Name: ______Date: ______Period: _____
Intermediate Science Mr. Vorstadt
The Earth’s Surface
The graph below shows travel time in minutes and distance traveled for primary and secondary waves. Primary and secondary waves start at the same time but do not travel at the same speed. Study the graph. Use the graph to help answer the questions that follow.
8.How long does it take
for a primary wave to
travel 2000 km?
______
9. How long does it take
for a secondary wave
to travel 2000 km?
______
10. How far does a
secondary wave travel
in 10 minutes?
______
11. How far does a
primary wave travel in
10 minutes?
______
12. What happens to the time difference between primary and secondary waves as
the distancetraveled gets longer? ______
______
13. Suppose a primary and secondary wave both travel a distance of 4000 kilometers
before they are picked up by a seismograph. Which wave will arrive first? ______
14. How much time lag at 4000 km will there be between these two waves?______
15. Suppose both a primary and secondary wave start together and travel for 5
minutes. Which wave will travel farther?______
16 -17.Draw two diagrams showing the folding and fault-block mountain building
process.
foldingfault
Use the following terms to answer the questions 18-27 below.
A} Separation plate / E} Pangea / H} LavaB} Fault / F} Plates / I} Collision plate
C} Transverse plate / G} Magma / J} Trenches
D} Continental Drift
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18.______This is molten rock on the surface of the Earth.
19.______The plate boundary where two plates are moving apart creating new crust and making the oceans spread.
20.______These are pieces of the crust that "float" and move because of the mantle's convection currents.
21.______This is the name of the super-continent 250 million years ago.
22.______Molten rock under the surface of the Earth is called.
23.______The deepest area of the oceans.
24.______Along crack in the crust is called a
25.______The idea that the Earth's plates are moving across the surface of the Earth.
26.______A plate boundary in which the two plates crash into each other causing mountains building, earthquakes, and volcanic activity.
27.______A plate boundary in which the two plates are sliding in opposite directions.
Label the four layers of the Earth and tell what main material makes up that layer.
_____ 33. The wearing away of rock by the repeated freezing and melting of water is
called?(1) root-pry (2) frost-action
(3) gravity (4) all of these are correct
_____ 34. A rock that dissolves easily in water is said to be?
(1) soluble(2) insoluble (3) physical erosion (4) water
_____ 35. Is the cracking or breaking of the Earth’s crust due to stress in the crust
pushing or pulling is known as?
(1) Faulting (2) Folding (3) Volcano (4) Erosion
_____ 36. Rocks can be broken apart by
(1) root-pry (2) frost-action (3) gravity (4) all of these are correct
_____ 37. Acid rain is made when sulfurous gases dissolve in water to form?
(1) hydrochloric acid (2) carbonic acid
(3) sulfuric acid (4) oxygenic acid
_____ 38. The process in which carbon chemically combines with another substance is
called? (1) carbonation(2) exfoliation (3) oxidation (4) nitrate
_____ 39. The process in which oxygen chemically combines with another substance is
called? (1) carbonation (2) exfoliation (3) oxidation (4) nitrate
_____ 40. Is the wearing away of rocks by solid particles carried by wind, water, or
other forces is called? (1) gravity (2) abrasion (3) root-pry (4) frost action
_____ 41. The weathering of rock in which a plant root grow in cracks in a rock and
loosen rocks materials is called?
(1) root-pry (2) frost-action (3) gravity (4) all of these are correct
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