Rare Species of the Connecticut River Watershed
(from the Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Wildlife Refuge Final Action Plan and Environmental Impact Statement, October, 1995, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Hadley, MA)
Watershed rarity ranking summary.
Species Group / E / T / C / W1 / W2 / W3 / W4 / TotalsPlants / 3 / 1 / 0 / 98 / 51 / 39 / 105 / 301
Invertebrates / 1 / 1 / 0 / 33 / 16 / 5 / 9 / 72
Fish / 1 / 0 / 0 / 4 / 2 / 0 / 4 / 111
Amphibians / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 2 / 1 / 4
Reptiles / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 7 / 10
Birds / 2 / 1 / 0 / 6 / 11 / 17 / 15 / 562
Mammals / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 3 / 8
Totals / 7 / 3 / 18 / 143 / 82 / 65 / 144 / 462
1 This does not include five anadromous fish of "management concern" which are the responsibility of the Fish and Wildlife Service because they are migratory.
2 This does not include three birds of "management concern" to the Fish and Wildlife Service due to their small and/or declining population status in the Northeast (Schneider and Pence, 1992). Their are also an additional 98 neotropical migrant bird species that warrant attention because of the widespread general decline of the majority of neotropicals. These will also be considered in efforts to preserve the watershed's biodiversity.
E the species is listed as endangered under the federal Endangered Species Act of 1973.
T the species is listed as threatened under the federal Endangered Species Act of 1973.
C Candidate species are plants and animals for which the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) has sufficient information on their biological status and threats to propose them as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), but for which development of a proposed listing regulation is precluded by other higher priority listing activities.
W1 a rare species, with 20 or fewer known occurrences in the watershed states.
W2 a rare species, with 21 to 100 known occurrences in the watershed states.
W3 an uncommon species, usually with 100 to 400 occurrences in the watershed states.
W4 the species is common in one of the four watershed states, but rare or not present in the remaining states.
Watershed rarity ranks for species of special emphasis
Key to Status Codes:
E:the species is listed as endangered under the federal Endangered Species Act of 1973.
T:the species is listed as threatened under the federal Endangered Species Act of 1973.
C:Candidate species are plants and animals for which the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) has sufficient information on their biological status and threats to propose them as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), but for which development of a proposed listing regulation is precluded by other higher priority listing activities.
MC:the species is of management concern to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service due to declining populations in the Northeast.
AF:an anadromous fish; it is the responsibility of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to conserve and protect these migratory species of fish.
W1:a rare species, with 20 or fewer known occurrences in the watershed states.
W2:a rare species, with 21 to 100 known occurrences in the watershed states.
W3:an uncommon species, usually with 100 to 400 occurrences in the watershed states.
W4:the species is common in one of the 4 watershed states, but rare or not present in the remaining states.
