STAT/05/13
25 January 2005
Regional GDP per capita in the EU25
GDP per capita in 2002 ranged from 32% of the EU25 average in Lubelskie to 315% in Inner London
In 2002, GDP per capita1, expressed in terms of purchasing power standards2, in the EU25's 254 NUTS-23 regions ranged from 32% of the EU25 average in the region of Lubelskie in Poland, to 315% of the average in Inner London in the United Kingdom.
This information is taken from provisional1 data released today by Eurostat, the Statistical Office of the European Communities.
One region in seven above 125% of the EU25 average...
The three leading regions in the ranking of regional GDP per capita in 2002 were Inner London in the United Kingdom (315% of the average), Bruxelles-Capitale in Belgium (234%) and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (213%). Among the 37 regions exceeding the 125% level, seven were in the United Kingdom, six each in Germany and Italy, four each in the Netherlands and Austria, two each in Belgium and Finland, one region each in the Czech Republic, Spain, France, Ireland and Sweden, and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. The only region amongst the new Member States was Praha in the Czech Republic (153%).
It should be noted, however, that in some regions the GDP per capita figures can be significantly influenced by commuter flows. Net commuter arrivals in these regions push up production to a level that could not be achieved by the resident active population on its own. The result is that GDP per capita can be overestimated in these regions (e.g. Inner London) and underestimated in the regions where the commuters live (e.g. Outer London, Kent and Essex). In other cases, a high proportion of pensioners in a region can lead to lower regional GDP per capita.
…and one in four below 75%
The five lowest regions in the ranking were all in Poland: Lubelskie (32% of the average), Podkarpackie (33%), Warmińsko-Mazurskie (34%), Podlaskie (35%) and Świętokrzyskie (36%). Among the 59 regions below the 75% level, sixteen were in Poland, seven in the Czech Republic, six each in Hungary and Germany, five in Greece, four each in Italy and Portugal, three in Slovakia, two in Spain, one region each in Belgium and the United Kingdom, and Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Malta. The lowest ranked region amongst the old Member States was Dytiki Ellada in Greece (58%). It should be noted that data is not yet available for the départments d'outre-mer in France, but based on earlier figures these regions would also have fallen below 75% of the EU25 average.
Regional GDP per capita in the EU25 in 2002
(in PPS, EU25 = 100)
1 / Inner London (UK) / 315 / 1 / Lubelskie (PL) / 32
2 / Bruxelles-Capitale (BE) / 234 / 2 / Podkarpackie (PL) / 33
3 / Luxembourg / 213 / 3 / Warmińsko-Mazurskie (PL) / 34
4 / Hamburg (DE) / 188 / 4 / Podlaskie (PL) / 35
5 / Île de France (FR) / 176 / 5 / Świętokrzyskie (PL) / 36
6 / Wien (AT) / 174 / 6 / Észak Magyaroszág (HU) / 37
7 / Berkshire, Buckinghamshire & Oxfordshire (UK) / 162 / 7 / Opolskie (PL) / 37
8 / Provincia Autonoma Bolzano (IT) / 160 / 8 / Eszag-Alföld (HU) / 38
9 / Stockholm (SE) / 158 / 9 / Východné Slovensko (SK) / 39
10 / Oberbayern (DE) / 158 / 10 / Latvia / 39
1. GDP, and thus per capita GDP, are indicators of a country's total production and expenditure, and are therefore a way of measuring and comparing the degree of economic development of countries. GDP is not synonymous with the income ultimately available to private households in a country. Details of the methodology used can be found in "Regional Accounts Methods: gross value added and gross fixed capital formation by activity", Eurostat, 1995, ISBN 92-827-0159-X.
Data on GDP per capita are based on regional population figures which do not yet take into account revisions following the recent round of censuses for the Czech Republic, Ireland, Italy, Slovakia and United Kingdom. Therefore data for these Member States may be subject to revision. All regional GDP data for Greece and the Netherlands are provisional.
2. The PPS (purchasing power standard) is an artificial currency that reflects differences in national price levels that are not taken into account by exchange rates. This unit allows meaningful volume comparisons of economic indicators over countries. Aggregates expressed in PPS are derived by dividing aggregates in current prices and national currency with the respective Purchasing Power Parity (PPP).
