6th grade science EXAM STUDY GUIDE worth one quiz grade
EXAM worth 25% of 2nd 9 weeks grade
ESS1-1 Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the reoccurring patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.
1. Draw the correct phase of the moon and label each below.
2. Which phase of the moon is between the Earth and the Sun? ______
3. Which phase of the moon is the Earth between the moon and the Sun? ______
4. Evaluate this statement: “A new moon receives no sunlight” ______
______
5. About how long does it take to complete the lunar cycle? ______
6. About how long does it take for a phase change?______
7. If there is a Full Moon on December 1stwhat moon would you see on December 8th? ______
8. What is a solar eclipse? ______
______
9. What is a lunar eclipse? ______
______
10. What is an annular eclipse? ______
______
11. What is occurring at points A,B, & C to the right?
A. ______
B. ______
C. ______
12. What phase of the moon occurs during a solar eclipse? ______
13. What phase of the moon occurs during a lunar eclipse? ______
14. A model can be used to explain why lunar eclipses are visible from larger areas of Earth, compared to solar eclipses. Explain why this phenomenon occurs? ______
15. Explain what the orbit shows about the role of gravity in the motions of the Earth–Moon- Sun system
______
16. What two factors affect the motion of the Earth–Moon system and therefore affect the timing of solar and lunar eclipses? ______
17. Label the season in the Northern & Southern Hemisphere
18. Describe the rays below for each Hemisphere. ______
______
19. What causes the seasons? ______
20. In the summer the northern hemisphere is tipped ______the sun.
21. In the winter the northern hemisphere is tipped ______from the sun.
22. What seasons have equal length in the Northern & Southern hemisphere? ______
23. Label each diagram below as spring tide or neap tide.
24. What has the greatest effect on the height of a tide? ______
25. How often does low and high tide occur? ______
______
26. The time at which high and low tides occur changes by about 50 minutes each day. Why does this occur?
______
ESS1-2 Use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system.
27. How does the moon’s mass affect the height of the ocean tides on Earth? ______
______
28. What is mass? ______
29. What is weight? ______
30. What is gravity? ______
31. How does the mass of an object affect gravity? ______
______
32. How does the distance between two objects affect the force of gravity? ______
______
33. What is a galaxy? ______
34. What galaxy do we live in? ______
35. What type of galaxy is the Milky Way? ______
36. Label each galaxy below.
37. What is the difference between spiral, elliptical, & irregular galaxies? ______
______
38. What is the difference between rotation & revolution? ______
______
39. A student claims that all objects exert a gravitational force on one another. However, it is difficult to observe the effect of the force of gravity unless the mass of one of the objects is very large. What observation in the real world could support student’s argument? ______
______
ESS1-3 Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.
40. Write TWO conclusions about the data table below.
______
A student researches and lists the distances of 4 satellites from the surface of Earth, as shown below. Satellite A: 1,250 miles
Satellite B: 1,350 miles
Satellite C: 1,150 miles
Satellite D: 1,100 miles
41. Based on Newton’s Law of Gravity, arrange the satellites in ascending order of the period of revolution.
______
LS1-1 Conduct an investigation to provide evidence that living things are made of cells, either one or many different numbers and types.
42. What is a cell? ______
43. What are the two main types of cells? ______
44. What is the modern cell theory?______
______
45. Explain the 7 functions of a cell:
1. Metabolism - ______
2. Response – ______
3. Homeostasis – ______
4. Growth – ______
5. Reproduction – ______
6. Nutrition – ______
7. Defense – ______
46. What are the two basic types of cells? ______
47. Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic cells have 4 similar functions:
a. DNA – ______
b. Plasma (cell) membrane – ______
c. cytoplasm – ______
d. ribosome – ______
48. List 7 characteristics of a prokaryotic cell – ______
______
49. List 7 characteristics of a eukaryotic cell – ______
______
50. List 3 organisms with prokaryotic cells. ______
51. List 3 organisms with eukaryotic cells. ______
______
LS1-2 Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a whole and ways parts of cells contribute to the function.
