Appendix 4. Presence of Epiphytic Algae on Cymodocea Nodosa Seagrass Leaves According To

Appendix 1. Decay of nutrient concentrations with distances away from diffusers corresponding to 'large' (pulse) treatments at 3 random times. Solid lines denote significant linear regressions (p< 0.01), while broken lines indicate non-significant trends (p> 0.01).

Appendix 2.Changes in PAR immediately above seagrass canopies throughout the experimental period. Some gaps through time resulted from a lack of recordings. A progressive decrease in PAR was observed through time, particularly at the end of the experiment (early winter).

Appendix 3.Results of 2-way ANOVAs testing the effects of fertilization intensity (Int) and frequency (F) on biological responses.

Cymodocea nodosa biomass
C = 0.4544 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0321 / 2.29 / 0.1462
Frequency / 1 / 0.1079 / 7.67 / 0.0118
Int x F / 1 / 0.0186 / 1.32 / 0.264
Residual / 20 / 0.0141
Caulerpa prolifera biomass
Transform: Ln(x+1), C = 0.4235 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0043 / 0.04 / 0.8415
Frequency / 1 / 0.0932 / 0.9 / 0.3542
Int x F / 1 / 0.0478 / 0.46 / 0.5048
Residual / 20 / 0.1036
Primary Productivity(gDW-1)
C = 0.4228 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0034 / 0.1 / 0.764
Frequency / 1 / 0.1194 / 3.39 / 0.103
Int x F / 1 / 0.0221 / 0.63 / 0.4517
Residual / 8 / 0.0353
Primary Productivity(per m2)
C = 0.4878 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 2937.5052 / 2.55 / 0.149
Frequency / 1 / 1341.4388 / 1.16 / 0.312
Int x F / 1 / 44.0833 / 0.04 / 0.8498
Residual / 8 / 1152.0738
Epiphytic loads
C = 0.4538 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.2913 / 9.82 / 0.0052
Frequency / 1 / 0.3549 / 11.96 / 0.0025
Int x F / 1 / 0.4911 / 16.54 / 0.0006
Residual / 8 / 0.0297
Secondary Productivity
C = 0.5171 (NS)
Intensity / 1 / 5148.1203 / 0.05 / 0.8241
Frequency / 1 / 1415.6469 / 0.01 / 0.9071
Int x F / 1 / 1215.9892 / 0.01 / 0.9139
Residual / 8 / 97560.9799
C: Cochran’s test statistic. NS: non-significant. Significant values are highlighted in bold.

Appendix 4. Presence of epiphytic algae on Cymodocea nodosa seagrass leaves according to experimental treatments.

Control / Large (chronic) / Moderate(chronic) / Moderate(pulse) / Large (pulse)
Cyanophycota
Arthrospiraneapolitana / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0
Schizothrix mexicana / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0
Rhodophycota
Aglaothamnionhookeri / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0
Antithamnioncruciatum / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0
Callithamnioncorymbosum / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0
Ceramium codii / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 1
Ceramium diaphanum / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Ceramium flaccidum / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Ceramium tenerrimum / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0
Champiaparvula / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Crouania attenuata / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0
Dasyacorymbifera / 1 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0
Fosliella sp. / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Erythrotrichiacarnea / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0
Herposiphoniasecunda / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Heterosiphoniacrispella / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1
Hypneaspinella / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Jania adhaerens / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0
Laurencia sp. / 1 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 1
Lophocladiatrichoclados / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0
Polysiphoniadenudata / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0
Polysiphoniaflexella / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0
Polysiphoniaharveyi / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0
Polysiphonia sp. / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Spyridiafilamentosa / 1 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0
Titanoderma sp. / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Chromophycota
Cladosiphonzosterae / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Dictyota dichotoma / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Chlorophycota
Cladophora sp. / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 1

Appendix 5.Results of 2-way ANOVAs testing the effects of fertilization intensity (Int) and frequency (F) on photosynthetic performance.