3. These data are based on the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics adopted in July 2003. NUTS 2003 provides a uniform, consistent breakdown of territorial units for the production of regional statistics for the EU. Level 2 of the nomenclature has 254 regions: Belgium (11), the Czech Republic (8), Germany (41), Greece (13), Spain (19), France (26), Ireland (2), Italy (21), Hungary (7), the Netherlands (12), Austria (9), Poland (16), Portugal (7), Slovakia (4), Finland (5), Sweden (8) and the United Kingdom (37). Denmark, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta and Slovenia are all considered as single regions at NUTS 2 level. For a list of the European statistical regions see:
http://europa.eu.int/comm/eurostat/ramon/nuts/codelist_en.cfm.
Issued by:
Eurostat Press Office
Philippe Bautier
BECH Building
L-2920 Luxembourg
Tel: +352-4301-33 444
Fax: +352-4301-35 349
For further information about the data:
Andreas KRUEGER
Tel: +352-4301-36 397
Fax: +352-4301-34 029
Eurostat news releases on the Internet:
http://europa.eu.int/comm/eurostat/
Regional GDP in the European Union
Region (NUTS 2003) / GDP2002
Mio. euro / GDP
2002
Mio. PPS / GDP per capita 2002
PPS / GDP per capita
2002
PPS
EU25=100 / GDP per capita
2000-2002
PPS / GDP per capita
2000-2002
PPS
EU25=100
EU25 / 9 625 302 / 9 625 302 / 21 172 / 100.0 / 20 459 / 100.0
BELGIUM / 261 124 / 255 261 / 24 711 / 116.7 / 23 930 / 117.0
Bruxelles-Cap. / Brussels Hfdst. / 50 007 / 48 884 / 49 631 / 234.4 / 48 539 / 237.3
Vlaams Gewest / 149 764 / 146 402 / 24 471 / 115.6 / 23 638 / 115.5
Antwerpen / 48 914 / 47 816 / 28 868 / 136.4 / 27 910 / 136.4
Limburg (BE) / 17 058 / 16 675 / 20 834 / 98.4 / 20 147 / 98.5
Oost-Vlaanderen / 30 579 / 29 893 / 21 851 / 103.2 / 20 852 / 101.9
Vlaams Brabant / 26 643 / 26 045 / 25 408 / 120.0 / 24 780 / 121.1
West-Vlaanderen / 26 571 / 25 974 / 22 929 / 108.3 / 22 195 / 108.5
Région Wallonne / 61 353 / 59 976 / 17 837 / 84.2 / 17 310 / 84.6
Brabant Wallon / 8 808 / 8 611 / 24 152 / 114.1 / 23 066 / 112.7
Hainaut / 20 780 / 20 314 / 15 857 / 74.9 / 15 446 / 75.5
Liège / 19 259 / 18 827 / 18 373 / 86.8 / 17 942 / 87.7
Luxembourg (BE) / 4 505 / 4 404 / 17 525 / 82.8 / 16 965 / 82.9
Namur / 8 000 / 7 821 / 17 419 / 82.3 / 16 845 / 82.3
CZECH REPUBLIC / 78 388 / 146 020 / 14 315 / 67.6 / 13 547 / 66.2
Praha / 20 123 / 37 485 / 32 348 / 152.8 / 30 142 / 147.3
Střední Čechy / 7 077 / 13 183 / 11 710 / 55.3 / 11 127 / 54.4
Jihozápad / 8 154 / 15 188 / 12 936 / 61.1 / 12 366 / 60.4
Severozápad / 6 881 / 12 818 / 11 412 / 53.9 / 10 909 / 53.3
Severovýchod / 9 556 / 17 802 / 12 004 / 56.7 / 11 380 / 55.6
Jihovýchod / 11 153 / 20 776 / 12 663 / 59.8 / 11 908 / 58.2
Střední Morava / 7 331 / 13 656 / 11 095 / 52.4 / 10 652 / 52.1
Moravskoslezsko / 8 113 / 15 112 / 11 952 / 56.5 / 11 318 / 55.3
