MONOCOTYLEDON
188
Kingdom: Plantae
Sub kingdom: Phanerogamae
Division: Angiospermae
Class: Monocotyledonae
Family: Ceratophyllaceae
1. Ceratophyllum demersum L. ( 1753 )
Common name: Jhanji
Life form: Submerged, Rootless, aquatic herb.
Habitat: Common in ponds, Ditches & pools, Associated with Hydrilla.
Distribution:Nadia,Medinipur , Koch Bihar, South 24 Pgs, Jalpaiguri, Birbhum, Hugli, North 24 Pgs , Barddhaman, North Dinajpur, South Dinajpur, Haora (Uluberia), Murshidabad (Berhampore, Farakka.), Maldah (Manikchak) and Puruliya.
Family: Hydrocharitaceae
2. Blyxa japonica ( Miq. )Maxim. ex Aschers. & Gurke ( 1889 ).
Life form: Submerged herb.
Habitat: Ponds & ditches.
Distribution: North 24 Pgs , Medinipur , Hugli, Nadia (Birnagar).
3. Blyxa octandra ( Roxb. ) Planch. ex Thw. ( 1864 ).
Common name: Patasiala
Life form: Submerged dioecious fresh water plant.
Habitat: Ponds, puddles.
4. Hydrilla verticillata ( L. f. ) Royle ( 1839 ).
Life form: Submerged fresh water plsnt.
Habitat: Jhils & Bils.
Distribution: Nadia,Puruliya, Maldah (Pakuya), Murshidabad (Jiagunge.), South Dinajpur, North Dinajpur, Haora, Barddhaman, Hugli, Bankura, Birbhum, Jalpaiguri, North 24 Pgs , Koch Bihar,
South 24 Pgs and Medinipur .
5. Nechamandra alternifolia ( Roxb. ex Wight ) Thw. ( 1864 ).
Life form: Submerged or floating dioecious fresh water herb.
Habitat: Puddles, ponds & ditches.
Distribution: Birbhum, Koch Bihar, Maldah, Murshidabad (Bhagirathi, Berhampore, Baranagar), South Dinajpur, Haora (Moniktola.), Hugli, Jalpaiguri, Barddhaman, Puruliya, Medinipur , North 24 Pgs, Nadia,
South 24 Pgs and North Dinajpur.
6. Ottelia alismoides ( L. ) Pers. ( 1805 ).
Common name: Panikalla
Life form: Submerged herb.
Habitat: Ponds & shallow lakes.
Distribution: Koch Bihar, Murshidabad (Baranagar.), Maldah (Ratuya), Medinipur, North Dinajpur, Haora, Jalpaiguri, Nadia, South 24 Pgs, Hugli, North 24 Pgs.
7. Vallisneria spiralis var. denseserrulata Makino ( 1914 ).
Common name: Siala
Life form: Glabrous herb.
Habitat: Ponds & ditches.
Distribution: North 24 Pgs, Jalpaiguri, Maldah (Ratuya), Medinipur, Birbhum, Koch Bihar, Barddhaman, South Dinajpur, Bankura, North Dinajpur, Haora, Murshidabad (Lalbagh, Chandpara bil.), Hugli, South 24 Pgs, Nadia, Puruliya.
Family: Orchidaceae
8. Acampe praemorsa ( Roxb. ) Blatt. & McCann ( 1932 ).
Life form: Epiphytes.
Habitat: Occasional; epiphytic on Mangifera indica.
Distribution: North 24 Pgs, Murshidabad,Nadia.
9. Agrostophyllum breviceps King & Pantl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
10. Agrostophyllum cailosum Reichnb. f.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
11. Anoectochilus lanceolatus Lindl.
Life form: Annual herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
12. Anthogonium gracile Lindl.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
13. Arundina graminifolia (D.Don) Hochr.
Life form: Undershrub
Distribution: Darjiling.