Scientific nameCommon nameStatus
Mammals
Lasiurus cinereusHoary batW3
Martes americanaMartenW1
Microtus chrotorrhinusRock voleW4
Myotis leibiiSmallfooted batWl
Sorex disparLongtailed shrewW2
Sorex hoyiPygmy shrewW4
Sylvilagus transitionalisNew England cottontailCW2
Synaptomys cooperiSouthern bog lemmingW4
Birds
Accipiter cooperiiCooper's hawkW3
Accipiter gentilisNorthern goshawkW2
Ammodramus caudacutusSharptailed sparrowW3
Ammodramus maritimusSeaside sparrowMCW3
Ammodramus savannarumGrasshopper sparrowW2
Anas creccaGreenwinged tealW3
Anas rubripesAmerican black duckMC
Anas streperaGadwallW2
Ardea herodiasGreat blue heronW3
Asio flammeus (wintering pop.)Shorteared owl (wintering pops)MC W1
Asio otusLongeared owlW4
Bartramia longicaudaUpland sandpiperMCW2
Botaurus lentiginosusAmerican bitternMCW3
Buteo lineatusRedshouldered hawkMC
Caprimulgus vociferusWhippoorwllW4
Casmerodius albus (breeding pop.)Great egretW4
Catharus minimus bickneliiGraycheeked thrushW2
Catoptrophorus semipalmatusWilletW2
Charadrius melodusPiping ploverTW1
Chordeiles minorCommon nighthawkW4
Circus cyaneusNorthern harrierMCW2
Cistothorus platensisSedge wrenMCW1
Contopus borealisOlivesided flycatcherMC
Dendragapus canadensisSpruce grouseW3
Dendroica ceruleaCerulean warblerW2
Dendroica tigrinaCape may warblerW3
Egretta caeruleaLittle blue heronW4
Egretta thulaSnowy egretW4
Egretta tricolorTricolored heronW4
Empidonax virescens (breeding pop.)Acadian flycatcherW4
Euphagus carolinusRusty blackbirdW3
Falco peregrinusPeregrine falconW1
Gallinula chloropusCommon moorhenW2
Gavia immerCommon loonMCW3
Haliaeetus leucocephalusAmerican bald eagleW1
Icteria virensYellowbreasted chatW4
Icterus spuriusOrchard orioleW3
Ixobrychus exilisLeast bitternMCW2
Laterallus jamaicensisBlack railW1
Melanerpes erythrocephalusRedheaded woodpeckerW4
Nyctanassa violaceaYellowcrowned nightheron W4
Nycticorax nycticoraxBlackcrowned nightheron W4
Pandion haliaetusOspreyW4
Perisoreus canadensisGray jayW3
Phalacrocorax auritus (breeding pop.)Doublecrested cormorantW3
Picoides arcticusBlackbacked woodpeckerW3
Picoides tridactylusThreetoed woodpeckerW1
Podilymbus podicepsPiedbilled grebeMCW2
Pooecetes gramineusVesper sparrowW4
Porzana carolinaSoraW4
Progne subisPurple martinW3
Rallus elegansKing railW1
Rallus limicolaVirginia railW3
Sterna antillarumLeast ternW1
Sterna hirundoCommon ternW2
Tyto albaBarn owlMCW2
Vermivora chrysopteraGoldenwinged warblerMCW2
Vermivora peregrinaTennessee warblerW3
Wilsonia pusilla (breeding pop.)Wilson's warblerW1
Reptiles
Agkistrodon contortrixCopperheadW3
Carphophis amoenusWorm snakeW4
Clemmys guttataSpotted turtleW4
Clemmys insculptaWood turtleW4
Crotalus h. horridusTimber rattlesnakeW1
Elaphe obsoletaRat snakeW4
Heterodon platirhinosEastern hognose snakeW4
Malaclemys terrapinNorthern diamondback terrapinW2
Terrapene carolinaEastern box turtleW4
Thamnophis sauritusEastern ribbon snakeW4
Amphibians
Ambystoma jeffersonianumJefferson salamanderW3
Ambystoma laterale (diploid pops.)Bluespotted salamanderW3