DENMARK / 183 125 / 139 393 / 25 929 / 122.5 / 25 605 / 125.2
GERMANY / 2 107 300 / 1 897 528 / 23 005 / 108.7 / 22 547 / 110.2
Baden-Württemberg / 311 980 / 280 924 / 26 425 / 124.8 / 25 807 / 126.1
Stuttgart / 128 130 / 115 376 / 29 024 / 137.1 / 28 371 / 138.7
Karlsruhe / 81 258 / 73 169 / 27 016 / 127.6 / 26 308 / 128.6
Freiburg / 54 695 / 49 251 / 22 764 / 107.5 / 22 393 / 109.5
Tübingen / 47 896 / 43 129 / 24 177 / 114.2 / 23 468 / 114.7
Bayern / 366 760 / 330 251 / 26 723 / 126.2 / 26 282 / 128.5
Oberbayern / 154 302 / 138 942 / 33 445 / 158.0 / 32 896 / 160.8
Niederbayern / 29 312 / 26 394 / 22 209 / 104.9 / 21 508 / 105.1
Oberpfalz / 27 446 / 24 714 / 22 732 / 107.4 / 22 481 / 109.9
Oberfranken / 27 470 / 24 735 / 22 223 / 105.0 / 21 877 / 106.9
Mittelfranken / 49 139 / 44 247 / 26 014 / 122.9 / 25 890 / 126.5
Unterfranken / 33 171 / 29 869 / 22 252 / 105.1 / 21 948 / 107.3
Schwaben / 45 920 / 41 349 / 23 337 / 110.2 / 22 843 / 111.7
Berlin / 76 991 / 69 327 / 20 449 / 96.6 / 20 281 / 99.1
Brandenburg / 44 617 / 40 176 / 15 533 / 73.4 / 15 223 / 74.4
Brandenburg-Nordost / 19 506 / 17 564 / 14 983 / 70.8 / 14 461 / 70.7
Brandenburg-Südwest / 25 112 / 22 612 / 15 990 / 75.5 / 15 856 / 77.5
Bremen / 23 213 / 20 902 / 31 664 / 149.6 / 30 723 / 150.2
Hamburg / 76267 / 68 675 / 39 756 / 187.8 / 38 690 / 189.1
Hessen / 191 740 / 172 653 / 28 374 / 134.0 / 27 733 / 135.6
Darmstadt / 135 383 / 121 907 / 32 465 / 153.3 / 31 795 / 155.4
Gießen / 24 747 / 22 283 / 20 924 / 98.8 / 20 330 / 99.4
Kassel / 31 610 / 28 463 / 22 503 / 106.3 / 21 948 / 107.3
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern / 29 638 / 26 688 / 15 233 / 71.9 / 14 855 / 72.6
Niedersachsen / 180 295 / 162 347 / 20 371 / 96.2 / 20 149 / 98.5
Braunschweig / 40 888 / 36 818 / 22 092 / 104.3 / 21 769 / 106.4
Hannover / 52 375 / 47 161 / 21 765 / 102.8 / 21 677 / 106.0
Lüneburg / 31 901 / 28 725 / 17 023 / 80.4 / 16 747 / 81.9
Weser-Ems / 55 131 / 49 643 / 20 273 / 95.8 / 20 024 / 97.9
Nordrhein-Westfalen / 463 365 / 417 239 / 23 099 / 109.1 / 22 716 / 111.0
Düsseldorf / 150 285 / 135 325 / 25 766 / 121.7 / 25 291 / 123.6
Köln / 118 277 / 106 503 / 24 653 / 116.4 / 24 149 / 118.0
Münster / 55 305 / 49 800 / 18 989 / 89.7 / 18 685 / 91.3
Detmold / 50 666 / 45 623 / 22 081 / 104.3 / 21 987 / 107.5
Arnsberg / 88 831 / 79 988 / 21 038 / 99.4 / 20 709 / 101.2
Rheinland-Pfalz / 91 620 / 82 499 / 20 362 / 96.2 / 20 031 / 97.9
Koblenz / 32 569 / 29 327 / 19 227 / 90.8 / 18 857 / 92.2
Trier / 10 409 / 9 373 / 18 278 / 86.3 / 17 885 / 87.4
Rheinhessen-Pfalz / 48 642 / 43 800 / 21 753 / 102.7 / 21 467 / 104.9
Saarland / 25 873 / 23 298 / 21 868 / 103.3 / 21 135 / 103.3
Sachsen / 75 203 / 67 717 / 15 511 / 73.3 / 15 055 / 73.6
Chemnitz / 26 035 / 23 443 / 14 709 / 69.5 / 14 255 / 69.7
Dresden / 29 816 / 26 848 / 15 896 / 75.1 / 15 344 / 75.0