52. What are plant and animal cell functions?
Organelle – ______
Cell Wall – ______
Cell Membrane –______
Nucleus – ______
Cytoplasm – ______
Mitochondrion - ______
Endoplasmic reticulum – ______
Chloroplast –______
Lysosome – ______
53. What is the difference between activepassive transport? ______
______
54. What are the 3 types of passive transport? ______
55. What is the difference between osmosis and diffusion? ______
______
56. Explain what causes the molecules to move into the cell. ______
______
57. The diagram above shows a cell with its organelles. Select three organelles from the diagram and explain how the structure and functions of those organelles within the cell are similar to the structures and functions of the different parts of your school
Cell membrane – ______
Nucleus – ______
Ribosomes – ______
Mitochondria – ______
Endoplasmic reticulum – ______
Vacuole – ______
Golgi apparatus – ______
LS2-1 Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem.
58. What is abiotic? ______
59. List three examples of abiotic things. ______
60. What is biotic? ______
61. List three examples of biotic things. ______
62. What is an ecosystem? ______
63. What is a community? ______
64. What is a population? ______
65. What is an organism? ______
Alligators depend on water resources in their environments in many different ways, three of which are listed.
• Nesting sites
• Habitat/space to live
• Food supply
The graph shows annual rainfall
in the Florida Everglades.
66. What happened from 1990 to 1995 that caused the alligator population to increase? ______
______
67. What happened from 1988 to 1989 to the population of alligators? ______
______
68. The graph above shows how a white-tailed deer population recovered over a ten-year period after a population crash. Wolves in the same area feed primarily on deer. Which graph shows the most likely change in wolf population for the same ten-year period?
A. B.
C. D.
Use the information below to answer the question below. Environmental scientists are studying a preserved wetland ecosystem and the effect of human population growth on that wetland. The scientists used the information below to develop an education program.
The frog population of the wetland declined from Year 0 to Year 4 and increased in Year 6.
69. What is the reason for the decline in the frog population? ______
70. What is the population of wolves in 2003? ______
71. Name 2 limiting factors that may have caused the population to decrease in 2005? ______
______
Number of Wolves in Yellowstone National ParkYear / Number of Wolves
2003 / 175
2004 / 170
2005 / 120
2006 / 135
2007 / 170
LS2-2 Construct an explanation that predicts patterns of interactions among organisms across multiple ecosystems.
72. Give an example of predator-prey relationship. ______
73. Give an example of competitive relationship. ______
74. What is symbiosis? ______
______
75. What are the 3 types of symbiotic relationships? ______
76. Explain each type.______
______
77. Give an example of each type of symbiotic relationship. ______
______
Lichens are made up of two tiny living things: fungi and algae. The fungi and the algae live close together, giving a lichen the appearance that it is a single organism. Algae produce food through photosynthesis, and the fungi gather water. In this way, lichens can survive harsh weather that would kill a fungus or an alga growing on its own. Lichens can grow on sand, trees, and even rocks, but they are very sensitive to pollution sources and are seldom observed near factories or roads.
78. What type of relationship is represented by the lichen? ______
79. What evidence above supports this relationship?____________
LS2-3 Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.
80. What is the difference between autotroph & heterotroph? ______
81. Give an example of an autotroph & heterotroph. ____________
82. What is a food chain?______
83. What is a food web?______
84. What is a food pyramid? ______
______
85. What the difference between producer, consumer, & decomposer? ______
______
86. What are the 4 classifications for consumers? Consumers are classified by what they eat. ______
Use the food chain to the right to answer the questions.
87. What is the primary source of energy in this ecosystem?______
88. Identify one producer, one consumer, and one decomposer
Shown in the food web to the right.
______
89. If a farmer did not plant corn one year, which organisms in the
food to the left would be most affected?______
90. The hawk receives energy from which animals? ______
Constructed Response Question:
Four positions of the Earth–Moon system that result in a new moon when viewed from Earth are shown in the model.
Use this model and the model in Figure 3 to explain why a
solar eclipse does not occur at every new moon. Explain how
information from the two models and your knowledge of patterns
could be combined to predict when a solar eclipse could occur.
______