14. Bulbophyllum odoratisssimum (Sm.) Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
15. Bulbophyllum reptans Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution:Darjiling.
16. Calanthe brevicorau Lindl.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
17. Calanthe plantaginea Lindl.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling .
18. Calanthe puberula Lindl.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
19. Calanthe tricarinata Lindl.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
20. Calanthe trulliformis King & Pantl.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
21. Chiloschita usneoides (D. Don) Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
22. Coelogyne corymbosa Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
23. Coelogyne cristata Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
24. Coelogyne ochracea Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
25. Coelogyne stricta (D.Don) Schl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
26. Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
27. Dendrobium amoenum Wall. ex Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
28. Dendrobium hookerianum Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
29. Dendrobium longicornu Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
30. Dendrobium nobile Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
31. Dendrobium porphyrochillum Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
32. Diplomeris hirsuta Lindl.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
33. Epigenium amplum (Lindl.) Summerh.
Life form: Epiphytic undershrub
Distribution: Darjiling.
34. Epigenium rotundatum (Lindl.) Summerh.
Life form: Epiphytic undershrub
Distribution: Darjiling.
35. Eria convalarioides Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
36. Eria coronaria (Lindl.) Reichnb.f.
Life form:Perennial herb
Distribution:Darjiling.
37. Eria excavata Lindl. ex Hk.f.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution:Darjiling.
38. Eria graminifolia Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
39. Galeola lindleyana (Hook.f. & Thoms.) Reichnb. f.
Habitat: Root parasite
Distribution: Darjiling.
40. Gastrochilus calceolaris (Sm.) D. Don
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
41. Goodyera hemsleyana King & Pantl.
Life form: Perennial herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
42. Habenaria arietina Hook.f.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
43. Herminium lanceum (Thunb.) Vaijk
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
44. Herpysma longicaulis Lindl. ex Wall .
Life form: Perennial herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
45. Ione bicolor Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
46. Kingidium taenialis (Lindl.) Hunt
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
47. Liparis deflexa Hook.f. var.deflexa
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
48. Liparis deflexa H00k.f. var.breviscapa A.P. Das & Chanda
Life form:Geophyte
Distribution:Darjiling.
49. Liparis resupinata Ridley
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
50. Liparis tigerhillensis A.P. Das & Chanda
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
51. Malaxis acuminata D. Don
Life form:Perennial herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
52. Malaxis musciftra (Lindl.) Kuntze
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
53. Nervilia macroglossa (HooK.f.) Schlech.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
54. Nervilla discolor ( Blume ) Schltr. ( 1911 ).
Distribution:Nadia.
55. Nervilla plicata ( Andr. ) Schltr.
Distribution: Haora.
56.Oreorchis micrantha Lindl.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
57. Otochilus albus Lindl.
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution:Darjiling.
58. Otochilus porrectus Lindl.
Life form:Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
59. Peristylus aristatus Lindl.
Life form:Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
60. Peristylus goodyeroides (D. Don) Lindl.
Life form:Gewophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
61. Platenthera biermaniana (King & Pantl.) Kruz
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
62. Platenthera clavigera Lindl.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
63. Platenthera latilabris Lindl.
Life form:Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
64. Pleone humilis (Sm.) D. Don
Life form: Epiphytic herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
65. Pleone praecox (Sm.) D. Don
Life form:Epiphytic herb
Distribution:Darjiling.
66. Satyrium nepalense D. Don
Life form:Geophyte
Distribution:Darjiling.
67. Spiranthes sinensia (Pers.) Ames
Life form:Geophyte
Distribution:Darjiling.
68. Vandopsis undulata (Lindl. ) J.J. Smith
Life form:Epiphytic herb
Distribution:Darjiling.
69. Zeuxine affine Benth. ex Hook. f.
Life form:Perennial herb
Distribution:Darjiling.
70. Zeuxine goodyeroides Lindl.
Life form:Perennial herb
Distribution:Darjiling.
71. Zeuxine strateumatica ( L. ) Schltr. ( 1911 ).
Common Name: Swethuli’/ ‘Sadahuli
Life form: Terrestrial herb.
Habitat: Occasional on moist shady localities in bamboo grooves.
Distribution:.Murshidabad (Lalbagh), bankura (Manikchak), Haora (Andul), Nadia, North 24 Pgs, Hugli and North Dinajpur.
72. Geodorum densiflorum ( Lam. ) Schltr. ( 1919 ).
Life form: Terrestrial herb.