Ambystoma opacumMarbled salamanderW4
Scaphiopus h. HolbrookiEastern spadefoot toadW2
Fish
Acipenser brevirostrumShortnose sturgeonEW1
Acipenser oxyrhynchusAtlantic sturgeonAFWl
Alosa aestivalisBlueback herringAF
Alosa mediocrisHickory shadAF
Alosa pseudoharengusAlewifeAFW4
Alosa sapidissimaAmerican shadAFW4
Enneacanthus obesusBanded sunfishW2
Hybognathus regiusEastern silvery minnowW1
Lampetra appendixAmerican brook lampreyW1
Morone americanaWhite perchAF
Morone saxatilisStriped bassAFW2
Osmerus mordaxRainbow smeltAF
Petromyzon marinosSea lampreyAF
Phoxinus eosNorthern redbelly daceW4
Prosopium cylindraceumRound whitefishW1
Salmo salarAtlantic salmonAFW4
Invertebrates
Acronicta lanceolariaA noctuid mothW2
Aeshna mutataSpring blue darner dragonflyW1
Agrotis stigmosaA noctuid mothW4
Alasmidonta heterodonDwarf wedge musselEW1
Alasmidonta varicosaBrook floaterWl
Apharetra purpureaBlueberry sallowW1
Apodrepanulatrix liberariaNew jersey tea inchwormW2
Argyrostrotis quadrifilarisA lepidopteranW4
Bemidion quadratulumGround carabid beetleW2
Boyeria grafianaOcellated darnerW1
Catocala herodias gerhardtGerhard's underwing mothW1
Catocala pretiosaPrecious underwing mothW2
Catocala sp. 1Pine woods underwingW3
Chaetaglaea cerataA noctuid mothW1
Cicindela ancocisconensisBoulderbeach tiger beetleW1
Cicindela duodecimguttataA tiger beetleW4
Cicindela marginipennisCobblestone tiger beetleWl
Cicindela puritanaPuritan tiger beetleTW1
Desmocerus palliatusElderberry borer beetleW1
Elimia virginicaVirginia river snailW1
Epelis truncatariaA geometer mothW2
Eubranchipus intricatusIntricate fairy shrimpW1
Eucoptocnemis fimbriarisA noctuid mothW1
Eulimnadia agassiziiFaxon's clam shrimpWl
Exyra rolandianaPitcher plant mothW3
Ferrissia walkeriCloche ancylidW2
Fixsenia ontarioNorthern hairstreakW1
Glena cognatariaBlueberry grayW2
Gomphus borealisBeaverpond clubtailW3
Grammia speciosaBog tiger mothW2
Grammia williamsiiWilliam's tiger mothW4
Gyraulus circumstriatusAn aquatic snailW1
Hemaris gracilisSlender clearwingW1
Hemileuca maiaA buck mothW1
Hesperia leonardosLeonardus skipperW4
Hydraecia immanisHop vine borer mothW4
Incisalia henriciHenry's elfinW1
Incisalia irusFrosted elfinW2
Itame sp. 1Pine barrens itame W1
Lampsilis cariosaYellow tampmusselW1
Leptodea ochraceaTidewater mucketW1
Ligumia nasutaEastern pondmusselW3
Limnadia lenticularisAmerican clam shrimpWl
Lophopodella carteriA moss animal (bryozoa)W1
Lycaena epixantheBog copperW4
Margaritifera margaritiferaEastern pearl musselW2
Metarranthis apiciariaBarrens metarranthis mothW2
Mitoura hesseliHessel's hairstreakW3
Ophiogomphus carolusRiffle snaketailW4
Papaipema appassionataPitcher plant borer mothW2
Papaipema duovataGoldenrod stem borerW1
Polycelis remotaSunderland spring planarianW1
Polygonia gracilisHoary commaW1
Pomatiopsis lapidariaSlenderwalkerW1
Rhodoecia aurantiagoOrange swallow mothW2
Somatochlora elongataSlender bog skimmer dragonflyW4
Stagnicola catascopiumWoodland pondsnailW1
Williamsonia fletcheriEbony boghaunterW1
Williamsonia lintneriBanded boghaunterW1