Cymodocea nodosa: Fv/Fm
Transform: Sqrt(x), C = 0.660 (P< 0.05)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0006 / 2.69 / 0.111
Frequency / 1 / 0.0001 / 0.6 / 0.4456
Int x F / 1 / 0.0002 / 1.14 / 0.2941
Residual / 32 / 0.0002
Caulerpa prolifera: Fv/Fm
C = 0.4628 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0072 / 2.15 / 0.1527
Frequency / 1 / 0 / 0.01 / 0.9134
Int x F / 1 / 0.0004 / 0.11 / 0.7402
Residual / 32 / 0.0033
Cymodocea nodosa: ETR max
C = 0.3622 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 23.8307 / 0.85 / 0.3647
Frequency / 1 / 2.907 / 0.1 / 0.7502
Int x F / 1 / 34.0083 / 1.21 / 0.2802
Residual / 32 / 28.1864
Caulerpa prolifera:ETR max
Transform: Ln(x+1), C = 0.6795 (P< 0.05)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0072 / 0.11 / 0.7443
Frequency / 1 / 0.0735 / 1.11 / 0.3001
Int x F / 1 / 0.1394 / 2.1 / 0.1566
Residual / 32 / 0.0663
Cymodocea nodosa:quantum efficiency
C = 0.4228 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0001 / 0.06 / 0.8062
Frequency / 1 / 0.003 / 2.12 / 0.1548
Int x F / 1 / 0.0001 / 0.08 / 0.7726
Residual / 32 / 0.0014
Caulerpa prolifera:quantum efficiency
C = 0.4878 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0054 / 3.68 / 0.0641
Frequency / 1 / 0.0042 / 2.92 / 0.0973
Int x F / 1 / 0.0018 / 1.2 / 0.2811
Residual / 32 / 0.0015
C: Cochran’s test statistic. NS: non-significant.

Appendix 6.Results of 2-way ANOVAs testing the effects of fertilization intensity (I) and frequency (F) on physiological responses.

Cymodocea nodosa: P content
C = 0.4053 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0045 / 3.65 / 0.0706
Frequency / 1 / 0.0015 / 1.25 / 0.2766
Int x F / 1 / 0.0001 / 0.06 / 0.8108
Residual / 20 / 0.0012
Caulerpa prolifera: P content
C = 0.5125 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0068 / 2.58 / 0.118
Frequency / 1 / 0.002 / 0.75 / 0.3941
Int x F / 1 / 0.0004 / 0.17 / 0.6823
Residual / 32 / 0.0026
Cymodocea nodosa: Chl-a concentration
C = 0.4134 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0157 / 0.17 / 0.6817
Frequency / 1 / 1.9202 / 21.02 / 0.0001
Int x F / 1 / 0.0488 / 0.53 / 0.4703
Residual / 32 / 0.0913
Caulerpa prolifera:Chl-a concentration
C = 0.3088 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0287 / 0.27 / 0.6092
Frequency / 1 / 0.0665 / 0.62 / 0.438
Int x F / 1 / 0.0142 / 0.13 / 0.719
Residual / 32 / 0.1078
Cymodocea nodosa:Chl-b concentration
C = 0.4055 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.0884 / 3.46 / 0.0722
Frequency / 1 / 0.9558 / 37.39 / <0.0001
Int x F / 1 / 0.0301 / 1.18 / 0.2864
Residual / 32 / 0.0256
Caulerpa prolifera:Chl-b concentration
C = 0.3751 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 0.1815 / 1.09 / 0.3041
Frequency / 1 / 0.1156 / 0.7 / 0.4106
Int x F / 1 / 1.2073 / 7.26 / 0.0112
Residual / 32 / 0.1664
Cymodocea nodosa: Phenols concentration
C = 0.3368 (NS)
DF / MS / F / P
Intensity / 1 / 1.6044 / 8.21 / 0.0073
Frequency / 1 / 0.4338 / 2.22 / 0.1459
Int x F / 1 / 0.2196 / 1.12 / 0.2969
Residual / 32 / 0.1953
Caulerpa prolifera: Phenols concentration
Transform: Ln(x+1), C = 0.6133 (P< 0.05)
Intensity / 1 / 0.2959 / 6.35 / 0.017
Frequency / 1 / 0.0384 / 0.82 / 0.371
Int x F / 1 / 0.2511 / 5.39 / 0.0268
Residual / 32 / 0.0466
C: Cochran’s test statistic. NS: non-significant. Significant values are highlighted in bold.

Appendix 7. Abundance of epifauna (ind 0.04 m-2) at the end of the experiment according to experimental treatments.

Species / Control / Moderate(chronic) / Large (chronic) / Moderate(pulse) / Large (pulse)
Amphipoda / Dexamine spinosa / 0 / 1 / 2 / 1 / 0
Amphipoda / Maeragrossimana / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0
Paguridae / Paguridae sp1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0
Amphipoda / Pereionotus testudo / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0
Amphipoda / Pseudoprotella phasma / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1
Amphipoda / Sunampithoepelagica / 1 / 3 / 1 / 0 / 0

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