Habitat: Occasional in bamboo grooves under shade.
Distribution: Murshidabad (Katgolarbagan.), North 24 Pgs, Haora (Dumjoor, Jagatballavpur), Hugli,
Nadia (Tehatta.).
73. Eulophia graminea Lindl. ( 1833 ).
Life form:Terrestrial herb.
Habitat:Occasional in forest areas.
Distribution: Murshidabad,Maldah,Nadia,Hugli.
74. Habenaria plantaginea Lindl. ( 1835 ).
Life form:Terrestrial slender herb.
Habitat: Shade loving scrub jungle plant.
Distribution: Murshidabad(Kashimbazar),Maldah,Haora, Nadia,Hugli, North 24 Pgs and Medinipur.
75.Rhynchostylis retusa ( L. ) Bl. ( 1825 ).
Common name: Fox tail orchid
Life form: Epiphytic herb.
Habitat: On Samanea saman tree.
Distribution: Jalpaiguri, Hugli, Koch Bihar,Barddhaman, North 24 Pgs, Maldah, Medinipur and Murshidabad ( Berhampore.).
76. Vanda tessellata ( Roxb. ) Lodd ex G. Don ( 1832 ).
Common name: Rashna
Life form: Epiphytic herb.
Habitat: Usually on Mangifera indica
Distribution: Murshidabad (Bhagawangola, Baranagar), Maldah (Altor, Kharba), Haora (Bagnan), Nadia, Jalpaiguri, Birbhum, Medinipur, North 24 Pgs. South 24 Pgs. Hugli, Barddhaman, North Dinajpur, South Dinajpur and Puruliya.
77. Vanda roxburghii R. Br. (1820).
Life form: Epiphytic herb.
Habitat: Usually on Mangifera indica
Distribution: Murshidabad (Bhagawangola, Baranagar), Maldah (Altor, Kharba), Haora (Bagnan), Nadia, Jalpaiguri, Birbhum, Medinipur, North 24 Pgs. South 24 Pgs. Hugli, Barddhaman, North Dinajpur, South Dinajpur and Puruliya.
78. Didymoplexis pallens Griff. ( 1844 ).
Life form: Terrestrial
Habitat: Under shade of dense bamboo clumps & thickets.
Distribution: Haora (Dumjoor), Murshidabad, Hugli and Puruliya.
Family : Musaceae
79. Musa paradisica L. ( 1753 ).
Common name: Kala
Life form: Tree with pseudostem ca. 15 m. tall.
Habitat: Commonly cultivated in the villages
Distribution: Puruliya , Hugli, Nadia, South 24 Pgs, Maldah (Makdampr), Darjiling, Murshidabad (Berhampore & other places throughout the district), Birbhum, South Dinajpur, Koch Bihar, Medinipur, Haora (different parts of district), Bankura, North 24 Pgs, Barddhaman, Jalpaiguri and North Dinajpor.
80. Musa balbisiana Colla
Life form: Perennial herb
Distribution: Darjiling.
Family: Zingiberaceae
81. Ammomum subulatum Roxb.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
82. Alpinia calcarata Rosc. ( 1807 ).
Life form: Herb.
Habitat: Cultivated in garden.
Distribution: Darjiling, Koch Bihar, Jalpaiguri.
83. Curcuma aromatica Salisb. ( 1805 ).
Distribution: Maldah,Barddhaman,North Dinajpur,Haora,Darjiling,South Dinajpur,Medinipur,
Hugli,Birbhum,Nadia,Maldah (Nakail),Murshidabad,North 24 Pgs, Jalpaiguri,South 24 Pgs,KochBihar, Bankura.
84. Costus speciosus ( Koening ) Smith ( 1791 ).
Life form: Herb.
Habitat: Shrubberies & vill.surroundings under shade.
Distribution: Murshidabad (Bhabta, Kuli), Maldah (Chanchal), Haora (Uluberia), Nadia, Darjiling, Jalpaiguri, Koch Bihar, Medinipur, North 24 pgs.,Hugli, Barddhaman, South Dinajpur and Puruliya.
