Chemistry 1
Unit 2 test review: Atomic structure and the Periodic table
Textbook: Chapter 4-6 (see syllabus for specific sections)
Students will be able to…
· describe how experimental evidence lead to changes in the model of the atom historically, specifically the cathode ray tube and gold foil experiments.
· determine the numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons of an atom, given its atomic number, mass number and/or position on the periodic table.
· explain the similarities and differences between isotopes of an element.
· understand the importance of energy quantization in our modern understanding of electronic structure, and be able to use this concept to explain line emission spectra of elements, including interpretation of the relative energy and wavelength of each emission line.
· describe the nature of electrons, including the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, and apply this concept to explaining atomic orbitals.
· write complete and short-hand electron configurations and orbital diagrams
· relate the # of valence electrons to position on the periodic table
Memory
You should memorize:
· nanometer = 1nm = 10-9m
· micrometer = 1um = 10-6m
· Hertz = Hz = s-1 = per second
Given
On the test you will be provided with the following constants:
· the spend of light = Einstein's constant = c = 3.00 x 108 meters per second
· Planck's constant = h = 6.626 x 10-34J • s
Vocabulary terms: You should be able to use these terms correctly in explanations.
Cathode ray
Subatomic particles
Atomic number
Mass number
Atomic mass
Isotope
Frequency
Wavelength
Photon
Electromagnetic spectrum
Radiation
Quantization/quantized
Line emission spectrum
Ground state
Excited state
Excitation
Relaxation
Energy level
Sublevel
Orbital
Electron configuration
Uncertainty principle
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Absorption
Emission
J.J Thomson’s model
Dalton’s model/Theory
Rutherford’s model
Bohr model
Quantum Mechanical model
Valence electrons
Core electrons
Recommended review strategies:
Lab Review:
Rewrite your answers to the emission spectrum lab discussion questions. Keep your explanations as clear as possible and refer to your lab data in your explanations.
Written work:
Write paragraphs and/or make concept maps showing how the above vocabulary terms are related to each other, using the "learning objectives" above as a guideline for your explanations.
Reading:
Re-read and summarize in writing any textbook pages that you didn't fully understand the first time you read them.
Visual learning:
Examine important diagrams/graphs in your textbook. Similarly, go online to the PhET simulations of emission spectra and models of the atom (both linked on the course webpage) and make sure you understand what each aspect of each simulation is showing.
Practice Problems:
• Complete and check practice worksheets and practice problems in book