Zale curemaA noctuid mothW2
Zale sp. 1Pine barrens zale W2
Zale submedianaA noctuid mothW2
Zanclognatha marthaPine barrens zanclognathaW1
Plants
Acer nigrumBlack mapleW3
Achillea millefolium var. borealisNorthern yarrowW1
Adlumia fungosaClimbing fumatoryW4
Agrimonia parvifloraSmallflowered agrimonyW2
Agrimonia pusescensSoft grooveburW4
Agrostis borealisNorthern bentgrassW2
Allium schoenoprasum var. sibiricumSiberian chivesW2
Alopecurus aequalisShortawn foxtailW4
Aplectrum hyemalePuttyrootW1
Arabis lyrataLyreleaf rockcressW4
Arabis missouriensisMissouri rockcressW1
Arceuthobium pusillumDwarf mistletoeW4
Arctostaphylos alpinaAlpine manzanitaW1
Arenaria glabraMountain sandwortW3
Arenaria macrophyllaLargeleaved sandwortW2
Arenaria strictaRock sandwortW4
Arethusa bulbosaSwamp pinkW2
Arisaema dracontiumGreen dragonW3
Aristida longespica var. geniculataSpiked needlegrassW4
Aristida purpurascensPurple needlegrassW4
Aristolochia serpentariaVirginia snakerootW1
Artemisia campestris ssp. borealisBoreal wormwoodW2
Asclepias purpurascensPurple milkweedW4
Asclepias variegataWhite milkweedW1
Asclepias verticillataWhorled milkweedW4
Asplenium montanumMountain spleenwortW1
Asplenium rutamurariaWallrue spleenwortW4
Asplenium virideGreen spleenwortW1
Aster ciliolatusLindley's asterW1
Aster foliaceusLeafybracted asterW2
Aster infirmusCornelleaf asterW1
Aster prenanthoidesCrookedstern asterW2
Aster tradescantiiTradescant asterW4
Astragalus alpinus var. brunetianusAlpine milkvetchW1
Astragalus robbinsii var. minorBlake's milkvetchW1
Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupiiJesup's milkvetchEW1
Aureolaria pediculariaFeverweedW1
Bartonia virginicaYellow bartoniaW3
Betula minorDwarf white birchW1
Bidens eatoniiEaton beggarticksW1
Blephilia ciliataDowny woodmintW1
Blephilia hirsutaHairy woodmintW1
Braya humilisNew England rock cressW1
Calamagrostis canadensis var. robustaBluejoint reedgrassW3
Calamagrostis lacustrisPond reedgrassW2
Calamagrostis pickeringiiPickering's reed bentgrassW2
Calamagrostis stricta var. inexpansaNew England northern reedgrassW1
Calypso bulbosaFairy slipperW1
Calystegia spithamaeaLow bindweedW2
Cardamine pratensis var. palustrisCuckoo flowerW1
Cardamine x maximaLarge toothwortW4
Carex albursinaMinnesota sedgeW4
Carex arctaNorthern clustered sedgeW4
Carex baileyiBailey's sedgeW1
Carex bigelowiiBigelow sedgeW3
Carex bushiiBush's sedgeW1
Carex buxbaumiiBrown bog sedgeW3
Carex capillarisCapillary sedgeW1
Carex castaneaChestnutcolored sedgeW4
Carex cumulataClustered sedgeW4
Carex davisiiDavis sedgeW1
Carex diandraLesser panicled sedgeW4
Carex eburneaEbony sedgeW4
Carex exilisCoast sedgeW3
Carex flaccosperma var. glaucodeaFlaccid sedgeW4
Carex foeneaDryspike sedgeW4
Carex garberi var. bifariaGarber's sedgeW1
Carex grayiAsa gray sedgeW4
Carex hirsutellaSedgeW3
Carex hitchcockianaHitchcock's sedgeW3
Carex lenticularisShore sedgeW4
Carex lenticularis var. albimontanaLens sedgeW1
Carex mesochoreaMidland sedgeW1
Carex michauxianaMichaux sedgeW3
Carex oligospermaFewseeded sedgeW4