85. Cautleya gracilis (Sm.) Dandy var. gracilis
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
Note: Typical variety occurs in West Bengal.
86. Globba bulbifera Roxb. ( 1810 ).
Life form: Herb.
Habitat: Damp shady banks of streamlets in hilly areas.
Distribution: Darjiling and Jalpaiguri.
87. Globba berscteolata Wall. ex Baker ( 1890 ).
Life form: Herb.
Habitat: Shady moist places
Distribution: Murshidabad (Bhagwangola), Maldah (Chanchal), Haora (Dumjoor, Thanamakua), Nadia, Jalpaiguri and Koch Bihar.
88. Globba hookerii C.B.Clarke
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
89. Globba marantina L. ( 1771 ).
Life form: Herb.
Habitat: Shady banks.
Distribution: North 24 Pgs,Maldah (Nanachuni), Haora, Hugli, Nadia, Murshidabad (Sabjikatra, Lalbagh).
90. Hedychium acuminatum Roscoe
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
91. Curcuma amada Roxb. ( 1810)
Common name: Am-ada
Life form: Herb.
Habitat: Mostly cultivated.
Distribution: Maldah, Koch Bihar, Medinipur, Darjiling, Haora, North 24 Pgs, Hugli, Nadia (Banpur, Kalyani), Jalpaiguri, Murshidabad.
92. Curcuma domestica
Life form: Herb
Habitat: Shady places
Distribution: North Dinajpur, Koch Bihar, South Dinajpur, Haora, South 24 Pgs, Barddhaman, Medinipur, Hugli, Puruliya, Maldah, Nadia,Birbhum,Jalpaiguri,North 24 Pgs,Bankura,Murshidabad,
Darjiling.
93. Curcuma aromatica Salisb. ( 1805 ).
Common name : Halud
Life form: Large herb.
Habitat: Shady places of the hills.
Distribution: Murshidabad, Bankura, Maldah, Haora, Nadia, Darjiling, Jalpaiguri, Koch Bihar, Birbhum, Medinipur, North 24 Pgs., South 24 Pgs., Hugli, Barddhaman, South Dinajpur and North Dinajpur.
94. Roscoea purpurea J.E. Smith var.auriculata (Schum.) Hara
Life form:Geophyte
Distribution:Darjiling.
95. Zingiber capitatum Roxb. ( 1810 ).
Common name: Jangli ada
Life form: Aromatic herb.
Habitat: In forest as an undergrowth & also on grass lands.
Distribution: Jalpaiguri and Darjiling.
96. Zingiber zerumbet ( L. ) Smith ( 1806 ).
Common name: Ban ada
Life form: Herb., Stout herb.
Habitat: Shady wet places, , Damp shady hilly forests.
Distribution: Hugli, Darjiling, Maldah, Haora (Dumjoor), Murshidabad (Lalbagh, Sarupnagar), Nadia and Jalpaiguri.
97. Zingiber officinale Roxb.
Life form: Herb
Habitat: Shady places
Distribution: Darjiling, Maldah,Nadia,Murshidabad,Puruliya,Koch Bihar, Barddhaman, SouthDinajpur, Jalpaiguri,Medinipur,Bankura,Hugli,Birbhum,Haora,South 24 Pgs,North Dinajpur,North 24 Pgs.
Family: Cannaceae
98. Canna indica L. ( 1753 ).
Common name: Sarbajaya
Life form: Perennial rhizomatous herb.
Habitat: Common garden plant, waste marshy places.
Distribution: North Dinajpur, Koch Bihar, South Dinajpur, Haora (Andul), South 24 Pgs, Barddhaman, Medinipur, Hugli, Puruliya, Maldah (Adina), Nadia,Birbhum,Jalpaiguri,North 24 Pgs,Bankura,Murshidabad (Saragachi).
99. Canna edulis Ker-Gawler (1817)
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
100. Canna indica L.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
Family : Amaryllidaceae
101. Crinum asiaticum L. ( 1753 ).
Common name: Barakansm
Life form: Bulbose herb.
