had two kinds of properties:
- Mediterranean Avenue and Boardwalk
- Gravity and Mass
- Accidental and Essential
- Consequential and Trivial
- Identity and Unity
- The material cause of a ribeye steak is the
- meat
- cook
- grill
- A-1 sauce
- Stomach
- The formal cause of the book Life’s Ultimate Questions can be described as
- Ronald Nash
- Paper with words, binding, philosophical explanations, index
- Zondervan Publishers
- students knowing philosophy
- world peace
- Your entelechy is your
- gland that secretes digestive juices
- final answer
- final form
- final accident
- final chance
- According to Aristotle, the ultimate goal of human life is
- peace
- power
- love
- happiness
- virtue
- The difference between being fully human and being merely human is that the latter requires ______to be added to the ______of being human.
- omniscience … limiting properties
- limiting properties … essential properties
- invisibility … visible properties
- immortality … essential properties
- Plato and Aristotle ______that ultimate reality is knowable.
- agree
- disagree
- For Aristotle, the passive intellect can be understood as that which provides the caption for an image.
- True
- False
- The image that best typifies Plato’s idea of the Forms is the
- chariot
- circle
- ring of Gyges
- flame
- ladder
Prepared by Christopher Ullman, Professor --ChristianLifeCollege
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INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY
SHORT ANSWER TOPICS: (Up to 10 points total for this section: 4 x 2½)
- Pretend that you are Plato. Choose two of the worldview questions, and devise a short answer to each (1/2 page for each).
-What is really real?
-Why is there something rather than nothing?
-How do you explain human nature?
-What happens to a person after death?
-How do you determine what is right and wrong?
-Why is it possible to know anything at all?
-What is the meaning of history?
- Pretend that you are Aristotle. Choose two of the worldview questions, and devise a short answer to each (1/2 page for each).
-What is really real?
-Why is there something rather than nothing?
-How do you explain human nature?
-What happens to a person after death?
-How do you determine what is right and wrong?
-Why is it possible to know anything at all?
-What is the meaning of history?
ASSESSMENT ON PLOTINUS
For 10 points
- Write a 100-150 word response to four of the following questions about Plotinus (2½ points each, 10 points total):
- The downward path is the path of “becoming.” What does that term “becoming” mean in Plotinus’ worldview?
- The upward path is the path of “being.” Why does Nash also call this the path of salvation, in Plotinus’ worldview?
- Does God take an active role in creating or saving?
- Explain the term nous as used by Plotinus.
- According to Plotinus, the world contains more b______than s______, and more s______than minds. Fill in the blanks, and explain.
- Do the souls of individuals live forever, according to Plotinus? How about the souls of plants?
- Why does Plotinus teach that matter becomes the principle of evil?
- Calling God “The One” brings with it a problem. What is the problem of multiplicity, with Plotinus seeing God as “The One?”
Prepared by Christopher Ullman, Professor --ChristianLifeCollege