Carex scirpoideaBulrush sedgeW2
Carex trichocarpaHairy sedgeW2
Carex typhinaCattail sedgeW2
Carex vaginataSheathed sedgeW1
Carex viridulaLittle green sedgeW3
Carex viridula var. viridulaGreenish sedgeW3
Carex wiegandiiWiegand's sedgeW2
Castilleja coccineaScarlet indianpaintbrushW1
Castilleja septentrionalisLabrador indianpaintbrushW1
Cerastium nutansNodding chickweedW4
Chamaecyparis thyoidesAtlantic white cedarW4
Chenopodium boscianumBosc's pigweedW1
Chenopodium rubrumCoastblite goosefootW4
Claytonia virginicaNarrowleaved spring beautyW4
Corallorhiza odontorhizaAutumn coralrootW4
Corydalis aureaGolden corydalisW1
Corydalis flavulaYellow corydalisW1
Crassula aquaticaWater pygmyweedW2
Crotalaria sagittalisRattleboxW4
Cryptogramma stelleriFragile rockbrakeW3
Cynoglossum borealeNorthern wild comfreyW1
Cyperus houghtoniiHoughton's umbrellasedgeW2
Cypripedium arietinumRam'shead lady'sslipperW2
Cypripedium parviflorumSmall yellow lady'sslipperW4
Cypripedium pubescensLarge yellow lady'sslipperW4
Cypripedium reginaeShowy lady'sslipperW3
Deschampsia atropurpureaMountain hairgrassW1
Desmodium rotundifoliumProstrate ticktrefoilW4
Diapensia lapponicaLapland diapensiaW3
Dichanthelium scabriusculumPanic grassW1
Diplazium pycnocarponGlade fernW4
Dryopteris filixmasMale fernW1
Dryopteris fragransFragrant cliff woodfernW2
Dryopteris goldianaGoldie's woodfernW4
Echinodorus tenellus var. parvulusBurheadW1
Elatine americanaAmerican waterwortW4
Eleocharis equisetoidesHorsetail spikerushW1
Eleocharis obtusa var. ovataBlunt spikerushW4
Eleocharis pauciflora var. fernaldiiFewflowered spikerushW2
Elymus villosusHairy wildryeW2
Elymus wiegandiiWildryeW4
Empetrum atropurpureumPurple crowberryW1
Empetrum nigrumBlack crowberryW3
Equisetum palustreMarsh horsetailW2
Equisetum pratenseMeadow horsetailW4
Equisetum variegatumVariegated horsetailW4
Eragrostis capillarisLace lovegrassW4
Eragrostis frankiiFrank's lovegrassW3
Eragrostis hypnoidesMoss lovegrassW4
Erigeron hyssopifoliusHyssopleaved fleabaneW1
Eriocaulon parkeriParker's pipewortW1
Eupatorium aromaticumSmall white snakerootW1
Fuirena pumilaDwarf umbrellasedgeW4
Galearis spectabilisShowy orchisW4
Gaylussacia dumosa var. bigelovianaHuckleberryW2
Gentiana andrewsiiFringetop bottle gentianW4
Gentianella quinquefoliaStiff gentianW1
Geocaulon lividumNorthern comandraW1
Geranium carolinianum var. carolinianumCarolina cranesbillW4
Geum peckiiMountain avensW1
Gnaphalium sylvaticumWoodland cudweedW1
Hackelia deflexa var. americanaNodding stickseedW2
Halenia deflexaSpurred gentianW1
Hedyotis longifoliaLongleaf bluetW3
Hieracium umbellatumUmbelled hawkweedW1
Hierochloe alpinaAlpine sweet grassW2
Hippuris vulgarisCommon mare'stailW3
Hottonia inflataFeatherfoilW1
Hydrastis canadensisGolden sealW1
Hypericum pyramidatumGreat st. JohnswortW2
Isoetes eatoniiEaton's quillwortWl
Isoetes macrosporaLargespored quillwortW4
Isotria medeoloidesSmall whorled pogoniaTW1
Juglans cinereaButternutW2
Juncus militarisSoldier rushW4
Juncus trifidusHighland rushW4
