Session 13
Review Day
BY 123 – Dr. Cusic
Marlee’sSupplemental Instruction
- What are cylcins? Why are they important?
- What is MFP? Why is it important?
- What are the three ways that meiosis helps to increase genetic variation?
- What are homologous chromosomes (homologs)?
- Describe the CAM mechanism.
- ______connects coenzyme A onto pyruvate making it very reactive.
- Label the phases of meiosis.
Below are some good practice test questions that didn’t make the cut for this year’s mock exam
1. Catabolism is to anabolism as ______is to ______.
A)free energy/ entropy
B)entropy / enthalpy
C)endergonic/ exergonic
D)exergonic/ endergonic
2. Enzymes are known as biological catalyst and ______.
A) Increase delta G
B) Decrease delta G.
C) Increase activation energy
D) Decrease activation energy.
3. Enzymes can be affected by ______.
A) Salt concentration
B)pH
C) Increase in temperature
D) Decrease in temperature
E) Only A B and C
f. All of the above
4. The process of glycolysis takes place in the ______of the cell and results in the creation of 2 ______carbon molecules of ______.
A) Mitochondria, 3 ,G3Ps
B) Cytosol, 2, Pyruvates
C) Mitochondria, 3, Pyruvates
D) Cytosol, 3, Pyruvates
5. The color ______contains the ______energy and the ______wavelength.
A) Indigo/ highest/ shortest
B) Red/ lowest/ longest
C) Violet/ highest/ longest
D) Green/ lowest/ highest
6.Meiosis I is the ______and Meiosis 2 is the ______.
A)separation of chromatids/ separation of homologous chromosomes
B) Separation of homologous chromosomes/ separation of chromatids
C)crossing over of sister chromatids/ separation of chromosomes
D)separation of chromosomes/ crossing over of sister chromatids
7. Which of the following is a reason why high fevers can be dangerous?
A. They directly slow down reactions.
B. They denature enzymes.
C. They denature proteins.
D. B and C
E. All of the above.
8. Which of the following is not true?
A. Reducing agents are electron donors.
B. Oxidizing agents are electron acceptors.
C. Oxidation is the loss of electrons.
D. Reduction is the gain of electrons.
E. NAD+ is a reducing agent.
9. A mutation prevents the formation of cristae in the mitochondria. What process would be affected by this mutation?
A. Glycolysis
B. Photosynthesis
C. The electron transport chain
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above.
10. True or false: The same number of ATP is always formed in cellular respiration.
11. A mutant lung cell begins mitosis with 16 chromosomes. How many sister chromatids will be present during metaphase?
A. 16
B. 32
C. 72
D. 48
E. There is not enough information to determine the number present during metaphase.
12. Which of the following processes or structures is mismatched with its location?
A. light reactions—grana
B. electron transport chain—thylakoid membrane
C. Calvin cycle—stroma
D. ATP synthase—double membrane surrounding chloroplast
E. splitting of water—thylakoid space
- Accessory pigments within chloroplasts are responsible for
A. driving the splitting of water molecules.
B. absorbing photons of different wavelengths of light and passing that energy to P680 or P700.
C. providing electrons to the reaction-center chlorophyll after photoexcited electrons pass to NADP+
D. pumping H+ across the thylakoid membrane to create a photon-motive force.
E. anchoring chloropyll a within the reaction center.
- A cell in which of the following phases has the least amount of DNA?
