Pre-Algebra (2014-15)

Unit 5: Understand the Connections Between Proportional Relationships, Lines and Linear Equations

Unit Overview

Students will begin by looking at rate of change for proportional and non-proportional relationships shown in tables and graphs. This will lead to determining the slope of a line. Students will be asked to explain how similar triangles explain why slope is the same between any two points on a non-vertical line. Students will graph proportional relationships, interpreting the unit rate as the slope of the graph. Students will find the equation y = mx for a line. The student will compare two different proportional relationships represented in different formats. Finally, the student will compare proportional relationships with non-proportional relationships and derive the equation y = mx + b.

Nevada Academic Content Standard(s):

Understand the connections between proportions relationships, lines, and linear equations. (Identified as a major cluster by SBAC.)

8.EE.B.5 Graph proportional relationships, interpreting the unit rate as the slope of the graph. Compare two different proportional relationships represented in different ways. For example, compare a distance-time graph to a distance-time equation to determine which of two moving objects has greater speed.

8.EE.B.6 Use similar triangles to explain why the slope m is the same between any two distinct points on a non-vertical line in the coordinate plane; derive the equation y = mx for a line through the origin and the equation y = mx + b for a line intercepting the vertical axis at b.

Define, evaluate, and compare functions. (Identified as major cluster by SBAC.)

8.F.A.2 Compare properties of two functions each represented in a different way (algebraically, graphically, numerically in tables, or by verbal descriptions). For example, given a linear function represented by a table of values and a linear function represented by an

algebraic expression, determine which function has the greater rate of change.

8.F.A.3 (part) Interpret the equation y = mx + b as defining a linear function, whose graph is a straight line; give examples of functions that are not linear.

Approximate Time Frame: 3-4 weeks

Terms:

Pre-Algebra Unit 05: Connections between Proportional Relationships, Lines, and Linear Equations Page 1 of 4

Revised September, 2014

Pre-Algebra (2014-15)

Unit 5: Understand the Connections Between Proportional Relationships, Lines and Linear Equations

ü  rate of change / ü  proportional relationship / ü  independent variable / ü  direct variation
ü  slope / ü  constant of proportionality / ü  dependent variable / ü  y=mx
ü  rise/run / ü  unit rate / ü  similar triangles / ü  y=mx+b
Prep for 8.F.B.4 / Constant Rate of Change
(proportional and non-proportional)
Slope / Ø  EX 8-1 Graphing Linear Equations: Rates of Change (page 295)
Ø  Pearson Video: Finding Rate of Change Using a Table
Ø  Learn Zillion Lesson: Determining the constant rate of change
Ø  Pearson Video: Finding the Rate of Change Using a Graph
Ø  Khan Academy: Slope and Rate of Change
Ø  EX 8-2 Slope of a Line (page 299)
Ø  ML 8.4 The Slope of a Line (page 404)
Ø  Khan Academy: What does the slope represent?
8.EE.B.6 / Use similar triangles to explain why the slope m is the same between any two distinct points on a line
SBAC Evidence:
Ø  The student uses similar triangles to determine that the slope m is the same between any two distinct points on a non-vertical line in the coordinate plane.
/ Ø  Learn Zillion Video Lesson: Make Lines from Right Triangles
Ø  Khan Academy Video Lesson: Slope and Triangle Similarity 2
Ø  Slide Share Lesson: Similar Triangles and Slope
Ø  NYCDOE: Slippery Slopes
Ø  PBS Learning Media: Understanding Slope with Similar Triangles
Ø  TEKS Lesson: Expressions and Equations
Ø  NY Module 4, Lesson 16: The Computation of the Slope of a Non-Vertical Line
Ø  MA Lesson 4: Analyzing Rates of Change Visually and Numerically
8.EE.B.5
8.EE.B.6 / Proportional Relationships
y = mx
Interpreting Unit Rate as Slope
SBAC Evidence:
Ø  The student graphs proportional relationships.
Ø  The student interprets the unit rate as the slope of the graph of a proportional relationship.
Ø  The student finds the equation y = mx for a line.
/ Ø  Learn Zillion Lesson Plan: Graphing Proportional Relationships
Ø  Learn Zillion Video Lesson: Display all possibilities in proportional relationship
Ø  Khan Academy Video: Identifying a Proportional Relationship
Ø  Khan Academy Video: Proportional Relationships from a Table
Ø  ML 8.6 Direct Variation (page 423)
Ø  EX 8-5 Direct Variation (page 317)
Ø  Learn Zillion Lesson Plan: Interpret Unit Rate as Slope
Ø  Learn Zillion Video Lesson: Find a Unit Rate Using a Graph
Ø  Learn Zillion Video Lesson: Find a Fractional Unit Rate by using a Graph
Ø  Khan Academy Video: Constructing an Equation for a Proportional Relationship
Ø  Learn Zillion Video Lesson: Derive y = mx Using Similar Triangles
Ø  Howard County Lesson: NFL Football and Direct Variation
Ø  Illustrative Math Problems: Click here
8.EE.B.5 / Compare proportional relationships in different formats
Ø  The student compares two different proportional relationships represented in different formats.
/ Ø  YouTube Lesson: Compare Rates (Slopes) in Different Forms
Ø  Khan Academy Video: Comparing Proportional Relationships
Ø  Learn Zillion Video Lessons: Understand Proportional Relationships by Relating Graphs and Equations
Ø  Learn Zillion Lesson Plan: Compare Proportional Relationships
Ø  Learn Zillion Video Lesson: Compare Proportional Relationships
8.EE.B.6
8.F.A.3 / Proportional relationships vs
non-proportional relationships

Slope-Intercept Form
SBAC Evidence:
Ø  The student finds/derives the equation for a line.
Ø  The student interprets the equation y = mx + b as defining a linear function with a graph that is a straight line / Ø  ML 8.5 Slope-Intercept Form (page 412)
Ø  EX 8-3 Using Slopes and Intercepts (page 305)
Ø  Learn Zillion Video Lessons: Interpret the Equation y = mx + b
Ø  Learn Zillion Video Lessons: Interpret the Equation y = mx + b as defining a linear Function
Ø  Illustrative Math Task: Introduction to Linear Functions
Ø  Video: Proportional vs Non-proportional Relationships
Ø  YouTube: Introducing Desmos Online Graphing Calculator
Ø  Learn Zillion Video Lesson: Derive y = mx + b Using Similar Triangles
Ø  MAP: Lines, Slopes and Linear Equations

Pre-Algebra Unit 05: Connections between Proportional Relationships, Lines, and Linear Equations Page 1 of 4

Revised September, 2014

Pre-Algebra (2014-15)

Unit 5: Understand the Connections Between Proportional Relationships, Lines and Linear Equations

Pre-Algebra Unit 05: Connections between Proportional Relationships, Lines, and Linear Equations Page 1 of 4

Revised September, 2014