Juniperus horizontalisCreeping juniperW1
Lachnanthes carolianaCarolina redrootW2
Leptoloma cognatumMountain hairgrassW4
Lespedeza repensCreeping bushcloverW1
Liatris borealisNorthern blazing starW2
Lilaeopsis chinensisEastern lilaeopsisW3
Limosella australisAulleaf mudwortW4
Lipocarpha micranthaDwarf bulrushW1
Listera auriculataAuricled twaybladeW1
Listera convallarioidesBroadleaved twaybladeW4
Listera cordataHeartleaved twaybladeW4
Littorella americanaAmerican shoregrassW1
Lobelia kalmiiKalm's lobeliaW4
Loiseleuria procumbensAlpine azaleaW2
Lonicera oblongifoliaSwamp flyhoneysuckleW1
Ludwigia polycarpaManyfruited falseloosestrife W2
Lupinus perennisSundial lupineW3
Lycopodium selagoMountain clubmossW4
Lygodium palmatumClimbing or Hartford fernW3
Malaxis brachypodaWhite adder'smouthW2
Malaxis unifoliaGreen adder'smouthW2
Megalodonta beckiiBeck's watermarigoldW4
Milium effusumWoodland milletW3
Mimulus alatusWinged monkeyflowerW1
Mimulus moschatusMuskflowerW4
Morus rubraRed mulberryW1
Muhlenbergia capillarisLongawn hairgrassW1
Muhlenbergia tenuifloraSlenderflowered muhlenbergiaW3
Myriophyllum alterniflorumAlternateflowered watermilfoil W3
Myriophyllum farwelliiFarwell's watermilfoilW2
Najas guadalupensisGuadalupe naiadW1
Nuphar luteum ssp. pumilumTiny cowlilyW4
Onosmodium virginianumVirginia falsegromwellW1
Ophioglossum pusillumAdder'stongue fernW4
Opuntia humifusaEastern prickly pearW2
Orontium aquaticumGolden clubW2
Osmorhiza chilensisMountain sweetcicelyW1
Oxalis violaceaViolet woodsorrelW1
Panax quinquefoliusAmerican ginsengW3
Panicum amarumPanic grassW1
Panicum gattingeriGattinger's panicgrassW3
Paronychia argyrocona var. albimontanaWhite mountain silverlingW2
Paspalum ciliatifolium Slender paspalumW4
Paspalum laeveField paspalumW1
Pedicularis lanceolataSwamp lousewortW1
Penstemon hirsutusHairy beardtongueW4
Petasites frigidus var. PalmatusSweet coltsfootW2
Phyllodoce caeruleaMountainheathW1
Physostegia virginianaLion'sheadW4
Pinguicula vulgarisCommon butterwortW1
Pinus banksianaJack pineW2
Platanthera blephariglottisWhitefringed orchidW4
Platanthera ciliarisYellowfringed orchisW1
Platanthera flava var. herbiolaPale green orchisW2
Platanthera hookeriHooker's orchisW4
Poa languidaDrooping bluegrassW1
Podostemum ceratophyllumThreadfootW3
Polygala nuttalliiNuttall milkwortW4
Polygonum setaceum var. interjectumStrigose knotweedW2
Populus heterophyllaSwamp cottonwoodW1
Potamogeton alpinusThinleaved alpine pondweedW4
Potamogeton confervoidesTuckerman's pondweedW2
Potamogeton filiformis var. alpinusNorthern slender pondweedW2
Potamogeton ogdeniiOgden's pondweedWl
Potamogeton vaseyiVasey's pondweedW2
Potentilla robbinsianaRobbin's cinquefoilEW1
Prenanthes serpentariaLion's footW1
Primula mistassinicaBird'seye primroseW1
Prunus americanaAmerican or wild plumW2
Psilocarya scirpoidesLongbeaked baldrushW3
Pyrola asarifolia var. purpureaBog wintergreenW2
Quercus coccineaScarlet oakW4
Quercus macrocarpaBur oakW4
Ranunculus micranthusTinyflowered crowfootW4
Ranunculus pennsylvanicusBristly crowfootW4
