Organization

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Lexis

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Grammar

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Content

Think about: / Think about: / Think about: / Think about:
  • Coherence
  • Structure
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  • Variety
  • Control
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  • Range
  • Accuracy
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  • Relevancy to the main idea
  • Ideas that are supported and developed

0 / No coherence or organisation, unconnected sentences which communicate little. / Demonstrates minimal word knowledge. / Phrases or sentences produced, but many inaccuracies make message/writing difficult to understand / A list of sentences with no logical connection and/or are irrelevant.
1 / Some attempts to organise information but with little connection between ideas apparent / A limited variety of vocabulary with little control. / Inadequate range of grammar used repetitively or inaccurately. / Ideas are connected but not relevant, developed or supported
2 / Obvious attempts to organize information though sometimes the lack of coherence creates ambiguity. / Uses an adequate variety of vocabulary with moderate control. / An adequate range of grammar used, with inaccuracies that impede the understanding of sentences. / Ideas are connected, relevant, but not supported or developed.
3 / The writing displays an organizational structure which enables the message to be followed although sometimes the lack of coherence might create ambiguity. / Uses a wide variety of vocabulary but there are inaccuracies in word choice and formation. / An adequate range of grammar but occasionally accuracy affects the understanding of sentences. / Ideas are connected and relevant. They are supported but the main idea is not developed.
4 / The writing displays a coherent organizational structure which enables the message to be followed effortlessly. / Uses a wide variety of vocabulary, accurately and with control. / A wide range of grammar used accurately. / The ideas are relevant, well supported and developed.

Additional file 1

Appendix A

KEPT Essay Rating Scales

Appendix B

Cohesive Devices

Type / Item
Transitions / however, (on the one hand…) on the other hand, otherwise, therefore, besides, furthermore, in addition, moreover, then, further
Frame markers / first, second, third, next, finally, after that, finally, in conclusion
Time markers / at last, before, currently, now, recently, these days, in the past, nowadays
Code glosses / for example, for instance,
Boosters / in fact, of course, certainly
Attitude markers / as for me, in my opinion

Appendix C

Essay with the Lowest Overall Organizational Quality

I disagree with this opinion. It is because my parents got married before the age of 25. But they are nice couple, they are take care of me, and they can responsible for their works. I think most important thing is not their age but responsibilities.

Even if people who have enough wisdom, they can spend good life. So, we have to learn many things in society, for example language, culture and more…

To say the divorced, I think it caused not only age but also their life. So I can’t say people should not get married before the age of 30.

Most important thing is communication.We can’t live without talk with famiry.

So I think we don’t care about our ages.

Appendix D

Essay with the Highest Overall Organizational Quality

The average age of getting married has been changing. It’s important decision in one’s life, but there are pros of getting married in their twenties because they can have babies, earn, responsibilities and make their life more meaningful.

Firstly, it’s better for mothers to have their kids before they reach the age of 30. it will be hard to raise children if the mothers are not so young, and if they want to have more children, it will be better to have the first child earlier. Therefore, having children in their twenties is easier for the mothers.

Secondly, marriage is a big commitment and shouldn’t be broken easily, so people can have responsible in their marriage life. For example, they have to divide their chores or control their use of money. They cannot just think about themselves, but think about their partners or children. People can be a responsible by getting married.

Lastly, marriage makes people’s life more enjoyable and meaningful. It is always a good thing if their significant others are always with them and spend their time together. They can enjoy many things together, and it brings them joy. Moreover, they can use their time more effectively because they have plenty of time to spend and play ahead of them. It is a very happy thing to have a life partner and make their life more joyful.

In conclusion, getting married in their twenties is not a bad idea because they can raise their children well, get to have a responsibility and enjoy the rest of their life.