Habitat: Common on muddy bank of ponds, canals
Distribution: Maldah (Milki), Hugli, Birbhum, Jalpaiguri, Koch Bihar, Murshidabad (Berhampore.), Nadia, North 24 Pgs, Medinipur, South 24 Pgs and Haora (Kona, Bally, Dumjoor & Uluberia.).
102. Crinum defixum Ker-Gawler ( 1817 ).
Common name: Sukh-darsan
Life form: Bulbose herb.
Habitat: Margins of ponds, cultivated.
Distribution: Hugli, Murshidabad (Berhampore, Baranagar.), North 24 Pgs, Maldah and Haora (Kona, Bally, Dumjoor & Uluberia).
103. Zephyranthes carinata Herb.
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
104. Zephyranthes citrima
Life form: Herb
Habitat: Cultivated
Distribution: Darjiling and Jalpaiguri.
105. Zephyranthes carinata
Life form: Herb
Habitat: Cultivated
Distribution: Jalpaiguri and Darjiling.
106. Pancratium zeylanicum.
Life form: Herb
Habitat: Cultivated
Distribution: Darjiling and Jalpaiguri.
Family: Taccaceae
107. Tacca leontopetaloides ( L. ) O. Kuntz ( 1893 ).
Life form: Perennial herb.
Habitat: Among rocky ground of hilly forests.
Distribution: Murshidabad {Raigarh hill ( Ranibandh )}.
Family: Dioscoreaceae
108. Dioscorea bulbifera L. ( 1753 ).
Common name: Rat-alu
Life form: Climber with bulbils.
Habitat: Common in scrub jungles & thickets.
Distribution: North 24 Pgs, Hugli, Murshidabad (Berhampore, Baranagar), Darjiling, Jalpaiguri, Koch Bihar, Maldah (Pakuya), Nadia and Haora (Chengail, Andul, Uluberia.).
109. Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. ex Griseb. var.sikkimensis
Life form: Climber.
Distribution: Darjiling and Maldah (Chanchal).
110. Dioscorea esculenta ( Lour. ) Burkill ( 1917 ).
Common name: Susni Alu
Life form: Climber.
Habitat: Thicket near village.
Distribution: Murshidabad (Beldanga), Bankura, Maldah (Milki), Haora (Kona), South Dinajpur, North Dinajpur, North 24 Pgs, South 24 Pgs.,Maldah, Nadia, Barddhaman, Hugli, Jalpaiguri and Koch Bihar,
111. Dioscorea glabra Roxb. ( 1832 ).
Common name: Shora alu
Life form: Climber.
Habitat: Scrub jungle.
Distribution: Jalpaiguri, Maldah (Amriti), Puruliya, Haora (Andul), Koch Bihar, Murshidabad (Sabjikatra, Lalbagh, Azimgunge) and Darjiling.
112. Dioscorea hispida Dennst. ( 1818 ).
Life form: Climber.
Habitat: Hedge.
Distribution: South Dinajpur, Jalpaiguri,Koch Bihar,Murshidabad (Sarupnagar, Farakka), North 24 Pgs, North Dinajpur, Maldah, Nadia, Barddhaman, Hugli and Haora (Andul.).
113. Dioscorea oppositifolia L. ( 1753 ).
Life form: Large climber.
Habitat: Hedge.
Distribution:North Dinajpur, South Dinajpur, Puruliya, Nadia and Maldah (Gour).
114. Dioscorea pentaphylla L. ( 1753 ).
Common name: Kanta Alu
Life form: Large twiner.
Habitat: Hedge and Scrub jungle
Distribution: Maldah (Gobindapur, Sadullapur,Altor), Haora (Jagatballavpur,Chengail) and Puruliya.
115. Dioscorea pubera Blume ( 1827 ).
Common name: Kukur Alu
Life form: Unarmed climber.
Habitat: In midest of scrub jungle.
Distribution: Maldah, North 24 Pgs, Murshidabad (Sabjikatra.), Hugli, Barddhaman, South 24 Pgs,
North Dinajpur, Nadia and South Dinajpur.
116. Dioscorea belophylla (Prain) Voigt ex Haines
Life form: Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
117. Dioscorea bulbifera L.
Life form:Geophyte
Distribution: Darjiling.
118. Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. ex Kunth
Life form:Geophyte