Ranunculus sceleratusCursed crowfootW4
Rhododendron maximumGreat laurelW3
Rhus aromaticaFragrant sumacW3
Rhynchospora capillaceaCapillary beakrushW1
Rhynchospora macrostachyaTall beakedrushW1
Rosa acicularisNorthern prickly roseW4
Rotala ramosiorToothcupW1
Rubus chamaemorusBaked apple berryW1
Rumex verticillatusSwamp dockW4
Sagittaria calycina var. spongiosaArrow HeadW2
Sagittaria cuneataWapatum arrowheadW4
Sagittaria subulataRiver arrowheadW1
Sagittaria teresSlender arrowheadW4
Salix argyrocarpaSilver willowW1
Salix cordata var. abrasaHeartshaped willowW1
Salix exiguaSandbar willowW3
Salix herbaceaDwarf willowW1
Salix pellitaSatin willowW2
Salix planifoliaTealeaved willowW2
Salix uvaursiBearberry willowW3
Sanicula trifoliataThreeleaved blacksnakeroot W4
Saururus cernuusLizard'stailW1
Saxifraga aizoon var. neogaeaLivelong saxifrageW1
Saxifraga oppositifoliaPurple mountain saxifrageW1
Scheuchzeria palustrisPodgrassW4
Scirpus ancistrochaetusNortheastern bulrushEW1
Scirpus cylindricusSaltmarsh bulrushW1
Scirpus pendulusPendulous bulrushW4
Scirpus polyphyllusManyleaved bulrushW4
Scirpus torreyiTorrey's bulrushW4
Scleria reticularisReticulate nutrushW4
Scleria triglomerataTall nutsedgeW1
Sedum roseaRoserootW1
Sisyrinchium mucronatumSlender blueeyed grassW4
Solidago cutleriCutter's goldenrodW2
Solidago macrophyllaLargeleaved goldenrodW4
Solidago ptarmicoidesPrairie goldenrodW3
Solidago purshiiPursh's goldenrodW4
Sorsus decoraNorthern mountainashW2
Sparganium fluctuansWater burreedW3
Spergularia canadensisCanada sandspurryW4
Sphenopholis nitidaShining wedgegrassW4
Sphenopholis pennsylvanicaSwamp oatsW4
Spiranthes lucidaShining lady'stressesW4
Spiranthes romanzoffianaHooded lady'stressesW4
Sporobolus cryptandrusSand dropseedW4
Sporobolus heterolepisNorthern dropseedW1
Sporobolus neglectusSmall dropseedW1
Stachys myssopifoliaHyssopleaf hedgenettleW1
Stachys tenuifoliaSmooth hedgenettleW4
Symphoricarpos albus var. albusSnowberryW4
Tofieldia glutinosaSticky false asphodelW1
Trichomanes intricatumA filmyfernW2
Trichostema brachiatumFalse pennyroyalW1
Triosteum aurantiacumCoffee tinker'sweedW2
Triphora trianthophoraThreebirds orchidW2
Trisetum spicatum var. molleSpiked falseoatsW4
Utricularia resupinataNortheastern bladderwortW3
Uvularia grandifloraLargeflowered bellwortW4
Vaccinium borealeAlpine blueberryW3
Vaccinium cespitosumDwarf bilberryW4
Vaccinium uliginosum s. pubescensBilberryW3
Vaccinium vitisidaea ssp. minusMountain cranberryW4
Valeriana uliginosaMarsh valerianW1
Verbena simplexNarrowleaved vervainW4
Veronicastrum virginicumCulver'srootW4
Viburnum eduleSquashberryW4
Viburnum rafinesquianumDowny arrowwoodW4
Viola nephrophyllaNorthern bog violetW4
Vitis novaeangliaeNew England grapeW4
Waldsteinia fragarioidesBarren strawberryW4
Woodsia glabellaSmooth woodsiaW1
Xyris montanaYelloweyed grassW4
Xyris smallianaSmall's yelloweyed grassW1
Zannichellia palustrisHorned pondweedW4
Silvio O. Conte National Fish and Wildlife Refuge______
Conserving the Nature of the Connecticut River Watershed