A. G0
B. G2
C. prophase
D. metaphase
E. anaphase
15. Which pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration?
A. the citric acid cycle
B. The ETC
C. Glycolysis
D. Synthesis of Acetyl Co A from pyruvate
E. Reduction of pyruvate to lactate
16. The final electron acceptor of the ETC that functions in aerobic oxidative phosphorylation is
A. Water
B. Oxygen
C. NAD+
D. pyruvate
E. ADP
17. In photosynthesis, photophosphorylation is most similar to
A. substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis
B. oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration
C. the Calvin cycle
D. Carbon cycle
E. Reduction to NADP+
18. When electrons move closer to a more electronegative atom, what happens?
- The more electronegative atom is reduced, and energy is consumed
B. The more electronegative atom is reduced, and energy is released.
C. The more electronegative atom is oxidized, and energy is released.
D. The more electronegative atom is oxidized, and energy is consumed.
19. Plants can photosynthesis when ______; they respire when ______.
A. light is available; light is available
B. light is available; light is or is not available
C. light is or is not available; light is or is not available
D. light is or is not available; light is available
20. A molecule that is phosphorylated has
A. an increased chemical potential energy; it is primed to do cellular work.
B. been reduced as a result of a redox reaction involving the loss of an organic phosphate.
C. a decreased chemical reactivity; it is less likely to provide energy for cellular work.
D. been oxidized as a result of a redox reaction involving the gain of an inorganic phosphate.
E. all of the above
F. A and D
21. In a human karyotype, chromosomes are arranged in 23 pairs. If we choose one of these pairs, such as pair 14, which of the following do the two chromosomes of the pair have in common?
- They have nothing in common except they are x-shaped.
- Length and position of the centromere only.
- Length, centromere position, and staining pattern only.
- Length, centromeres positioning, staining pattern, and traits coded for by the genes
22. At the end of meiosis I, the resulting two cells are
A. identical in all ways.
B. genetically identical.
C. genetically different.
D. hexaploid.
E. prepared to enter interphase so the chromosomes can be replicated.
23. If an organism's diploid chromosome number is 18, how many different possible combinations of homologous chromosomes lining up during meiosis exist for the eggs or sperm produced by that organism?
A. 9
B. 18
C. 36
D. 128
E. 512
24. Cytokinesis in plant cells differs from cytokinesis in animal cells because
A. the contractile protein, actin, is important only in plant cells.
B. a contractile ring forms only inplant cells.
C. in plant cells, the cell plate must also divide into two parts.
D. plant cells have a rigid cell wall.
E. there is no difference.
25. Most cells are small. When they reach a certain size, cells typically divide. This has to do with the
A. amount of genetic material.
B. Surface-to-volume ratio.
C. inability to produce more components of the cell membrane.
D. fact that they cannot possess sufficient numbers of organelles for normal cell functioning. E. differences between viral particles and eukaryotic cells.
26. Microtubules are
A. affected by cancer-fighting chemicals such as Taxol.
B. responsible for formation of the contractile ring.
C. involved in cell plate formation.
D. only built up to make longer and longer microtubules. E. important during interphase of the cell cycle.
29. Match the following phases with the proper description.
A. a period in which the cell manufactures cellular molecules in preparation for replication of the genetic material
B. a period in which the cell prepares for division by producing, among other things, much tubulin
C. the actual division of the genetic material
D. the actual splitting of the cytoplasm of the two daughter cells
E. replication of DNA
____ S
____ G2
____ cytokinesis
____ G2
____ mitosis
30.
A. separate, duplicated structures composed of DNA visible under the microscope
B. genetic material that is "unwound" in between cell divisions
C. a duplicated strand of DNA held to its duplicate by a centromere
D. a proteinaceous band holding duplicate copies of the genetic material
E. a structure that holds the sister chromatids to the spindle fibers
____ kinetochore
____ chromosome
____ chromatid
____ chromatin
____ centromere
31.
A. mitosis
B. meiosis
C. both
____ Produces genetically identical daughter cells
____ Occurs in somatic cells
____ Gives rise to gametes
____ Generally produces 4 daughter cells
____ Requires chromosome replication must be completed beforehand
32. How is photosynthesis similar in C4 and CAM plants?
A. in both cases, only photosystem 1 is used
B. Both types of plants make sugar without the Calvin Cycle
C. In both cases, RUBISCO is not used to fix carbon initially
D. Both types of plants make most of their sugar in the dark
E. In both cases, thylakoids are not involved in Photosynthesis
33. Both cylcin concentration and MPF activity are highest during ______.
A. S
B. G2
C. G1
D. M