Leipzig / 19 353 / 17 426 / 16 091 / 76.0 / 15 788 / 77.2
Sachsen-Anhalt / 43 329 / 39 015 / 15 212 / 71.8 / 14 718 / 71.9
Dessau / 8 280 / 7 456 / 14 081 / 66.5 / 13 509 / 66.0
Halle / 14 950 / 13 461 / 15 915 / 75.2 / 15 368 / 75.1
Magdeburg / 20 099 / 18 098 / 15 215 / 71.9 / 14 796 / 72.3
Schleswig-Holstein / 65 360 / 58 854 / 20 944 / 98.9 / 20 648 / 100.9
Thüringen / 41 049 / 36 963 / 15 390 / 72.7 / 14 965 / 73.1
Regional GDP in the European Union
2002
Mio. euro / GDP
2002
Mio. PPS / GDP per capita 2002
PPS / GDP per capita
2002
PPS
EU25=100 / GDP per capita
2000-2002
PPS / GDP per capita
2000-2002
PPS
EU25=100
EU25 / 9 625 302 / 9 625 302 / 21 172 / 100.0 / 20 459 / 100.0
ESTONIA / 7 469 / 13 433 / 9 868 / 46.6 / 9 200 / 45.0
GREECE / 141 502 / 180 209 / 16 457 / 77.7 / 15 287 / 74.7
Voreia Ellada / 42 674 / 54 347 / 15 426 / 72.9 / 14 358 / 70.2
Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki / 5 953 / 7 581 / 12 543 / 59.2 / 11 762 / 57.5
Kentriki Makedonia / 24 841 / 31 635 / 16 749 / 79.1 / 15 556 / 76.0
Dytiki Makedonia / 3 940 / 5 017 / 17 082 / 80.7 / 15 730 / 76.9
Thessalia / 7 941 / 10 113 / 13 738 / 64.9 / 12 892 / 63.0
Kentriki Ellada / 30 719 / 39 122 / 16 092 / 76.0 / 14 977 / 73.2
Ipeiros / 3 474 / 4 424 / 13 148 / 62.1 / 12 154 / 59.4
Ionia Nisia / 2 414 / 3 074 / 14 369 / 67.9 / 13 444 / 65.7
Dytiki Ellada / 7 034 / 8 958 / 12 375 / 58.4 / 11 543 / 56.4
Sterea Ellada / 10 096 / 12 858 / 23 027 / 108.8 / 21 563 / 105.4
Peloponnisos / 7 701 / 9 807 / 16 389 / 77.4 / 15 103 / 73.8
Attiki / 53 404 / 68 012 / 17 453 / 82.4 / 16 187 / 79.1
Nisia Aigaiou, Kriti / 14 705 / 18 728 / 17 039 / 80.5 / 15 757 / 77.0
Voreio Aigaio / 2 686 / 3 421 / 16 800 / 79.4 / 15 218 / 74.4
Notio Aigaio / 4 559 / 5 805 / 19 362 / 91.5 / 18 003 / 88.0
Kriti / 7 461 / 9 501 / 15 951 / 75.3 / 14 815 / 72.4
SPAIN / 698 589 / 811 732 / 20 020 / 94.6 / 19 009 / 92.9
Noroeste / 61 379 / 71 320 / 16 772 / 79.2 / 15 891 / 77.7
Galicia / 37 250 / 43 284 / 16 211 / 76.6 / 15 315 / 74.9
Asturias / 15 287 / 17 763 / 16 909 / 79.9 / 16 141 / 78.9
Cantabria / 8 842 / 10 274 / 19 316 / 91.2 / 18 301 / 89.5
Noreste / 82 951 / 96 386 / 23 547 / 111.2 / 22 344 / 109.2
País Vasco / 44 296 / 51 470 / 24 934 / 117.8 / 23 630 / 115.5
Navarra / 11 833 / 13 750 / 24 790 / 117.1 / 23 558 / 115.1
La Rioja / 5 223 / 6 069 / 21 941 / 103.6 / 21 225 / 103.7
Aragón / 21 599 / 25 097 / 20 952 / 99.0 / 19 814 / 96.8
Madrid / 121 974 / 141 729 / 27 153 / 128.3 / 25 727 / 125.7
Centro (ES) / 75 366 / 87 573 / 16 649 / 78.6 / 15 771 / 77.1
Castilla y León / 39 301 / 45 666 / 18 777 / 88.7 / 17 730 / 86.7
Castilla-La Mancha / 24 067 / 27 965 / 15 911 / 75.2 / 15 166 / 74.1
Extremadura / 11 998 / 13 942 / 13 024 / 61.5 / 12 288 / 60.1
Este / 213 981 / 248 637 / 22 083 / 104.3 / 21 101 / 103.1
Cataluña / 127 993 / 148 722 / 23 997 / 113.3 / 22 852 / 111.7